{"title":"The Effect of the Fluid Film Variable Viscosity on the Hydrostatic Thrust Spherical Bearing Performance in the Presence of Centripetal Inertia and Surface Roughness Part 2, Recessed Fitted Bearing","authors":"Ahmad Waguih Elescandarany","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMEA.20180603.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMEA.20180603.15","url":null,"abstract":"The study deals with the fluid viscosity variation, the centripetal inertia and the bearing surface roughness affecting the externally pressurized thrust spherical bearing performance where the partial differential equation of the temperature gradient previously derived from the fluid governing equations, is integrated and applied to this type of bearings to calculate and predict temperature distribution along the fluid film. In this part of the research, the recessed fitted type of bearings has been studied deriving mathematical expressions that not only cover this configuration but also cover the fitted type of this bearing with its different configurations and showing also the recess effect on the bearing performance. The results showed the effect of the viscosity variation on the pressure, the load caring capacity, the fluid flow rate, the frictional torque, the friction factor, the power factor, the stiffness factor and the central pressure ratio as well as the effect of the speed parameter and the eccentricity on the temperature rise. Applying these derived mathematical expressions, which could be considered as a general solution for the fitted type, an optimum design for the fitted type with its different configurations (with and without recess; hemispherical and partial hemispherical seats) has been performed. Using the same bearing dimensions, the application of these equations proved the excellence of the aforementioned optimum design of this bearing in our previous papers where the temperature of the outlet flow was less than 14 degrees centigrade over its inlet temperature.","PeriodicalId":398842,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132353525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Simulation Study on Energy Consumption and Cost Analysis of Hybrid Electric Motorcycle","authors":"N. V. Trang, P. Anh, H. Thinh","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMEA.S.2018060401.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMEA.S.2018060401.11","url":null,"abstract":"Recent years have seen the development of the hybrid electric motorcycle in order to reduce pollutant emissions and the fossil-fuel consumption of transportation. This paper presents a research of energy consumption and essential cost of innovative technology that is applied on two wheels motorcycle based on the platform of Honda Lead 110cc. The front wheel is replaced by a DC electric hub motor powered by lithium-ion battery. The rear wheel is driven by drive train integrated with a continuously variable transmission as its origin. Both of them are able to provide propulsion torque separately or simultaneously. Through simulations of vehicle driving range using popular driving cycles, it is demonstrated that there is considerable benefit in fuel economy. The plug – in hybrid structure without generator is effective choice to renovate a traditional motorcycle in traffic condition of Vietnamese cities. The fuel consumption of plug – in hybrid motorcycle can be 0.567 l/100 km less than original in case of rider only. The results show that performance characteristics of the plug – in hybrid motorcycle are likely to achieve the desired acceptance that original one currently achieve. This study offers a favorable support for further development of hybrid electric motorcycle.","PeriodicalId":398842,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122556722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analytical Solution of Stiffness for a Corner-Fillet Leaf-Spring Type Flexure Hinge with a Long Fatigue Life","authors":"Li Ruiqi, W. Baisheng, Chen Xin, Y. Zhijun","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMEA.20180603.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMEA.20180603.14","url":null,"abstract":"Flexure hinges as the displacement guiding and amplifying mechanism or sensing component are widely used for micro-actuators and sensors. However, the existing flexure hinges, leaf-spring or notch type, cause serious stress concentration which severely weaken the fatigue life of compliance mechanism. Therefore, developing long fatigue life flexure hinges is very important for high working frequency actuators and sensors, such as fast-tool-servo. Corner-fillet leaf-spring type flexure hinge could provide large displacement with lower stress. Stiffness expressions of it with both fixed-fixed and fixed-guided boundary conditions are derived by using Castigliano’s theorem. The main influence factors for stress concentration are investigated and the formulas of stress concentration factor are obtained in terms of ratio of fillet radius to the minimum thickness. These analytical formulas have been verified by comparing with finite element analysis (FEA) results. Stress-life method is chosen to research the influence of fillet radius on fatigue life and the results indicate fillet radius can improve fatigue life of flexure hinge effectively. The proposed analytical solution is the fundamental of optimal design of a leaf-spring type flexure hinge based mechanism with fatigue life constraints.","PeriodicalId":398842,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129762359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research and Development of Economical CNC Software for 2D Lean Friction Stir Welding Machine","authors":"D. Balla, Zhou Hu, Xu Chi","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMEA.20180603.