AARN: Migration (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Do Refugee Students Affect the Academic Achievement of Peers? Evidence from a Large Urban School District","authors":"Camila N. Morales","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3731794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3731794","url":null,"abstract":"Much of the recent debate on refugee resettlement focuses on its perceived adverse effects on local communities. However, there is sparse credible evidence to either support or refute this perception. This paper contributes to an emerging literature on the externalities of refugee integration by providing evidence on how this population affects the academic performance of incumbent students. Leveraging variation in the share of refugees within schools and across grades, I find that increasing the share of grade-level refugees by 1 percentage point leads to a 0.01 standard deviation increase in average math test scores. While I find no effect on average English Language Arts (ELA) test scores, using nonlinear-in-means specifications I find evidence of negative spillovers in ELA performance among low-achieving students and positive spillovers among high-achieving students.","PeriodicalId":399000,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Migration (Topic)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114415902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-Demographic Factors influencing the Sustainable Development of Carpathian Euroregion: Case of Tourism Development","authors":"V. Humeniuk, N. Kaziuka, Y. Sheketa","doi":"10.33002/NR2581.6853.040108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33002/NR2581.6853.040108","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a number of demographic factors influencing the processes of sustainable economic development in particular context of tourism in the Carpathian Euroregion have been analyzed. It is generally articulated that tourism is one of the priority economic activities recommended for this region. The socio-demographic changes can be a driving force for creating and solving existing and future socio-economic problems. A comparative analysis of socio-demographic indicators such as birth rate, mortality, median age of population, average life expectancy, migration processes, etc. has been carried out for five countries constituting the Carpathian Euroregion. It is observed that demographic trends have become persistently negative with long-term consequences, they are manifested in low life expectancy, high mortality, rapidly ageing population. The public policy in Carpathian Euroregion should be aimed at enha ncing social development, reviving the family and serving the interests of people. It is impossible to solve these problems without overcoming poverty, income growth, impro ving the welfare of the entire population and reforming the labour market.","PeriodicalId":399000,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Migration (Topic)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129713409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between the Lines: Immigration to the UK between the Referendum and Brexit","authors":"J. Portes","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3759590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3759590","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the impact that the Brexit referendum and Brexit process has had on migration policies and trends in the UK and in Europe, as well as the impact on EU citizens in the UK. After an introduction covering the interaction of Brexit and immigration, the paper describes the issues relating to EU citizens in the UK and analyses recent migration trends. Section 5 then discusses public opinion with respect to migration, and section 6 analyses the “points-based” immigration system introduced by the UK government at the end of the Brexit transition. Finally, the conclusion discusses future policy issues in the light of both Brexit and the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":399000,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Migration (Topic)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132248592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of School Closure on Household Labor Supply: Evidence from Rural China","authors":"Gang Xie, Lei Zhang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3464744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3464744","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the effects of school closure on household labor supply exploiting China’s large-scale rural primary school closing during the early 2000s. Using the CHNS 1991-2006 and CHIP 2007-2008 datasets and a difference-in-differences approach, we find that school closure increases female total annual income by nearly 40 percent, which comes from increases in wage income. We further show that the significant positive impacts on female income are attributable to their migration responses: females tend to engage in temporary rural-urban migration to care for children following school closure. We find no effects on male income and migration decisions. Our findings support the unitary model of household.","PeriodicalId":399000,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Migration (Topic)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114195063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Влияние миграции на мировую культуру: опыт XXI века (The Impact of Migration on World Culture in XXI c.)","authors":"M. Barbashin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3608793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3608793","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian abstract:</b> Целью исследования является анализ соотношения миграционных и социокультурных процессов. Используя комплексную методологию в виде соединения институционального и социокультурного подходов, в статье удалось показать важность учета социокультурных факторов при планировании, разработке и проведении миграционной политики. <br><br>Предложенная социокультурная интерпретация миграции позволяет выделить социокультурные аспекты миграции как важный показатель экономического развития и четче оценить возможность социокультурных конфликтов между приезжими и коренным населением. Более того, данный подход показывает, что в оценках миграции необходимо перейти от учета численности населения, покинувшего или приехавшего на территорию, к критерию финансово-экономической оценки утраты или обретения соответствующего социокультурного капитала.