Organic Geochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Characterisation of dissolved organic matter in two contrasting arsenic-prone sites in Kandal Province, Cambodia","authors":"Oliver C. Moore ,&nbsp;Amy D. Holt ,&nbsp;Laura A. Richards ,&nbsp;Amy M. McKenna ,&nbsp;Robert G.M. Spencer ,&nbsp;Dan J. Lapworth ,&nbsp;David A. Polya ,&nbsp;Jonathan R. Lloyd ,&nbsp;Bart E. van Dongen","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquifers throughout Asia are impacted by the release of geogenic arsenic (As) into groundwater by microbial reduction of As-bearing Fe(III) (oxy)hydroxide minerals, severely impacting water quality. Groundwater dissolved organic matter (DOM) is likely key to As release, mainly as electron donor or electron shuttles. This study used optical analyses and ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry to examine the sources and composition of groundwater DOM in the As-prone aquifers of Kandal Province, Cambodia, at boreholes with differing host lithology (clay- and sand-dominated). Groundwater and surface water DOM composition were related to As concentrations, to infer the potential role of DOM in promoting As release. Optical and molecular-level analyses indicated an overall dominance of terrestrial-derived DOM in the groundwater samples, with higher freshness index and relative abundance (RA) of aliphatic compounds in clay compared to sand-dominated lithology. Compared to surface water, groundwater DOM had relatively lower O/C ratios and nominal oxidation state of carbon (−0.19 to −0.13 compared to 0.04 for ground and surface water, respectively), with a lower %RA of aliphatic compounds and higher %RA of carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules, suggesting microbial processing of DOM since percolation into the aquifer. Concentrations of As across both sites were negatively correlated with DOM tryptophan:fulvic-like fluorescence and the %RA of aliphatics, potentially indicating microbial degradation of biolabile DOM in connection with As release, which is consistent with its role as an electron donor source. Together these data support DOM composition as an important control on microbial mediated As release.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":400,"journal":{"name":"Organic Geochemistry","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 104886"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origin and preservation mechanisms of organic matter in carbonate concretions from Lower Cambrian black shales in South China","authors":"Xinyan Fang ,&nbsp;Qing Zhang ,&nbsp;Liangliang Wu ,&nbsp;Ansong Geng ,&nbsp;Shufen Liu ,&nbsp;Pufan Wang ,&nbsp;Xiao Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbonate concretions are widely used in paleoclimate, paleoenvironmental, and paleontological studies, and even in the study of potential life on Mars. These petrological, elemental, isotopic, and lipid biomarker signals in Meso-Cenozoic carbonate concretions (relatively low thermal maturity) can effectively preserve details of seawater conditions and benthic ecosystems during the deposition of their host sediments/rocks. However, such research on Precambrian-Cambrian carbonate concretions under highly mature conditions remains scarce, and the ability of these ancient carbonate concretions to retain their original biogenic information remains uncertain. To achieve that, this study examines two Cambrian carbonate concretions, using samples from the center, transition, and rim of each, and their adjacent host black shales from the Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation in the Yangtze Block, South China. Organic and inorganic geochemical analyses were combined to elucidate the origin and preservation process of organic matter (OM) in these ancient Cambrian carbonate concretions. The results show that the thermal maturity of OM within these concretions (1.8 % EqV<em>R</em>_o) is relatively low compared to their adjacent host shales (2.9 % EqV<em>R</em>_o). Hopanes and steranes are detectable in both free and calcite-occluded hydrocarbons within these concretions, with concentrations of individual compounds ranging from 0.001 to 0.800 μg/g TOC, whereas kerogen-bound hydrocarbons lack detectable biomarkers. The results indicate that the two Cambrian carbonate concretions were formed mainly within the iron reduction and bacterial sulfate reduction zones, extending to depths of 10 to 38 m below the sediment-water interface. The OM within these concretions mainly inherited the initial unaltered signature of OM from the Qiongzhusi host shale. The carbonate concretions protected the internal OM from further thermal and secondary (e.g., biodegradation) alteration processes and might also prevent the formation of the conventional macromolecular skeletal kerogen manifested by the absence of bound biomarkers. The biomarkers, in both free and occluded forms, in the Cambrian carbonate concretions still retained their original source information, providing valuable insights into ancient biogeochemical processes during sediment burial and ancient seawater chemistry during the early Cambrian.