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMEA.20180603.13","url":null,"abstract":"This project is developing a two-dimensional friction stir machine, relatively low cost to achieve four axis friction stir welding equipment with real-time servo control, where the corresponding trajectory planning function in cam is relatively independent by making a full use of Galil motion controller has a strong multi axis linkage control capability and fast real-time communication capabilities and the Galil motion controllet G code analysis software module is developped. This paper is studying the trajectory planning software system design and development of friction stir for different trajectories in the plan and is aiming to solve the motion trajectory control problem with complex welding path. A deep study of three polynomial spline function trajectory planner is done, and the complex motion trajectory of the multi axis welding machine controlled by acceleration and speed is realized. The micro arc transition approximation method is applied to optimize the inflection point with abrupt change of track path and achieve smooth inflection motion.","PeriodicalId":398842,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114806119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modification and Manufacturing of Cereal Crop Harvesting Machine","authors":"Seleshi Tilahun Tiruneh","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMEA.20180603.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMEA.20180603.12","url":null,"abstract":"Today the development of agricultural sector is increasing from year to year. The rice, wheat and other cereals are the focus of many farmers in Ethiopia. But to harvest on time the cereals, intensive human power is needed. Most of the time students starting from elementary level up to university level participate on harvesting of cereals due to unbalance rainfall. To solve this problem, harvesting machines are very essential. Harvesting machinery or equipment is a mechanical device used for harvesting different types of crops. The use of modern tractors, combine harvesters and related heavy machineries is still very limited in Ethiopia. On the other hand, a rising trend in the import of tractors and harvesters is being observed as of recent years. Small-scale farmers on their part are looking more into the use of small mechanically-powered equipment both for crop production and post-harvest activities. From the available machines in the world, different cereal crop harvesting machines were assessed. Using different selecting criteria mower is selected. The design and economic analysis is performed for the selected harvesting machine. Different parts of the machine are designed including material selection and different force analysis like bending, shear stress. Finally parts and assembly drawings are drawn and the prototype is manufactured from the available materials.","PeriodicalId":398842,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129292848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Kumamaru, Hirofumi Sugami, M. Nakahira, N. Takagaki
{"title":"Particle Focusing in Microchannel with Multi-Parallel Channels or Porous Orifice","authors":"H. Kumamaru, Hirofumi Sugami, M. Nakahira, N. Takagaki","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMEA.20180603.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMEA.20180603.11","url":null,"abstract":"The sheathless particle focusing in a microchannel installing one set of multi-parallel channels or one porous orifice is proposed in this study. Numerical calculations have been carried out by the Lagrange two-phase model (i.e. the particle tracking model) in PHOENICS software for the microchannel including the porous orifice, in simulating both the channels installing the multi-parallel channels and the porous orifice. It becomes clear from calculation results that the particle focusing may be achieved at lower inlet velocities by using the porous orifice. Low velocities correspond to reduction in the sample flow including particles (i.e. cells). It also becomes obvious that the particle focusing is improved if the porous orifice with taper shape is used. Furthermore, particle focusing experiments have been conducted in the channel including the multi-parallel channels. It becomes clear that the particle focusing may be achieved by using the multi-parallel channels.","PeriodicalId":398842,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122385382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research and Development of the Wind Turbine Reliability","authors":"Yao Li, Cai-chao Zhu, Chaosheng Song, Jianjun Tan","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMEA.20180602.