Livestock Studies最新文献

{"title":"Examination of OECD Countries for the Presence of Livestock by Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling","authors":"Yıldırım Demir, S. Keskin","doi":"10.46897/livestockstudies.610202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46897/livestockstudies.610202","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":402330,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Studies","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121366699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Commercial Semen Cryopreservation and Main Spermatological Features of Anatolian Buffalo","authors":"Fırat Korkmaz, I. Bastan, D. Şahi̇n, Seher Simsek, M. Satilmis","doi":"10.46897/livestockstudies.610203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46897/livestockstudies.610203","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional buffalo semen freezing studies are limited in Anatolian buffaloes, which are overly sensitive to exogenous stimulation. The present study's object was to determine the main features of Anatolian Buffalo semen obtained by artificial vagina method for the first time. A total number of 150 ejaculates were collected from three Anatolian Buffalo bulls (app. 4 years of age). The mean pH, volume and concentration of semen were found 6.63±0.15, 1.61±0.5 ml, 1629±222.67 x10 6 spermatozoa/ml, respectively. The sperm motion characteristics were determined by using a computer-assisted sperm analysis system (CASA); the total and progressively motile sperm values were 57.12±5.63%, 23.22±4.47% and other kinetic parameters such VAP, VSL, VCL, ALH, BCF, STR, LIN were found 94.71±8.48 µm/s, 72.6±7.08 µm/s, 160.9±15.66 µm/s, 7.8±3.75 µm, 29.15±1.56 Hz, 76.91±3.87%, 46.21±2.61%, respectively after thawing. Among buffalo bulls, differences in semen pH values were statistically significant (P<0.05), while differences in ejaculate volume, semen concentration, total motility, progressive motility, VAP, VSL, VCL, ALH, BCF, STR, and LIN","PeriodicalId":402330,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Studies","volume":"287 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132291332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of the combination of various training methodologies in horse training on the learning performances of Arabian horses","authors":"S. Danişan, C. Özbeyaz","doi":"10.46897/livestockstudies.610204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46897/livestockstudies.610204","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims at examining the learning performance of Arabian horses with the use of Join-up, Parelli’s Seven Games, and Clicker methods in combination and separately. In the research, thirty-six Arabian mares were examined and combinations of training methods were applied. Before and after the application of each training method, horses were directed to pass through a narrow-spaces and to walk on a tarp. While applying training methods, stress parameters, behavioral responses, and learning responses of horses were evaluated. The highest heart rates of the training groups were being during the application of the Join-up method. When the Parelli method was performed last, the training duration was 13.3% shorter. In walk on tarp task, the highest success score was in Clicker Method (75%). In the triple combination of training, when the Join-up method was performed last, task success rates decreased (33.3%). However, when the Join-up method was performed first, the success rate was 100%. When Parelli's methods were applied last, conflict behaviors were prevented, all horses learned vocal cues, and trusted their trainers. During the application of the Clicker method, all horses learned vocal cues and trusted their trainers. It was concluded that the order of methods is so crucial.","PeriodicalId":402330,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Studies","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126158752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination of blood cortisol and some parameters at parturition and on 30th day postpartum in single and twin - pregnant ewes","authors":"N. K. Akbulut, H. Harman, Y. Kal, M. Kirbas","doi":"10.46897/livestockstudies.610201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46897/livestockstudies.610201","url":null,"abstract":"Lambs gain about 70 % of their birth weight in the last 6 weeks of pregnancy. In this period, many physiological events occur in ewe metabolism. The increase in the number of fetuses also affects these events. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of single and twin pregnancy on serum cortisol, glucose, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, total protein, total cholesterol, calcium and phosphorus levels at birth and postpartum days. This study was conducted on 2 - 3 aged single (n = 11) and twin (n = 8) pregnant Anatolian Merino ewes which housed the Department of Animal Breeding and Animal Production of Konya Bahri Dağdaş International Agricultural Research Institute in Turkey. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein immediately after parturition and on 30 th day postpartum in single and twin pregnant ewes. According to the data obtained, the differences between single and twin pregnant ewes of serum cortisol and phosphorus values at parturition were found statistically significant. The differences between parturition and 30 th day postpartum were found statistically significant for the cortisol and glucose values in single pregnant ewes. The differences between the parturition and 30 th day postpartum for glucose, triglyceride and phosphorus values were found statistically significant in twin pregnant ewes. In conclusion, it can be said that cortisol and some blood parameters in ewes are affected by pregnancy and the number of fetuses.","PeriodicalId":402330,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Studies","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113937983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics of Camelina Meal Comparison with Soybean Meal","authors":"Ö. Sızmaz, A. Çalık, Atakan Bundur","doi":"10.46897/LIVESTOCKSTUDIES.610102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46897/LIVESTOCKSTUDIES.610102","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean meal (SBM) is commonly used in livestock nutrition as an attractive protein source of plant origin in the world, although its high price. In ruminants that costs don’t compete with the humans or monogastric animals have encouraged the search alternative protein sources to replace soybean meal (Haddad, 2006; Alves et al., 2016; Florou-Paneri et al., 2014). In the last decades, due to its high quality protein and the search for cheaper resources, the demand for camelina seeds has increased (Russo et al., 2017). Camelina sativa compared to soybean has low nutrient requirements, good resistance to diseases and pests (HalmemiesBeauchet-Filleau et al., 2018). Camelina meal (CM), the by-product of camelina oil extraction, is an alternative protein source for livestock despite its higher antinutritive factors compared to soybean meal (Sizmaz et al., 2016; Russo et al., 2017). Nevertheless, CM has been considered as acceptable (Waraich et al., 2013). CM in livestock diets contain glucosinolates, phytic acid, sinapine and condensed tannins. Especially glucosinolates are antinutritional factors; disrupts the thyroid activity and decreases the feed intake (Paula et al., 2019). Therefore, in 2002, European Union (EU) Directive forbid the usage of C. sativa in livestock rations due to the presence of glucosinolates. Yet, in 2008 EU Directive, after many studies, permits the feed use of C. sativa and its derivatives (Colombini et al., 2014). Because ruminants are more tolerant to glucosinolates compared to monogastric animals; is also a reason to put them back in the field (Vincent et al., 1988). We hypothesized that the camelina meal might be shown similar fermentation characteristics with soybean meal. Thus, the current study is conducted to investigate the in vitro rumen fermentation parameters including pH, ammonia-N level, volatile fatty acid concentration, estimated degradation and gas In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics of Camelina Meal Comparison with Soybean Meal","PeriodicalId":402330,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125581783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Different Levels of Rosehip Fruit Added in the Rations of Laying Hens Raised Under High Altitude and Cold Stress on Some Blood Parameters, Rectal Temperature, Fertility Rate and Chick Quality","authors":"R. Aldemir, A. Tekeli, M. Demi̇rel, Serhat Yildiz, I. Yörük, S. Belhan, V. Koşal","doi":"10.46897/LIVESTOCKSTUDIES.610103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46897/LIVESTOCKSTUDIES.610103","url":null,"abstract":"1 Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Gevaş Vocational School, Department of Veterinary Program, Van, Turkey 2 Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Van, Turkey 3 Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Van, Turkey 4 Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Van, Turkey *Corresponding author","PeriodicalId":402330,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Studies","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121120089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Environmental Factors Growth Traits of Akkaraman Sheep in Çankırı Province","authors":"S. Behrem","doi":"10.46897/LIVESTOCKSTUDIES.610104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46897/LIVESTOCKSTUDIES.610104","url":null,"abstract":"Small ruminants are important contributors of food supply chains throughout the world. They are known for their high adaptive capacity under various environmental conditions such as meagre diet and arid landscapes. Compared to large ruminants, sheep and goats require less input of feed, water and labour, which provides the species to be spread out around various environments (Joy et al., 2020). Among those indigenous breeds have critical role in sustainable production and food security for various reasons such as genetic variability and high adaptation (Bingol, 2016). Nutrition of a large fraction of human population heavily depend on animal-sourced products such as meat and milk (Gül et al., 2020; Mondal & Reddy, 2017). Turkey -with 55 millions of small ruminants of which majority are indigenous breedsis among the largest producers of small ruminants around the world (TUIK, 2020). There are a wide range of indigenous fatand thin-tailed sheep breeds in Turkey (Aksoy et al., 2019; Yilmaz & Wilson, 2012). As a fat-tailed and combined production purpose breed, Akkaraman has a large share of sheep population in Turkey with low productivity (Ünal, 2002; Yalcin, 1986). Even though the number of farm animals is excessively high in Turkey, low productivity leads to the reduced amount of meat production per person. Therefore, increasing growth and productivity of sheep have a great importance for sustainable food supply and food security in Turkey (Şenyüz, 2020; Yardımcı & Özbeyaz, 2001). Similar to the other indigenous sheep, Akkaraman also suffered from the lack a systematic breeding programme until recently, with majority of the breed is still not subject to a genetic selection system. Therefore, farmers select their rams and ewes according to the morphological observations (Ceyhan et al., 2019). As a significant cultural component, sheep farming is majorly implemented as outdoor production based on meagre pasture. However, this approach is compromised in terms of identifying the genetic potential of animals. Recent studies showed high Effects of Environmental Factors Growth Traits of Akkaraman Sheep in Çankırı Province","PeriodicalId":402330,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Studies","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116171608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Parameters of Automatic Milking in Selected Countries in European Union and United States","authors":"D. Piwczyński, M. Kolenda, J. Gondek, B. Sitkowska","doi":"10.46897/LIVESTOCKSTUDIES.610101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46897/LIVESTOCKSTUDIES.610101","url":null,"abstract":"Automatic milking system (AMS) that may be used to milk dairy cattle is in the use from the year 1992 – back then the first robot was launched by Lely in the Netherlands (Nixon et al., 2009). Since then the interest in the automatic milking of cows is