中华肿瘤杂志最新文献

{"title":"[The application of ANXA2 gene knockout mouse models in lung cancer metastasis].","authors":"W J Song, F Zhang, Z S Wang, J F Tian, R F Niu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240705-00277","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240705-00277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> ANXA2 plays a crucial role in cancer metastasis, but its mechanism is not yet fully understood. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an ANXA2 gene knockout mouse model to provide an effective tool for subsequent studies on ANXA2-related mechanisms. <b>Methods:</b> A gene knockout mouse model was constructed using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The model was validated through tissue DNA extraction followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, and western blot to confirm ANXA2 genotype and protein expression. The successfully constructed models were divided into a model group and a wild-type (WT) group for the creation of a mouse tail vein injection Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) metastasis model. Metastatic foci formation was monitored using <i>in vivo</i> imaging technology, and the survival rates of the two groups were compared. <b>Results:</b> An sgRNA sequence targeting the first exon of ANXA2 was designed, and 16 founder mice were obtained through microinjection. Through consanguineous hybridization, 30 homozygous offspring were ultimately acquired. After establishing the strains of the mouse model, mice were divided into the ANXA2 knockout group and the WT group, with 8 mice in each group. An LLC lung metastasis model was established in both groups. Compared with the WT group, the number of metastatic foci was significantly increased in the ANXA2 knockout group (7 <i>vs</i>. 1), and the fluorescence intensity was stronger in the WT group than in the knockout group (<i>P</i>=0.002). Using the GEPIA2 database to analyze ANXA2 gene expression in tumor tissues and normal tissues of lung cancer patients, it was found that ANXA2 expression levels were significantly higher in lung cancer tumor tissues compared to normal tissues (<i>P</i>＜0.05). The database included data from 478 lung cancer patients, and patients were stratified into high-expression and low-expression groups based on <i>ANXA2</i> levels. Compared to the low-expression group, patients in the high-expression group exhibited significantly shorter disease-free survival and overall survival (<i>P</i>＜0.05, respectively). The survival time of mice in the ANXA2 knockout group (median survival time, 43 days) was significantly longer compared to the WT group (median survival time, 26 days; <i>P</i>=0.017). Additionally, ANXA2 expression is significantly associated with the prognosis of lung cancer patients (<i>P</i>=6.4e-14). <b>Conclusions:</b> ANXA2 is closely associated with cancer metastasis and holds potential as a new target for metastasis treatment. Further in-depth research will greatly facilitate the transition of ANXA2 from basic research to clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":39868,"journal":{"name":"中华肿瘤杂志","volume":"47 3","pages":"254-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment management pathways, and quality control of ovarian cancer in county-level regions (2025 edition)].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20241129-00543","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20241129-00543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To establish diagnosis, treatment management pathways, and quality control guidelines tailored to county-level hospitals, standardize ovarian cancer care, improve treatment quality, and promote the equitable distribution of high-quality medical resources, the Expert Committee on Ovarian Cancer under the National Cancer Quality Control Center formulated the \"<i>Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment management pathways, and quality control of ovarian cancer in county-level regions (2025 edition)\"</i>. This guideline integrates existing national standards for ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment with evidence-based medicine and clinical expertise. Structured as a pathway framework, this guideline addresses hierarchical diagnosis and treatment, diagnostic workflows, therapeutic approaches, and follow-up protocols for ovarian cancer in county-level settings, offering 13 specific recommendations. The guideline clarifies the roles of county-level hospitals in ovarian cancer management, including primary diagnosis and treatment, administration of antitumor therapies, maintenance therapy, adverse event management, recurrence monitoring, rehabilitation guidance, two-way referrals, and follow-up. For cases beyond local capacity, timely referral to higher-level hospitals or qualified county-level facilities is advised. County-level hospitals may perform surgery for early-stage ovarian cancer, but suspected advanced-stage cases should be promptly referred. The guideline emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in county-level hospitals and recommend that initial chemotherapy for newly diagnosed patients should be conducted at higher-level or adequately equipped county-level institutions. Follow-up evaluations may be performed locally, but suspected recurrence or metastasis requires referral to higher-level hospitals for assessment. Detailed pathways are provided for diagnosis, treatment (including surgery, chemotherapy, maintenance therapy, and recurrence management), and follow-up, with recommendations for incorporating online follow-up methods to enhance patient monitoring. By defining the roles of county-level hospitals, standardizing referral processes, and strengthening multidisciplinary coordination, the guideline aims to promote standardized ovarian cancer care. Its implementation is expected to improve county-level hospitals' diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities, foster collaboration with higher-level institutions, and ultimately enhance patient outcomes and quality of life. These efforts will optimize medical resource allocation, elevate national ovarian cancer care standards, and advance balanced regional healthcare development.