Trends in Immunotherapy最新文献

{"title":"A New Design and Epitopes Analysis for Recombinant Vaccine against Salmonella typhi by In silico Analysis","authors":"Tahereh Bidmeshki Barzoki, A. Ahadi, H. Ayat","doi":"10.24294/TI.V2.I4.891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/TI.V2.I4.891","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, foodborne diseases are one of the main problems of the world that infect humans due to consumption of contaminated water or food. Typhoid fever is one of the major causes of illness and death in the world caused by Salmonella typhi. Vaccination is one of the most effective approaches in order to reduction of the disease risk. The main goal of this study is designing and characterization of antigenic determinants of a fusion protein originated from S.typhi usable as an effective vaccine. In this study, the outer membrane proteins of salmonella have been considered as candidates conferring protection against typhoid. Considering the evidence, OmpA, OmpF and OmpC proteins of salmonella applied in a multivalent vaccine design. Conserved motives of these proteins were selected using the CLC software and then their extracellular regions of these peptides were identified with PRED-TMBB server. Appropriate motives were combined for design of final fusion protein. Finally epitops of designed protein with high antigenic properties were identified using BCPREDS, Ellipro, ABCpred, EpiJen, NetCTL-1.2, CTLpred, TAPpred, ProPred and VaxiJen servers. Predicted designed protein in this study reached a very high scores for antigenic indexes. Encoding Genetic construction of this fusion protein could be applied for production of the recombinant OmpA.OmpF.OmpC derived fusion protein with effective antigenic properties as a new vaccine against S.typhi. Laboratory experiments and animal challenging analyses is ongoing. ","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127258985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of flavonoids in Citrus jabara fruit peels","authors":"Azuma Seisho, Murakami Yoshinobu, E. Azuma, B. Kimiye, M. Taniguchi","doi":"10.24294/TI.V2.I2.844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/TI.V2.I2.844","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, about half of people in Japan suffer from allergic diseases. Thus, Citrus jabara fruits have been paid attention as one of quite effective anti-allergic functional foods. C. jabara is an endemic species originally grown only in Kitayama village, Wakayama prefecture in Japan. Although genetic characterization and diversity of various Citrus fruits including C. jabara were researched, but there is room for the study on flavonoids characteristics in C. jabara fruit. For the alleviation of allergic symptom, anti-inflammatory effects are also important. In this study, characteristics of flavonoids in C. jabara fruit peels, and the anti-inflammatory effects of these purified flavonoids were investigated. Our results revealed that C. jabara is a unique Citrus that almost all of flavonoids in fruit peels was narirutin. There was no Citrus species with a flavanone glycosides content ratio like C. jabara. Although anti-inflammatory effects of narirutin was weak, but its aglycone naringenin exhibited following inhibitory effects: nitric oxide synthesis (IC50 = 105 μM), nitric oxide synthase induction, Interleukin-6 synthesis (IC50 = 65 μM), and inducible soluble epoxide hydrolase activity (IC50 = 267 μM). Since narirutin is deglycosylated to naringenin that is then absorbed by colonocytes, it is considered that narirutin exists like a prodrug and its aglycone naringenin works as an active form of anti-inflammatory effect in a living body at oral ingestion of C. jabara fruit peels.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133659274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alopecia and IgG4-related disease","authors":"F. Furukawa, T. Ikeda","doi":"10.24294/ti.v2.i2.915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/ti.v2.i2.915","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115664194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors and irAEs","authors":"F. Furukawa","doi":"10.24294/TI.V2.I2.930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/TI.V2.I2.930","url":null,"abstract":"COPyRIGHT Copyright © 2018 by author(s) and EnPress Publisher LLC. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/ In the development of medicine, there are not many cases that advanced in a direction different from the original purpose. Sometimes it is practical in areas that no one expected. The immune checkpoints programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) is exactly that example. Dr. Hiroyuki Nishimura showed the development of lupus-like autoimmune diseases by disruption of the PD-1 gene encoding an ITIM motif-carrying immunoreceptor. Because of the wide range of ligand distribution in the body, its biological significance pervades almost every aspect of immune responses including autoimmunity, tumor immunity, infectious immunity, transplantation immunity, allergy and immunological privilege. Immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) have opened promising avenues in the treatment of cancer. Various blocking antibodies targeting PD-1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) are approved for human use. They significantly improved disease outcome in a number of cancer patients by boosting anti-tumor immune responses. As Seidel et al. described in their review article, mortality among advanced stage patients and the frequency of treatment-related adverse events remain high with current treatment.