Journal of Medicine, University of Santo Tomas最新文献

{"title":"The Need to Vaccinate Against COVID-19","authors":"T. Sim","doi":"10.35460/2546-1621.2022-0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35460/2546-1621.2022-0058","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, now in the third year of the pandemic, COVID-19 deaths have exceeded more than 6 million. As new subvariants emerge and spread, vaccines work to limit the worst of COVID-19 and continue to be important. Restraints are lifted, and COVID-19 may be seen as done for some, but COVID-19 is not yet done with others, no matter how badly everyone wants it to end. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. The protection provided by vaccines and booster doses offer a method of mitigating severe clinical outcomes and mortality. As debates over additional booster shots for COVID-19 intensify, many researchers are looking to the universal coronavirus vaccine model as a guide for managing future variants of SARS-CoV-2 and preempt the next COVID-19 surge.","PeriodicalId":399180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, University of Santo Tomas","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126582621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telemedicine Screening of the Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy Among Type 2 Diabetic Filipinos in the Community","authors":"Jessica Daza, Jocelyn Sy, M. V. Rondaris, John Philip Uy","doi":"10.35460/2546-1621.2022-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35460/2546-1621.2022-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To determine the feasibility of telemedicine screening for diabetic retinopathy in a community setting and to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among Filipino patients with type 2 diabetes in the community. Study Design: Cross-sectional study among patients with type 2 diabetes in six community health centers in an urban city in the Philippines. Materials and methods: Subjects were examined from November 2018 to December 2018. A three-field non-mydriatic 45’ fundus photographs were taken for each patient and photographs were uploaded in cloud storage and read by a retina specialist in a tertiary hospital for assessment of diabetic retinopathy and grading of the fundus photographs. The results were sent back to local health centers. Results: A total of 387 eyes of 195 persons were examined. Overall, 288 out of 387 eyes (95.36%) had gradable quality fundus photo (grade 3 and higher) and did not need eye dilation. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among the respondents was 25.26% - 3.16% had mild diabetic retinopathy, 15.79% had moderate diabetic retinopathy, 3.68% had severe diabetic retinopathy, and 3.68% had proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Other fundus findings noted include hypertensive retinopathy glaucomatous optic nerve, age-related macular degeneration, posterior vitreous detachment, clinically significant macular edema, and epiretinal membrane. Conclusion: Due to the significant number of patients with diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetics in the community, telemedicine screening was a feasible alternative to dilated fundus examination and may be considered as part of the local health program to prevent blindness due to diabetes.","PeriodicalId":399180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, University of Santo Tomas","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133606215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Aeroallergen Sensitization on Symptom Severity, Pulmonary Function, and Bronchodilator Response in Children With Bronchial Asthma","authors":"Glaiza M Madulara, Agnes G. Andaya","doi":"10.35460/2546-1621.2019-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35460/2546-1621.2019-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Allergen sensitization, symptom severity, pulmonary function test, and bronchodilator response are important in the diagnosis and treatment of asthma. However, the relationship between these factors remains unclear. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between aeroallergen sensitization and asthma severity, pulmonary function, and bronchodilator response among pediatric patients with bronchial asthma. Methods: This was a prospective study where 155 pediatric patients aged 7–18 years old with bronchial asthma were recruited from Outpatient Clinics. Patients who met the inclusion criteria proceeded with spirometry and aeroallergen skin prick test. Results: There was a significant degree of sensitization, wherein 100% of the patients had sensitization to one or more aeroallergens. Among these children, 106 (68%) were polysensitized. The polysensitized group had more severe and persistent asthma severity profile (p<0.001) and worse pulmonary function (p<0.001). The frequency of abnormal pre-bronchodilator lung function of the polysensitized group was higher than the monosensitized group (p<0.001). A positive bronchodilator response was higher among polysensitized children as compared to monosensitized children (p<0.001). Sensitization to Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and dog correlated with impairment of both the large airways and distal small airways while sensitization to cat, cockroach, and horse correlated only with impairment of the large airways (p<0.05). Patients sensitized to D. farinae, D. pteronyssinus, cat and dog had significant bronchodilator response (p<0.05). Conclusion: Polysensitized asthmatic children had a more persistent and severe asthma profile, worse pulmonary function, and higher bronchodilator reversibility compared to the monosensitized group.","PeriodicalId":399180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, University of Santo Tomas","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122598384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dextrose Prolotherapy for Supraspinatus Partial Tear: A Case Report","authors":"Teinny Suryadi, A. Suhaimi, Frandy Susatia, Wahida Ratnawati, Winny Winaldy, Lin Chia-Hung","doi":"10.35460/2546-1621.2022-0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35460/2546-1621.2022-0054","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Rotator