systematically growing. In 1998 an estimated number of farms with AMS worldwide was 250, in 2009 it was over 8 ths while in 2015 over 14 ths (de Koning & Van der Vorst, 2002; de Koning, 2010; Taing, 2016). Salfer et al. (2017) estimated that in 2017 over 35 ths AMS operated all over the world. Today, the number of only Lely robot milkers exceeds 30 ths worldwide (Lely International, 2019). The dynamics of the growing number of AMS installations, that may be observed nowadays, may result mainly from the deepening deficit of qualified employees, as well as the beneficial effect of robotization of milking on the level of milking parameters (Brzozowski et al., 2018; Piwczyński et al., 2020b; Sitkowska et al., 2020). The results of numerous studies suggest that the increase in milk yield after the AMS installation, even up to 20%, is directly caused by the increased number of milkings performed by the cow during the day (Rotz et al., 2003; Österman et al., 2005). Czerniawska-Piątkowska et al., (2012) noted the increase in the number of milkings from 2 to 4 times a day, which resulted in an increse of milk yiled in 305day lactation by 1160 kg. In the previous research by the authors of this study, it was shown that cows in AMS barns in selected Eropean Union (EU) and United States (US) countries milk on average from 2.50 to 2.73 per day (Piwczyński et al., 2020a). At the same time, in the latest research, conducted on a vast dataset, it was found that the change of the milking system from conventional to automatic resulted in an increase in the yield of cows in the first (+ 1 078 kg) and the second (+ 1 182 kg) standardised 305-day lactation (Piwczyński et al., 2020b). The beneficial effect of changing the milking system was also demonstrated in terms of the Comparison of Parameters of Automatic Milking in Selected Countries in European Union and United States","PeriodicalId":402330,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128527534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Current Antioxidant Profile in Semen","authors":"M. Akar, Cumali Kaya, M. Çevik","doi":"10.46897/LIVESTOCKSTUDIES.610106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46897/LIVESTOCKSTUDIES.610106","url":null,"abstract":"Mammalian spermatozoa have a high energy demand to function. Spermatozoa contain approximately 50 to 75 mitochondria. The production of free radicals called hydroxyl radicals (•OH), superoxide anion (•O), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and nitric oxide (NO) containing reactive oxygen species occurs in spermatozoon, like any other cell that performs aerobic metabolism (Bansal and Bilaspuri, 2010a). These ROSs are highly reactive molecules since their outer shell has an unpaired electron. In addition, they have a very short half-life between nanoseconds and milliseconds. ROS is formed by natural cell activity and participates in the normal cell cycle. Gametes are often susceptible to attack by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and manipulating gametes in vitro during assisted reproductive techniques can cause ROS to be generated by cells and exposed to ROS at supraphysiological levels (Agarwal et al., 2014). However, oxidative stress (OS) is called when the ROS production exceeds the physiological range and oxidants become more than antioxidants. The resulting OS production causes harmful effects that result in the oxidation of lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleotides (Birben et al., 2012). ROS formation in spermatozoa is likewise a natural physiological process and affects essential reproductive processes such as gametes, spermatozoon-oocyte interactions, implantation, and early development of embryos. A common and significant technique, sperm cryopreservation provides a valuable therapeutic alternative in the field of assisted reproduction (Hezavehei et al., 2018). Osmotic stress that occurs during Evaluation of Current Antioxidant Profile in Semen","PeriodicalId":402330,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Studies","volume":"221 3-4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114007800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Supplementing Whole Milk with Juniper (Juniperus oxycedrus) Aromatic Water on Growth and General Health Parameters of Holstein Calves","authors":"Ali Riza Isik, Serkan Özkaya","doi":"10.46897/LIVESTOCKSTUDIES.610105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46897/LIVESTOCKSTUDIES.610105","url":null,"abstract":"In newborn calves, resistance to diseases is low due to insufficient immune system. Antibiotic treatments applied during this period reduce the numbers of pathogens and also non-pathogenic bacteria. This causes the growth to stop or decline in the early period and therefore it causes economic losses (Soltan, 2009). The restriction and/or prohibition of the use of antibiotics in livestock have increased the interest in medicinal aromatic plants in recent years (Anadon, 2006). The juniper, which is the subject of our study, has an important place in medicine manufacturing industry in Europe and many countries of the world because of its pharmacological properties medicine, due to and the extractive substances it contains. The juniper has been used as wood and material for making medicine from its fruits and leaves for many years in Anatolian geography as well as over the world. Medicines have been prepared from fruits and leaves for curing pain, cough, rheumatism, tuberculosis and it has also been used as antibacterial (Tumen and Hafizoglu, 2003). It has been determined that the JOW has selective antibacterial properties, also show antioxidant and iron-reducing properties depending on the concentration used (Isik et al., 2020). There are a few studies on the use of aromatic waters, a by-product of extracting plant extracts, in animal nutrition and breeding and their health effects. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of aromatic water, which is produced as a by-product and has no economic value, on the healthy growth of calves while extracting oil from juniper (Juniperus oxycedrus) fruits and leaves.","PeriodicalId":402330,"journal":{"name":"Livestock Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126490142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}