<br><br>Полученные выводы о необходимости учета социокультурных факторов миграционных процессов, сохранения культурного диалога и приоритете аксиологических оснований в миграционной политике по сравнению с экономическими соображениями могут использоваться как в регулировании миграционных отношений на национальном уровне, так и в деятельности ключевых глобальных институтов, регулирующих миграционные потоки. В частности, перспективным представляется их использование в деятельности органов таких международных организаций, ответственных за реализацию миграционной политики, как ЮНЕСКО и ООН.<br><br><b>English abstract:</b> The target of the research is to analyze migration and sociocultural processes. The author believes in importance of taking into account some sociocultural factors to implement migration policy effectively.","PeriodicalId":399000,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Migration (Topic)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125270177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Расселение мигрантов в подмосковном городе Котельники (Resettlement of Migrants in a City Near Moscow Kotelniki)","authors":"Albina S. Andreeva, N. Ivanova, E. Varshaver","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3703544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3703544","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b> В данной работе представлены результаты исследования подмосковного города Котельники, выполненного методом кейс-стади. Цель исследования состоит в том, чтобы, описав паттерны расселения мигрантов и немигрантов в этом городе-спутнике Москвы, ответить на вопрос, сформировался ли в Котельниках, которым СМИ нередко пророчат превращение в московский Гарлем, этномиграционный анклав. Результаты исследования включают в себя три блока: (1) представление урбанистической истории Котельников и типологии застройки, (2) описание типологии жителей и ее связи с типологией застройки, (3) этнографическое описание одной из точек концентрации мигрантов в Котельниках. Результаты исследования показывают, что если в домах советской застройки мигрантов немного, то в новостройках сложились зоны резидентной концентрации мигрантов. Хотя в этих локациях можно наблюдать постепенное снижение доли русских жителей и увеличение доли мигрантов, основным фактором выступает не неприятие мигрантов как таковое, а неудовлетворительное состояние инфраструктуры, экологии, нехватка мест в школах и детских садах, что, в свою очередь, жители связывают как с неграмотной политикой властей, так и с масштабным притоком мигрантов.<br><br><b>English Abstract:</b> This paper presents the results of a case-study of the Moscow satellite city called Kotelniki. This city is depicted in the mass media as the Moscow Harlem, which implies that the city has turned into an ethno-migrant enclave. The goal of the study is to check this image by description of the residential patterns of migrants and non-migrants in the city. The results of the study include three main blocks: (1) presentation of the urban history of Kotelniki including a typology of housing development, (2) description of the typology of the city dwellers and its connection with the typology of the housing, (3) ethnographic description of one of the locations with high concentration of migrants in the city. The results show that if the buildings constructed in the Soviet time are rarely populated by migrants, the recently constructed buildings have attracted high concentrations of migrants. Even though in these latter areas one can observe decrease of the share of Russians and increase of the share of migrants, the main factor is not anti-immigration sentiment per se but unsatisfactory conditions of the infrastructure, poor ecological characteristics, overcrowding in the kindergartens and schools. Non-migrants connect these factors with both incompetent politics of the authorities and large-scale immigration.","PeriodicalId":399000,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Migration (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130657711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network-based Connectedness and the Diffusion of Cultural Traits","authors":"Riccardo Turati","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3580396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3580396","url":null,"abstract":"This paper empirically investigates the impact of network-based connectedness on the diffusion of cultural traits. Using Gallup World Poll data on 148 countries on individual connectedness, opinions and beliefs, we find that natives who have a connection abroad are associated with higher levels of social behavior, religiosity and gender-egalitarian attitudes. Due to the endogenous nature of the variables, we strongly mitigate the threat of selection into connectedness by showing robust estimates even after controlling for broad measure of connectedness and performing propensity score and covariate matching techniques. Statistical tests are carefully implemented to quantify the selection threat of unobserved factors, which appears negligible. Our evidence shows that connectedness leads to cultural convergence across regions, while increases cultural heterogeneity