cuff (RC) tears account for about 20% of RC disorders and presents with severe shoulder pain that can significantly impact activities of daily life. Case report: A 34-year-old male with a history of chronic right shoulder pain presents with tenderness at the lateral shoulder, positive subacromial impingement tests, painful end range of motion and pain score of 6. Ultrasound shows a partial supraspinatus tear at the bursal side. The patient was treated with 15% dextrose to the supraspinatus tendon intrasubstance 3 times, for 4 weeks. Result: Significant pain improvement after the first treatment (VAS 1), with pain-free full range of motion until 4 weeks after treatment and sonographic evidence of supraspinatus tendon healing. Discussion: Dextrose concentrations higher than 12.5% produce an osmotic gradient which stimulates the accumulation of growth factors and inflammatory cells, which in turn can initiate the wound healing process. In this case we can find that the healing process translates to good clinical outcome by ultrasound imaging. Conclusion: Dextrose prolotherapy can be used as an option for supraspinatus tendon partial tear with good results.","PeriodicalId":399180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, University of Santo Tomas","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125547397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dupuytren’s Contracture in a Filipino Male: a Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"T. M. P. Evangelista, J. Pua","doi":"10.35460/2546-1621.2020-0080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35460/2546-1621.2020-0080","url":null,"abstract":"Dupuytren’s disease (DD) is a heritable, benign, chronic fibroproliferative process which affects the connective tissue of the palmar fascia. DD is rare among Asians with a prevalence of 0.004 to 0.032 percent. There are only 74 cases of DD among Asians identified in literature, and there are no published cases from the Philippines. We discuss a rare case of DD in a 60-year-old male Filipino presenting with bilateral loss of range of motion of the middle, ring, and little finger of both hands.","PeriodicalId":399180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, University of Santo Tomas","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131578278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leigh Syndrome in a Filipino Child: A Case Report","authors":"M. Sy, M. Moral-Valencia","doi":"10.35460/2546-1621.2021-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35460/2546-1621.2021-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Leigh disease and Leigh-like syndrome are a heterogenous group of neurodegenerative disorders involving any level of the neuraxis and may present with a variety of clinical presentations, prominent among them is psychomotor regression. Despite the remarkable number of established disease genes and novel mutations being discovered, many cases of Leigh syndrome remain without a genetic diagnosis, indicating that there are still more disease genes to be identified. Case: Here we present a case of a two and a half-year-old girl who presented with delayed acquisition of developmental milestones with subsequent regression, ataxia, and dyskinesia. Her work-up showed raised blood lactate levels and lactate peak in MR spectroscopy. Mitochondria genome showed absence of mitochondrial DNA mutation, while whole exome sequence analysis revealed a novel dynein gene variant, p.A1577S. Her parents underwent genetic testing as well, and her father also had the same dynein mutation, however, is non-symptomatic. She had an older brother who initially presented with ophthalmoplegia and eventually developed psychomotor regression. He subsequently expired from respiratory failure after almost 2 years from initial presentation. Both siblings were diagnosed with Leigh syndrome. Conclusion: The diagnosis of Leigh syndrome remains based on characteristic clinical and radiologic findings. However, a specific defect must be identified if reliable genetic counseling is to be provided.","PeriodicalId":399180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, University of Santo Tomas","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125540711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of Urologic Disease Among 95 Consecutive Filipino Patients Presenting With Asymptomatic Microscopic Hematuria","authors":"R. Uy, D. Bolong","doi":"10.35460/2546-1621.2022-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35460/2546-1621.2022-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: One of the common clinical problems warranting urologic evaluation is asymptomatic microscopic hematuria (AMH). According to some studies, it has prevalence as high as 38% with a possibility of urologic disease or malignancy around 23%. The presence of AMH would be quite a dilemma to a urologist in terms of how aggressive urologic evaluation and follow up is recommended. The present study was to determine the incidence of significant urologic diseases among Filipino patients with AMH on initial evaluation and on follow-up. This study would also determine if there would be a significant difference in terms of incidence of urologic disease among patients less than 35 years old and more than 35 years old with AMH. Methods: A total number of 95 patients (38 male, 57 female) were included in this study. All patients presented with AMH. They were grouped in terms of age, gender, and duration of follow-up. All patients underwent cystoscopy and a diagnostic imaging (ultrasound, CT urogram, or CT stonogram) on initial evaluation. Patients then were followed up. They were divided into two groups, those less than 2 years of follow-up and those more than 2 years of follow-up. Excluded from the study are those patients with gross hematuria, on indwelling catheter, with urinary tract infection, with previous malignancy, history of pelvic irradiation, and those who did not undergo cystoscopy, or any urologic imaging. Results: Out of 95 patients with AMH who underwent urologic evaluation, the incidence of urologic disease was noted to be 12% (11 out of 95). There was no malignancy related cause of AMH discovered. Age and gender failed to show any