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":400,"journal":{"name":"Organic Geochemistry","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 104876"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution and origin of higher diamondoids in the ultra-deep Paleozoic condensates of the Shunbei oilfield in the Tarim Basin, NW China","authors":"Rongzhen Qiao,&nbsp;Meijun Li,&nbsp;Donglin Zhang,&nbsp;Hong Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Higher diamondoids in the condensates of the Shunbei oilfield were analyzed using GC–MS. The findings indicate that the condensates in the Shunbei oilfield were subjected to a superimposed effect of secondary alterations, including biodegradation, hydrothermal alteration, evaporative fractionation, cracking, and TSR. High local concentrations of thiaadamantanes in oil may result from the interaction of H₂S, derived from Cambrian TSR, with Ordovician hydrocarbons, influenced by hydrothermal activities. Comprehensive analysis shows that TSR is local and limited in Ordovician reservoirs in the Shunbei oilfield and has no significant impact on oil chemistry. Comparative studies indicate that the diamondoid concentrations in condensates from the Shunbei oilfield have not been significantly impacted by biodegradation and evaporative fractionation. Parameters related to diamantanes can effectively characterize their geochemical characteristics and secondary alteration. A multi-parameter correlation heat map suggests that higher diamondoids in the condensates of the Shunbei oilfield are not due to high thermal evolution but have been altered by hydrothermal activity. The hydrothermal activity promotes the formation of higher diamondoids in the condensate. The higher diamondoids that are formed by hydrothermal activity offer a new perspective for studying hydrothermal processes. Additionally, this aids in studying the organic-inorganic interactions of ultra-deep organic fluids with their mineralogical and aqueous environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":400,"journal":{"name":"Organic Geochemistry","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 104883"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemistry Articles – August 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104865","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":400,"journal":{"name":"Organic Geochemistry","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 104865"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical evidences linking the Lower Cretaceous source rocks to the biodegraded bitumen seeps and tar sands in the Gulf of Guinea Basin","authors":"Abdulkareem Toyin ,&nbsp;Ningning Zhong ,&nbsp;Falilat Omotolani Idris ,&nbsp;Olabisi Adekeye ,&nbsp;Shengbao Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The source of biodegraded bitumen seeps and tar sands in the Nigerian axis of the Gulf of Guinea province has been a contentious issue for decades. The most prevalent opinion is that the biodegraded bitumen seeps are migration oils that were degraded by bacterial. In the present study, outcrop source rocks (Lower Cretaceous), core samples (Upper Cretaceous) from a shallow well-x, and bitumen seeps and tar sands from the eastern axis of the Dahomey Basin of Nigeria were analyzed. Rock-Eval™ pyrolysis show that the outcrop rocks are classified as having excellent-very good source quality; in contrast, those from well-x are classified as having only poor-fair quality. The cross plot of hydrogen index (HI) against T_max indicates that samples from the outcrops contain type II/III organic matter, whereas well samples contain type III organic matter and all source rocks are thermally immature, which is supported by vitrinite reflectance (R_o: 0.20–0.48 %), and biomarker maturity parameters (C₃₂ (S/S + R), MPI-I). In the bitumen seeps and tar sands, isoprenoids, <em>n</em>-alkanes, steranes and hopanes have been degraded, and tricyclic and tetracyclic terpanes are still mostly intact. In addition, C₃₀ hopane and homohopanes have been demethylated, and C₂₅ norhopanes are present in abundance, suggesting that the bitumen seeps and tar sands experienced heavy biodegradation in the range of PM-6 or greater. The distribution of 4,9-DMD, 4,8-DMD and 3,4-DMD diamondoids and the δ¹³C of saturate and aromatic fractions indicate that the bitumen seeps and tar sands were generated from Types II and III source rocks. The ratio of demethylated Ts/Tm indicates that the samples are low maturity and were generated from immature source rocks. Cross plots of tricyclic terpane ratios (C₂₅/C₂₆TT vs C₂₅TT/C₂₄TeT, C₂₃/C₂₁TT vs (C₁₉+₂₀)/C₂₃TT, and C₂₄TeT/C₂₄TeT + C₂₆TT vs (C₁₉+₂₀)/C₂₃TT) also reveal that the biodegraded bitumen seeps and tar sands are closely related to source rocks in outcrop groups 1 and 2. This conclusion is supported by the ternary plots of tricyclic terpanes, 4,9DMD, 4,8DMD and 3,4DMD diamondoids, and the cross plot of EAI against DMDI-1. The occurrence of exsudatinite in the outcrop source rocks in group 1, consistent with early hydrocarbon generation, and the low ratio of