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMEA.20180602.14","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of wind power industry, the wind turbine reliability has become a hotspot in wind power research. The failure modes and research progress of wind turbine reliability both at home and abroad were analyzed. The failure modes, failure causes and detection methods of some key components in the wind turbines were summarized. Also, the frequently used methods of reliability analysis and research status of wind turbine reliability were analyzed. Following this, research focuses, methods and measures to improve wind turbine reliability were presented. We also shed light on the condition monitoring and assessment process with condition monitoring system and supervisory control and data acquisition. It is of great significance to reduce the cost of operation and maintenance and to improve the safety of wind turbines.","PeriodicalId":398842,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126834423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Tao, Jin Liang, Dengwan Li, Zhong Ling, Chunyuan Gong
{"title":"A New Detection Method for Oxygen, Nitrogen and Hydrogen on Superalloy Milling Surfaces","authors":"S. Tao, Jin Liang, Dengwan Li, Zhong Ling, Chunyuan Gong","doi":"10.11648/J.IJMEA.20180602.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJMEA.20180602.13","url":null,"abstract":"Oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen from air greatly affect the surface quality of milled superalloys—a difficult-to-cut material. Here, we described a novel infrared-thermal conductivity method to measure oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen on superalloy surfaces during milling. A milling experimental program was projected via the uniform design method—this contained a qualitative factor. The quadratic regression model of the superalloy was established using the best regression subset method. Here, the cutting speed, feed per tooth, axial cutting depth, radial cutting depth, and tool nose radius were the independent variables. The results were feasible with an acceptable regression effect.","PeriodicalId":398842,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134214027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tao Sun, Jin Liang, Dengwan Li, Hui-min Wang, Xinxing Li
{"title":"An Improved Radar-Graph Method for Comprehensive Evaluation of Material Machinability","authors":"Tao Sun, Jin Liang, Dengwan Li, Hui-min Wang, Xinxing Li","doi":"10.11648/j.ijmea.20180602.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20180602.12","url":null,"abstract":"Material machinability evaluation is the basis of a reasonable manufacturing process. Material machinability can be evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively using the radar-graph method. However, two key questions remain unresolved, and these are indicator weight confirmation and effective evaluation. A comprehensive evaluation method is proposed to address the first question. A statistical method is used to compute the indicator weight, which is determined by a subjective or objective weighting method. An optimization model is established based on minimizing the total deviation between the original evaluation weight and the combination weight. As to the second question, a comprehensive evaluation index K, including the area vector and perimeter vector of a radar-graph, is defined to quantitatively evaluate material machinability. Machinability examples of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy, AISI316L stainless steel, P20 mold steel, 20 steel, and normalized 45 steel are provided. The results show that the method is feasible, reliable, and effective.","PeriodicalId":398842,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123130134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on the Near Net Shape Hollow Forging Technology for CAP 1400 Main Pipe","authors":"Wang Baozhong, Liu Ying, Guo Yi, Ni YiHong","doi":"10.11648/j.ijmea.20180602.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20180602.11","url":null,"abstract":"It has been widely focused because of its complex integral-structure and strict technical requirement since AP1000 main pipe appeared, which is made by 316LN stainless steel. After ten years of effort and exploring, excellent forging suppliers from all over the world agree that 316LN heavy forgings including AP1000 only can be formed by relatively simple solid forging technology though the grain size cannot meet the initial design requirement of ASTM level-4. The design concept of CAP1400 main pipe is the same as AP1000, in which the straight part, curving part and two supper-long asymmetrical nozzles should be an integrated structure manufactured by 316LN steel. But due to larger dimension and higher requirement for technology, the manufacturing of CAP1400 is more difficult. In order to realize the near net shape manufacturing of CAP1400 main pipe, we invent a green manufacturing technology with highly asymmetrical nozzle for stainless steel main pipe hollow forgings, We have successfully manufactured a stainless hollow forgings using a 78t ESR ingot with nozzle height of 400mm, wall thickness of 160mm, total length of 9000mm, and ASTM level 4-6 of grain size for each part.","PeriodicalId":398842,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116616965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}