</p>","PeriodicalId":39868,"journal":{"name":"中华肿瘤杂志","volume":"47 3","pages":"201-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Exploration of biomarkers for the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in patients with gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis].","authors":"Y T Wei, Y Wang, J Yang, H B Wang, X Y Zhou, Y F Pan, S J Ren, W Q Liu, B R Liu, J Wei","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240826-00368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240826-00368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis (PM) receiving programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibody therapy, and investigate the biomarkers that affect the prognosis of anti-PD-1 therapy. <b>Methods:</b> This restrospecific study collected the clinic-pathological data of 56 patients with peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer who received first-line treatment in the Nanjing Drum Town Hospital from March 2020 to September 2023, among which 41 had received anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and 15 hadn't. The relationship between overall survival (OS) and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The relationship between baseline peripheral blood indicators and treatment response of patients with anti-PD-1 treatment was analyzed using unpaired <i>t</i>-test. Subsequently, the COX proportional risk regression model was used to explore the clinical prognostic factors that may affect anti-PD-1 immunotherapy by univariate and multivariate analysis. The clinical prognostic factors included baseline data and baseline peripheral blood indexes such as anti-PD-1 treatment lines, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), combined positive score (CPS), expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2), EBER status, pathological types, other metastatic lesions, ascites content before immunotherapy, with or without abdominal drainage during anti-PD-1 treatment, blood lipid indicators, inflammatory indicators, and tumor indicators. <b>Results:</b> Kaplan-Meier survival statistics showed similar OS (15.9 vs. 15.2 months, <i>P</i>=0.6002) in patients with anti-PD-1 therapy compared to those without anti-PD-1 therapy. Patients with baseline high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ≥0.97 mmol/L (<i>n</i>=22) demonstrated a significantly longer median OS compared to those with HDL<0.97 mmol/L (15.2 vs. 13.5 months; <i>P</i>=0.018). Similarly, the cohort with apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) levels ≥0.86 g/L (<i>n</i>=21) showed superior survival outcomes, with a median OS of 17.73 months versus 12.27 months in the ApoA1＜0.86 g/L group (<i>n</i>=20; <i>P</i>=0.006). In contrast, elevated baseline alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels (<i>n</i>=2) were associated with markedly reduced survival (median OS: 5.7 vs. 15.2 months in normal AFP group, n=37; <i>P</i>=0.005). Notably, elevated pretreatment ApoA1 levels correlated with enhanced immunotherapy response (<i>P</i>=0.038). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that ApoA1 deficiency (≥0.86 g/L) independently predicted better OS following PD-1 antibody therapy (hazard ratio [<i>HR</i>], 0.35 [95% <i>CI</i>, 0.12-0.98]; <i>P</i>=0.046) in gastric cancer patients with PM. <b>Conclusions:</b> In our study, it is first proposed that ApoA1 could be a significant predictor of the survival advantages of immunotherapy in gastric cancer patients with PM.</p>","PeriodicalId":39868,"journal":{"name":"中华肿瘤杂志","volume":"47 ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[CMTM3 regulates proliferation and migration of glioblastoma U251 cells via the NF-κB signaling pathway].","authors":"L S Jiang, W Teng, W J Qiu, Y G Ling, X P Shi, N Y Long, L Z Chu, J Liu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240213-00072","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240213-00072","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To explore the effects and potential mechanisms of chemokine-like factor-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing Protein 3 (CMTM3) on the proliferation and migration of glioblastoma (GBM) cells. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Using CMTM3 expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases, we analyzed the differential expression of CMTM3 in GBM tissues and its impact on the prognosis of GBM patients. Immunohistochemical staining and protein content determination of CMTM3 was performed on GBM and adjacent non-cancerous tissue samples from 11 GBM patients who underwent surgical treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University between November 3, 2022 and March 15, 2023. Additionally, the expression of CMTM3 was validated in GBM cell lines U87, U251, LN229, and the human astrocyte (NHA) cell line using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analyses. Stable cell lines with silenced and overexpressed CMTM3 (sh-CMTM3 group and OE-CMTM3 group) were constructed using U251 cells. The effect of CMTM3 expression on cell proliferation was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Flow cytometry was employed to examine the impact of CMTM3 expression on the cell cycle. Transwell assays were conducted to evaluate the influence of CMTM3 expression on cell migration. Bioinformatics analysis, Western blotting, NF-κB activation-nuclear translocation assays, and the NF-κB pathway inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate ammonium (PDTC) were used to validate the effect of CMTM3 on the NF-κB pathway. Finally, a subcutaneous tumorigenesis assay in nude mice was performed to observe the impact of CMTM3 expression on the &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; growth of U251 cells. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Bioinformatics analysis revealed that CMTM3 is highly expressed in GBM tissues. Patients with a high CMTM3 expression had lower overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates compared with those with a low CMTM3 expression (with &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; values of 0.010 and 0.032, respectively). Among the 11 GBM pathological specimens, 10 samples exhibited higher CMTM3 protein expression levels in the cancerous tissue compared with the adjacent non-cancerous tissue. The average CMTM3 protein expression in these samples was 0.44±0.09, significantly higher than that in the adjacent non-cancerous tissues (0.12±0.02, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;＜0.001). In one sample, the difference in CMTM3 protein expression between the cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous tissues was not statistically significant (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.750).The RT-qPCR results showed that the mRNA expression level of CMTM3 in NHA cells was 1.0±0.1, whereas in GBM cells U87, LN229, and U251, the levels were 2.1±0.3, 3.4±0.5, and 3.7±0.8, respectively, all significantly higher than that in NHA cells (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;＜0.01). Western blot results demonstrated that the protein expression levels of CMTM3 in GBM cells U87, LN229, and U251 were 1.5±0.2, 1.8±0","PeriodicalId":39868,"journal":{"name":"中华肿瘤杂志","volume":"47 2","pages":"136-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Epidemiological characteristics of incidence rate for breast cancer in Qidong City, 1972-2021].","authors":"Y S Chen, S S Chen, J Wang, J Zhu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20230914-00141","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20230914-00141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To describe the epidemiological characteristics of breast cancer incidence in Qidong City between 1972 and 2021, and provide guidelines for preventive and control measures and strategies. <b>Methods:</b> The cancer registry data were collected and breast cancer incidences during 1972 and 2021 in Qidong by sex, age, and time were analyzed. Crude incidence rate (CR), China age-standardized rate (ASRC), world age-standardized rate (ASRW), annual percentage change (APC), and average annual percentage change (AAPC) were calculated by Joinpoint software. The age-period-cohort model was used to analyze the influence of age, period, and birth cohort on the changes in the incidence trend of breast cancer. <b>Results:</b> From 1972 to 2021, there were 6 929 patients with breast cancer in Qidong, accounting for 4.70% of all new cancer cases, with a CR of 12.35/10⁵, a ASRC of 6.63/10⁵, and a ASRW of 8.89/10⁵. The truncated incidence rate among people aged 35-64 years was 21.90/10⁵. The cumulative incidence rate of the ages between 0 and 74 years was 0.96%. The cumulative risk was 0.96%. There were 98 male patients, whose CR, ASRC, and ASRW were 0.35/10⁵, 0.17/10⁵, and 0.25/10⁵, respectively. The number of female patients was 6 831, and the CR, ASRC, and ASRW were 24.02/10⁵, 12.86/10⁵, and 17.13/10⁵, respectively. The AAPC of ASRW of female breast cancer was 3.45% (95% <i>CI</i>: 2.90%-4.01%). The increasing trend of the incidence rate was statistically significant (<i>P</i>＜0.05). The AAPCs of females aged 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, and ≥75 years were 2.78% (95% <i>CI</i>: 0.88%-4.72%), 2.20% (95% <i>CI</i>: 0.83%-3.60%), 3.81% (95% <i>CI</i>: 2.45%-5.19%), 4.48% (95% <i>CI</i>: 3.12%-5.85%), 3.79% (95% <i>CI</i>: 2.19%-5.43%), and 2.87% (95% <i>CI</i>: 1.14%-4.63%). The increasing trends of the incidence rates in all age groups were statistically significant (<i>P</i>＜0.05). The age-period-cohort model showed that the risk of breast cancer increased with age, and people born later were faced with a higher risk of the disease (<i>P</i>＜0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> The incidence of breast cancer presented a rising trend in the past fifty years in Qidong. The increasing trend of the incidence rate was statistically significant since the beginning of this century. The health administrative department should formulate preventive and control measures to reduce the burden of breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":39868,"journal":{"name":"中华肿瘤杂志","volume":"47 2","pages":"129-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Establishment of nuclear grade prediction model for T1 clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on CT features and radiomics].","authors":"C Y Zhao, C Chen, W W Li, J Wang, R M Zheng, F Cui","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240615-00257","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240615-00257","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To investigate the clinical value of the prediction models constructed by CT based imaging features and radiomics for World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology (WHO/ISUP) grading in pre-operative patients with T1 clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Ninety patients with ccRCC diagnosed at Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2016 to December 2023 were enrolled as the training set, and 43 patients diagnosed at the Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled as the external validation set. According to the WHO/ISUP grading system, grades Ⅰ and Ⅱ were defined as the low grade group, and grades Ⅲ and Ⅳ were defined as the high grade group. In the training set, 64 patients were in the low grade group and 26 patients in the high grade group. In the external validation set, 33 patients were in the low grade group and 10 patients in the high grade group. The multivariate logistic regression was used to establish an imaging factor model based on CT imaging features in the training set. The 3-dimensional regions of interest were manually contoured at the cortical phase of enhanced CT, and the radiomics features were extracted. Linear correlation between features and L1 regularization were used for feature selection, and then linear support vector classification was used to construct the radiomics model. After that, a combined diagnostic model of nomogram combining the radiomics score and imaging factors was constructed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the effectiveness of each model. The Delong test was used for comparison of the areas under the ROC curve. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The imaging factor model, the radiomics model, and the combined diagnostic model of nomogram were successfully constructed to predict the WHO/ ISUP grading in stage T1 ccRCC. The AUC value of the imaging factor model in the training and validation sets was 0.742 (95% &lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.623-0.860) and 0.664 (95% &lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.448-0.879), respectively. The AUC values of the radiomics model in the two sets were 0.914 (95% &lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.844-0.983) and 0.879 (95% &lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.718-1.000), and of the combined diagnostic model of nomogram in the two sets were 0.929 (95% &lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.858-0.999) and 0.882 (95% &lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.710-1.000), respectively. The AUCs of the radiomics model and combined diagnostic model of nomogram were significantly higher than that of the imaging factor model (both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;＜0.05). There was no statistical difference in the AUCs between the combined diagnostic model of nomogram and the radiomics model (both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;＞0.05). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; The CT-based radiomics model and combined diagnostic model of nomogram incorporating radiomics signature and imaging features showed favorable predictive efficacy for the preoperative prediction of WHO/ISUP grading in stage T1 ccRC","PeriodicalId":39868,"journal":{"name":"中华肿瘤杂志","volume":"47 2","pages":"168-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical value of ¹⁸F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT combined with serum total prostate specific antigen in predicting International Society of Urological Pathology pathological grading of prostate cancer].","authors":"Y F Bo, R R Tian, L L Bao, M Zhao, J Zhou, H Li, H L Hao, E W Xu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240417-00156","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240417-00156","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To discuss the correlation of International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) pathological grading with&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-1007 positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) parameters and serum total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) in prostate cancer, and assess the clinical value of PET/CT combined with tPSA in predicting the ISUP pathological grade of prostate cancer. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; The correlation of ISUP pathological grade with primary parameters of PET/CT images and serum tPSA of 117 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer at Shanxi Cancer Hospital from August 2018 to February 2023 and taken &lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT imaging were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify the independent influencing factors for ISUP pathological grading of prostate cancer. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to predict the efficacy between the high and low ISUP grades for prostate cancer. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Of the 117 patients, 20 were in ISUP Group 1, 25 in Group 2, 18 in Group 3, 32 in Group 4, and 22 in Group 5. Of these, 63 were in the low-grade group (Groups 1-3) and 54 were in the high-grade group (Groups 4-5). The tumor long diameter was 3.10 (2.05, 4.25) cm, the prostate volume was 40.11 (33.13, 51.85) cm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, the serum tPSA was 19.71 (12.25, 42.83) ng/ml, the prostate specific antigen density (PSAD) was 0.51 (0.31, 1.01) ng·ml&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;·cm&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;, the maximum standard uptake value of the lesion (SUVmax) was 15.24 (10.87, 22.03), and the tumor/spleen uptake ratio (TSR) was 1.61 (1.08, 2.15) in the 117 patients. The correlation analysis displayed that the SUVmax, TSR, and tPSA were positively correlated with ISUP groups (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;=0.640, 0.619, and 0.500, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;＜0.01). The differences among SUVmax, TSR, long diameter, tPSA, and PSAD were statistically significant when compared among the five ISUP groups (&lt;i&gt;H=&lt;/i&gt;48.98, 45.63, 26.82, 33.95, and 23.81, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;＜0.001). The differencesin serum tPSA (&lt;i&gt;z&lt;/i&gt;=5.19), PSAD (&lt;i&gt;z&lt;/i&gt;=4.64), long diameter (&lt;i&gt;z&lt;/i&gt;=3.19), SUVmax (&lt;i&gt;z&lt;/i&gt;=5.57), and TSR (&lt;i&gt;z&lt;/i&gt;=5.53) of the patients between the low-grade group and the high-grade group were statistically significant (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;＜0.01). In multivariate analysis, TSR (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=4.172, 95% &lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 2.095-8.308, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;＜0.001) and the serum tPSA (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=1.042, 