demethylated Ts/Tm (&lt;1) in the bitumen samples confirms that the biodegraded bitumen seeps and tar sands in the Nigerian Dahomey Basin were generated by the Lower Cretaceous source rocks in group 1. The study advances on the previous propositions on the source of bitumen seeps and tar sands and contributes our knowledge in the Gulf of Guinea Basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":400,"journal":{"name":"Organic Geochemistry","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 104866"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maturity characterization and formation mechanisms of nano-scale anisotropic pyrobitumen based on atomic force microscopy (AFM)","authors":"Zhaoxi Zuo ,&nbsp;Jian Cao ,&nbsp;Wenxuan Hu ,&nbsp;Ruijie Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Wang ,&nbsp;Suping Yao ,&nbsp;Bing Luo ,&nbsp;Jingkun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Highly evolved pyrobitumen is an important and realistic object for maturity characterization of ancient and deeply buried organic matter, but measurement of its reflectance is challenging due to its strong optical anisotropy and nano-scale relief. Here we conducted a case study in the Sinian (Ediacaran) Dengying Formation of the Sichuan Basin, China. High-resolution, three-dimensional, morphological imaging by atomic force microscopy (AFM), laser Raman (LRM) spectroscopy, and reflectance studies were conducted on the reservoir pyrobitumen. Our results show that Young’s modulus and adhesion, which are mechanical maturity parameter, provides effective characterization of maturity. The increase in Young’s modulus of pyrobitumen lags that of the vitrinite, given that pyrobitumen is formed by oil cracking and is more hydrogen-rich than vitrinite. A quantitative relationship between Young’s modulus, adhesion and reflectance in bright and dark areas of pyrobitumen was established, which can be used for maturity characterization. The changes in Young’s modulus of the pyrobitumen is related to the condensation of organic matter and directional arrangement of microcrystals. Young’s modulus of organic matter is a robust mechanical maturity index at high organic matter maturity (<em>R</em>_o &gt; 2.0 %), but it is important to pay attention to the influence of anisotropy. Compared to Young’s modulus, adhesion is less affected by anisotropy. The nano-mechanics such as Young’s modulus and adhesion will be new maturity indicator in addition to conventional optical and spectroscopic method. The nano-mechanical properties of organic matter are expected to be applied to maturity indicators and macerals classification in the field of organic petrology in the further research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":400,"journal":{"name":"Organic Geochemistry","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 104879"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annotation of DOM metabolomes with an ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry molecular formula library","authors":"Nicole R. Coffey ,&nbsp;Christian Dewey ,&nbsp;Kieran Manning ,&nbsp;Yuri Corilo ,&nbsp;William Kew ,&nbsp;Lydia Babcock-Adams ,&nbsp;Amy M. McKenna ,&nbsp;Rhona K. Stuart ,&nbsp;Rene M. Boiteau","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increased accessibility of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics instrumentation and software have expanded their use in studies of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and exometabolites released by microbes. Current strategies to annotate metabolomes generally rely on matching tandem MS/MS spectra to databases of authentic standards. However, spectral matching approaches typically have low annotation rates for DOM. An alternative approach is to annotate molecular formula based on accurate mass and isotopic fine structure measurements that can be obtained from state-of-the-art ultrahigh resolution Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), but instrument accessibility for large metabolomic studies is generally limited. Here, we describe a strategy to annotate exometabolomes obtained from lower resolution LC-MS systems by matching metabolomic features to a molecular formula library generated for a representative sample analyzed by LC 21T- FT-ICR MS. The molecular formula library approach successfully annotated 53% of exometabolome features of the marine diatom <em>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</em> – a nearly ten-fold increase over the 6% annotation rate achieved using a conventional MS/MS approach. There was 94% agreement between assigned formula that were annotated with both approaches, and mass error analysis of the discrepancies suggested that the FT-ICR MS formula assignments were more reliable. Differences in the exometabolome of <em>P. tricornutum</em> grown under iron replete and iron limited conditions revealed 668 significant metabolites, including a suite of peptide-like molecules released by <em>P. tricornutum</em> in response to iron deficiency. These findings demonstrate the utility of FT-ICR MS formula libraries for extending the accuracy