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"262 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116237416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne (PAPA) syndrome successfully treated with combination therapy of corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and colchicine","authors":"H. Hashizume, R. Kageyama, T. Umayahara, T. Morio","doi":"10.24294/TI.V2.I2.719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/TI.V2.I2.719","url":null,"abstract":"Pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne (PAPA) syndrome is an autoinflammatory disease characterized by destructive inflammation of the skin and joints in association with genetic mutation of the Pombe Cdc15 homology family member PSTPIP1. Because a therapeutic strategy specific to this disease has not been established, treatment is always challenging for clinicians. We herein describe a case of PAPA syndrome with typical clinical features successfully treated with combination therapy of traditional anti-inflammatory drugs. A 39-year-old man presented with painful plaques on his extremities that had been present for several years. Large brown plaques were observed on both arms and legs with numerous fistulae and ulcers. Cystic acne lesions subsequently appeared on his cheeks and upper back. We diagnosed the patient with PAPA syndrome based on the presence of typical clinical features; however, no genetic mutations of exon-1 to 15 of PSTPIP1were found. Although recent reports have emphasized the efficacy of biologics that target inflammatory cytokines such as antibodies to interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α, use of these agents remains uncovered by health insurance in Japan, showing unresolved discrepancy in practical use for clinicians. The present patient was successfully treated with combined therapy of a corticosteroid, colchicine, and cyclosporine A, encouraging the use of this combination therapy as a novel therapeutic option.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"160 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123080671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological biomarkers of granuloma progression in sarcoidosis","authors":"C. T. H. Nguyen, N. Kambe, I. Ueda‐Hayakawa, H. Okamoto","doi":"10.24294/TI.V2.I2.721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/TI.V2.I2.721","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcoidosis is a systemic disorder with unknown etiology and pathogenesis characterized by non-caseating granulomas, and different clinical manifestations of sarcoidosis hinder diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of serological markers based on clinical observations of sarcoidosis and the progression of granulomas would aid analysis in routine clinical practice. In this review, we overview common serological markers, including angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and lysozyme, and describe in detail new promising indices in sarcoidosis such as a T cell serological marker (soluble interleukin 2 receptor; sIL-2R) and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17).","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127085318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endocrine dysfunctions during treatment of immune-checkpoint inhibitors","authors":"Hidefumi Inaba, H. Ariyasu, H. Okuhira, Yuki Yamamoto, H. Akamatsu, M. Katsuda, M. Jinnin, I. Hara, T. Akamizu","doi":"10.24294/TI.V2.I2.606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/TI.V2.I2.606","url":null,"abstract":"Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are novel agents directed to various malignant tumors. During ICI therapy, however, immune related adverse effects (irAEs) including endocrine dysfunctions have been reported. Dysfunctions in the pituitary gland and the thyroid gland by ICI are often observed, and those in the adrenal glands and the pancreas are less frequent. Positive correlation of the prevalence of endocrine irAEs to clinical antitumor effectiveness during ICI therapy has been reported. The mechanisms of endocrine irAEs by ICI, however, remain unclear, and optimal prevention, prediction, and treatment of the irAEs are still uncertain. This review describes possible mechanisms involved in ICI-related immunity, and discusses clinical management of endocrine irAEs during ICI therapy.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133658413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination use of triamcinolone acetonide and immunotherapy as a new therapeutic option in alopecia totalis","authors":"T. Yoshimasu, Naoya Mikita, T. Ikeda, N. Kanazawa, F. Furukawa, M. Jinnin","doi":"10.24294/TI.V2.I1.