significant difference in terms of developing urologic disease. Among patients with negative findings on initial urologic evaluation, no urologic disease was noted even on follow-up. Among those with positive findings on initial evaluation, no new urologic disease was discovered on follow-up. Conclusion: AMH has a low incidence of urologic disease or any GUT malignancy. Age and gender alone are not sufficient risk factors warranting an invasive endoscopic procedure. They are recommended only to those patients with high risk of urologic disease and can be avoided in majority of the population. We would recommend a kidney, urinary bladder, and prostate (KUBP) ultrasound as the initial imaging of choice since the only findings noted on evaluation through imaging were just two cases of nephrolithiasis, one via CT stonogram and the other through a CT urogram, which can also be diagnosed with a regular KUBP ultrasound. This would be more cost-effective as well as beneficial in terms of the patient’s risk regarding radiation and contrast-related effects. Clinicians may decrease unnecessary repeated urologic evaluation and follow-ups on patients with AMH, as the results of the study failed to show any significant difference in developing urologic disease for patients with persistent AMH on initial assessment and even","PeriodicalId":399180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, University of Santo Tomas","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130823440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Study: Use of Decentralized Clinical Technologies in Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms","authors":"Nadina Jose, Avik Pal","doi":"10.35460/2546-1621.2022-0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35460/2546-1621.2022-0052","url":null,"abstract":"A clinical study with 46 participants was started and completed at the height of the Covid-19 pandemic with the use of decentralized clinical trial (DCT) methodologies. All participants and the study team remained safe and were able to conduct the study efficiently. Patients were able to provide consent electronically, received experimental supplements and were given the option to provide feedback through the system’s telemedicine feature.","PeriodicalId":399180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, University of Santo Tomas","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131574050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Difference in Risk Factors Between Adults With Early-Onset (<40 Years Old) Versus Late-Onset (≥40 Years Old) Type 2 Diabetes in a University Hospital From January 2015-December 2017","authors":"M. Caro, E. Cunanan","doi":"10.35460/2546-1621.2018-0100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35460/2546-1621.2018-0100","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes will remain a threat to global health. No longer just a disorder of mature age, there is now a well-recognized trend towards the young. Early diagnosis leads to early intervention and prevention of complications in this susceptible but vital portion of the population. Objective: To compare the risk factors predisposing adults to early-onset (<40 years old) versus late-onset (≥40 years old) type 2 diabetes at the University of Santo Tomas Hospital from January 2015-December 2017. Methods: This is a retrospective review of medical records. All adult patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria from January 2015 to December 2017 were included in the study. Data from charts were reviewed and analyzed. Results: The early-onset group had a mean age of 34 years, while the late-onset group had a mean age of 51 years. The early-onset diabetics were mostly obese, had higher HbA1c, worse lipid profiles, and had a positive family history of diabetes. Only a BMI of >27.50 kg/m2 was found to be a significant risk factor contributing to early-onset of diabetes. Myocardial infarction and nephropathy were more frequent in the late-onset group while retinopathy was more common in the early-onset group. Lastly, only retinopathy and neuropathy were significantly associated with longer duration of diabetes. Conclusion: The mean age of Filipinos was at least 5 years younger than the studies done on Caucasians. Most patients in the early-onset group were obese and had worse metabolic profiles. Retinopathy was more common in the early-onset group, while myocardial infarction and neuropathy were more common in the latter.","PeriodicalId":399180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, University of Santo Tomas","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122430018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geriatric Medicine in the Medical Curriculum: A MUST in the Globally Aging World","authors":"L. Mercado-Asis, M. L. Domingo-Maglinao","doi":"10.35460/2546-1621.2022-0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35460/2546-1621.2022-0061","url":null,"abstract":"Geriatrics is a branch of medicine concerned with diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases in older people and problems specific to aging. The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that the number of people aged 65 or older is projected to grow from an estimated 524 million in 2010 to nearly 1.5 billion in 2050. The burden of diseases in the aging population will dramatically impact healthcare expenses in low- and middle-income countries and even developed ones. A preventive approach is essential. The role of medical institutions and inclusion of geriatrics in the medical curriculum have become important. However, incorporating geriatrics into the medical curriculum is associated with various issues and challenges: compact pre-existing curriculum, attitudes of teachers and students, and shortage of teaching geriatricians. An individualized institutional approach to curricular integration guided by the American Geriatrics Society’s minimum required competencies for the undergraduate will circumvent these challenges.","PeriodicalId":399180,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, University of Santo Tomas","volume":"699 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129374890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}