within regions. Exploring the mechanisms by which these effects occur, we provide evidence that the effects are precisely estimated among less educated natives and that connectedness affects economic outcomes through remittances. We estimate differential cultural effects based on the connection’s country of residence, suggesting a destination-specific transfer of norms. Overall, the effects on social behavior are sizeable at the global level, once simulations based on estimated coefficients are performed. Although robust and certainly not negligible, gender-egalitarian and pro-religiosity effects of connectedness are limited.","PeriodicalId":399000,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Migration (Topic)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128020000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equal Treatment of Mobile Persons in the Context of a Social Market Economy","authors":"C. Jacqueson, F. Pennings","doi":"10.18352/ulr.511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18352/ulr.511","url":null,"abstract":"Free movement of persons is a fundamental freedom and equal treatment its necessary corollary. Yet, both principles have come under pressure in the past decades. This article investigates three forms of mobility within the European Union (EU): workers, economically inactive persons and posted workers. In respect of all three categories, there is a tension between social and market interests, which appears most clearly when comparing their right of equal treatment. The balancing between market and social values is at the core of this research. We expect that the social market economy will, on the one hand, explain the ‘why’ in discussing the right of equal treatment of free movers and its limitations. On the other hand, the social market economy also has a normative dimension, which enables us to discuss perspectives on how equal treatment can develop, and make some propositions. We argue that the social component in the market economy requires a revision of what is seen as fair competition in the direction of outlawing social dumping. We also find that the persistence of the market elements pleads for the right to free movement of persons, which does not substantially disturb the economy of the host Member State.","PeriodicalId":399000,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Migration (Topic)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122946013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Road to Integration? Immigrants Demand for Informal (& Formal) Education","authors":"N. Coniglio, Rezart Hoxhaj, H. Jayet","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3391075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3391075","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we study the allocation of time devoted to informal learning and education, i.e. those activities carried out during leisure time and outside formal education courses which boost individuals’ human and social capital. For immigrants the private investment in these activities is likely to have relevant external effects as informal learning and education enhances the likelihood of greater socio-economic integration in the host society. We first develop a simple theoretical framework, which allows us to highlight the different constrains/opportunity costs faced by immigrants as compared with natives. Then, we empirically investigate the determinants of participation in informal education using the American Time Use Data (ATUS; period 2003-2015) which contains detailed information on daily time budgets of a large sample of immigrants and natives in the US. Consistently with a theoretical model of time allocation we find evidence that immigrants are more likely to engage in informal education and, conditionally on participation, they allocate more time to these activities. Over time, immigrants show a higher degree of assimilation into the host society. Our results also highlight heterogeneous patterns across gender.","PeriodicalId":399000,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Migration (Topic)","volume":"57 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114037832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"We Are Going to Build a Wall and Institutional Legitimacy Will Pay For It","authors":"Nick McGuire","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3380075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3380075","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will analyze President Trump’s use of the NEA and one of its accompanying statutes, the Military Construction Codification Act, to secure funding to build a border wall. More broadly, this paper aims to trace the complexities within the broader system of the NEA and its associated statutes (“the NEA+ Framework”) and to critique its redistribution of power between the political branches. Part I traces the history of the president’s national emergency powers from the early days of the Republic, through the events that led to the NEA+ Framework, to the current doctrine. Part II introduces the actual authority that President Trump has invoked to secure funding, one of the statutory grants of power accessible via the NEA. Part III examines the various challenges that await the Trump Administration working within the NEA+ Framework, including issues of justiciability, statutory construction, and constitutionality. Part IV looks not at legality of the specific actions within the NEA+ Framework, but at the statutory system itself as an unconstitutional delegation of legislative authority that perverts the separation of power principles fundamental to the United States Constitution.","PeriodicalId":399000,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Migration (Topic)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115090690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}