and comprehensiveness of metabolome annotations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":400,"journal":{"name":"Organic Geochemistry","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 104880"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abiotic chlorination of organic matter in the soil environment: A simulation study","authors":"Fanfan Ju ,&nbsp;Liuzhu Chen ,&nbsp;Yaoyao Kong ,&nbsp;Teng Ma ,&nbsp;Chi Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhanqiang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chlorination of organic matter occurs naturally and is an important part of the chlorine cycle. To investigate the likelihood that inorganic oxidants, (Fe(NO₃)₃, H₂O₂, and hydroxyl radicals (·OH), frequently present in soil environments, could promote the synthesis of chlorinated organic matter in the soil environment, litterfall, humus, and soil (0–20 cm) were collected and used in laboratory based simulation experiments. Results indicate that these inorganic oxidants might promote the synthesis of chlorinated organic matter, but their impact varied due to varying suitable reaction circumstances. Litterfall was the most sensitive to chlorination, likely caused by the presence of abundant amounts of labile organic matter, and the chlorination process was limited by its Cl⁻ level. Hydroxyl radicals showed a dual effect (producing or degrading chlorinated organic matter) on the three materials assessed, which was controlled by both ·OH concentration and the stability of organic matter, and the dual effect was evident in order of litterfall &gt; humus &gt; soil. The Fe(NO₃)₃-mediated chlorination of organic matter was only significant in litterfall due to its labile organic matter composition, while the peroxidative reaction caused by H₂O₂ in the producing chlorinated organic matter was only obvious in soil, most likely due to the presence of metals, facilitating the process. Combined this study sheds light on the chlorine cycle by verifying that inorganic oxidants might mediate abiotic chlorination of organic matter in a natural soil environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":400,"journal":{"name":"Organic Geochemistry","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 104877"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of fluid pressure on the occurrence of multi-phase oil and accumulation of light oil and condensate from crude oil cracking: Insights from modified gold tube pyrolysis experiments","authors":"Jun Shi ,&nbsp;Yun Li ,&nbsp;Wenmin Jiang ,&nbsp;Yongqiang Xiong ,&nbsp;Hua Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An oil with an initial equivalent maturity of 0.74 %<em>R</em>o, was pyrolyzed in a closed gold tube pyrolysis system with added silica sand and no added water under simulated conditions spanning 0.7 %–2.1 % EasyRo. The internal fluid pressure, ranging from 0 to &gt;150 MPa at individual maturities states of 1.0 %, 1.5 % and 2.1 % EasyRo, was controlled by increasing sample mass and setting external confining pressure (50, 100 and 150 MPa). Results indicate that the increasing fluid pressure initially promoted and then gradually retarded crude oil cracking. The free-radical reaction mechanism (hydrogen radical supply), free space of vessels, and characteristics of pressure medium control the influence of fluid pressure on the chemical reaction process. The decreasing free space of volume-constant vessels and the difference of hydrogen radicals supplied in various thermal maturity stages together gradually reduce the reaction rate of crude oil cracking. Thus, the yields of methane, wet gas, and light and heavy hydrocarbons increase at low fluid pressure ranges and then decrease at high-pressure conditions. Moreover, the physical controls of fluid phase behaviors include the evolution of fluid phase states influencing the increased rates of fluid pressure and fluid pressure influencing the production of multi-phase hydrocarbons. The increase in fluid pressure is faster in the saturated gas–liquid phase than in the unsaturated phase; thus, the phase behaviors induce the yields of product change. The increasing fluid pressure induces the occurrence of multi-phase hydrocarbons and accumulation of light oil and condensate. This study introduces a novel approach to investigate the influence of fluid pressure on reservoir oil cracking, emphasising phase behavior analysis, and shedding light on the evolution of organic matter in deep and ultra-deep strata.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":400,"journal":{"name":"Organic Geochemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 104864"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142151851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemistry Articles – July 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104853","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":400,"journal":{"name":"Organic Geochemistry","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 104853"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142228824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}