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/TI.V2.I1.149","url":null,"abstract":"Alopecia totalis (AT) with body hair loss is the most severe type of alopecia areata (AA). The ability to develop hair is suggested to be poor in such severe AA, because AT does not respond to corticosteroid pulses and immunotherapy using squaric acid dibutylester (SADBE) or diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP). The purpose of this study is to assess the possibility of hair regrowth in AT with body hair loss. Ten patients with AT who did not respond to topical immunotherapies, received triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injections. Undiluted or 2-fold diluted solutions of TA were prepared and 0.1–0.2 mL of either of the two solutions was administered to each patient. In total, 2 mL of the selected solution was injected monthly into each area. In cases where vellus hair developed after the injections, we restarted the immunotherapy using SADBE or DPCP and continued the therapies for more than half a year. The development of vellus hair after TA injections was defined as a good response. Complete response rate to the topical injection of TA was 10% (1/10), however the partially good response rate was 60% (6/10). The good responders showed the anagen stage of hair follicle after TA injections. Furthermore, the complete responder to TA showed susceptibility to the subsequent immunotherapy and more regrowth of hair was seen. Even if patients with AT have suffered for a prolonged period since onset, it is possible to recover the hair cycle if they show susceptibility to intralesional corticosteroid and subsequent immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132251324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosome-mediated immune regulation and its clinical application","authors":"N. Seo","doi":"10.24294/TI.V2.I1.433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/TI.V2.I1.433","url":null,"abstract":"Immune system is a precise mechanism for maintenance of homeostasis by lymphocyte-mediated elimination of extracellular and intercellular pathogens, and abnormal cells in cytokine-, chemokine-, antibody-, and cytotoxic granule-dependent manners. Extracellular vesicles, e.g. exosomes, released from multivesicular endosome in immune cells have been known to be a part of the immune system. Exosomes released by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) regulate natural killer (NK) cells, CD8+ T cells (Cytotoxic T lymphocytes [CTLs]), and CD4+ T cells (Th cells) including Th1, Th2, and regulatory T (Treg) cells. In the anti-tumor immune system, NK cells and CTLs are mainly involved in the elimination of tumor cells by direct interaction. Recently, we clarified that tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells prevent tumor invasion and metastasis by exosome-mediated destruction of tumor stroma consist of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). In this review article, we describe the role of exosomes in controlling immune system and its clinical application.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122229976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2018 was awarded to Cancer Therapy by Inhibition of Negative Immune Regulation","authors":"Fukumi Furukawa","doi":"10.24294/TI.V2.I3.1065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/TI.V2.I3.1065","url":null,"abstract":"   On October 1, The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2018 was awarded jointly to Dr. James P. Allison and Dr. Tasuku Honjo \"for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation.The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute released the comments that Dr. Allison and Dr. Honjo showed how different strategies for inhibiting the brakes on the immune system could be used in the treatment of cancer [1-5]. The seminal discoveries by the two laureates constitute a landmark in our fight against cancer. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2018/prize-announcement/I sincerely wish to congratulate two recipients, co-workers and many patients cooperated in clinical trials. In this journal, we have published several reviews and papers on immunity checkpoints so far. The reason is that the mission of this journal is in scientific awareness and dissemination of new immunotherapy.I herein introduce briefly my previous report with some modification [6]. Immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) have opened promising avenues in the treatment of cancer. Various blocking antibodies targeting programmed cell death -1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) are approved for human use. They significantly improved disease outcome in a number of cancer patients by boosting anti-tumor immune responses. As Seidel, Otsuka and Kabashima described in their review article [7], mortality among advanced stage patients and the frequency of treatment-related adverse events remain high with current treatment. And, it is also noteworthy that unexpected immune related adverse effects (irAEs) appear, even when it becomes better to be administered to many cancer patients [8]. Unfortunately, the mechanisms of endocrine irAEs by ICIs, remain unclear, and optimal prevention, prediction, and treatment of the irAEs are still uncertain. However, appropriate uses and index setting related to prognosis are being studied in many fields such as dermatology [9] and other organs [6,7].While solving such problems, we have to understand that the mechanisms of immunogenic cell death are now moving from concepts to the clinic. We will explain the mechanism behind ICD and how it will perhaps breathe a new life into chemotherapy use in cancer, not front and center but as a helpful hand to immunotherapy [10].For a long time many scientists or doctors attempted to engage the immune system in the fight against cancer. Many clinicians stared at cancer patients who were to be dying by their side, mourning their inability. However, cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation checkpoint therapy has fundamentally changed the way we view how cancer can be managed and many patients will receive much better care and cure. ","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122700896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}