95% &lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.014-1.070, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;＜0.01) were independent influencing factors for ISUP grades. ROC analysis revealed that the area under the curve for the &lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT parameters SUVmax and TSR to predict low- or high-grade ISUP for prostate cancer was 0.800 (95% &lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.717-0.883) and 0.797 (95% &lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.713-0.881), respectively. Among the 70 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy, the postoperative recurrence rate of high-grade ISUP patients was higher than that of low-grade patients (54","PeriodicalId":39868,"journal":{"name":"中华肿瘤杂志","volume":"47 2","pages":"175-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Artemin promotes proliferation and invasion of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cells through the PI3K/Akt pathway].","authors":"H L Zhang, H T Liu, J Y Liu, C Zhang, T Li, Z C Liao, Y C Liu, J Y Zhang, K Zhu, S Li, J W Liu, J L Yang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240531-00229","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240531-00229","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To investigate the expression of Artemin (ARTN) in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), its effect on the malignant behavior of MPNST cells, and its signaling pathway. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Fifty-one MPNST paraffin embedded tissues through surgical resection at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital from January 1995 to November 2011 were collected, the expression of the ARTN protein was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the relationship between the ARTN protein expression and the clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis were analyzed. In human MPNST cell lines ST-8814 (NF-1) and STS26T(sporadic), ARTN overexpression and low expression cell lines were constructed by transfecting ARTN overexpression plasmids and ARTN small interfering RNA (siRNA), respectively. The expression of ARTN mRNA was detected by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), the expression of the ARTN protein and Phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway related proteins were detected by Western blot. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation ability, and cell invasion assay was used to detect cell invasion ability. The pathway proteins that interacted with ARTN were searched in the STRING database, and the functional pathways were clarified by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. The PI3K/Akt pathway specific inhibitor LY294002 was used to block the PI3K/Akt pathway of ST-8814 and STS26T cells to observe the changes in cell proliferation and invasion. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Among the 51 MPNST tissue specimens, 22 cases showed a high expression of the ARTN protein and 29 cases showed a low expression of the protein. Higher expressions of the ARTN protein was associated with larger tumor diameters and disease progression (recurrence or metastasis) (both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;＜0.05). The median disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with a low expression of the ARTN protein was 26.2 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 66.9 months. The median DFS and median OS of patients with a high expression of the ARTN protein were 10.7 months and 53.8 months, respectively. The log rank test results showed that the progression free survival rate of patients with a high expression of the ARTN protein was worse than that of patients with a low expression (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.027), but the difference in overall survival rate between the two groups was not statistically significant (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.790), which was also confirmed by Cox regression analysis. The CCK-8 assay results showed that after 48 hours of transfection, the absorbance (&lt;i&gt;A&lt;/i&gt;) values of ST-8814 and STS26T cells in the ARTN overexpression group were 1.35±0.01 and 1.10±0.02, respectively, which were higher than those in the empty plasmid control group (1.05±0.01 and 0.78±0.01, both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;＜0.01), while the &lt;i&gt;A&lt;/i&gt; values of ST-8814 and STS26T cells in the ARTN siRNA group were 0.35±0.01 and 0.61±0.01, respectively, which were low","PeriodicalId":39868,"journal":{"name":"中华肿瘤杂志","volume":"47 2","pages":"149-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Direction and clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of cancer].","authors":"X Y Ma, B W Xu, J Li, Y Zhang, L C Cao, Y S Ge, G H Zhu, X Y Zhu, J Y Wu, X M Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240105-00008","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240105-00008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is a major chronic disease that threatens human health, while traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a unique method for cancer prevention and treatment in China. After about 70 years of innovation and development, TCM has made constant progress in areas such as the clinical diagnosis, treatment, evidence-based researches, and mechanism exploration of cancer. It has special advantages in aspects such as reducing toxicity, enhancing treatment efficacy, managing symptoms, accelerating recovery, preventing recurrence and metastasis, and prolonging advanced-stage survival. However, there are still bottlenecks for TCM in cancer care. This paper cuts in the key links between TCM and western medicine in their combined application in cancer prevention and treatment, and take the original TCM theories on cancer as the lead, high-quality evidence-based researches as the drive, and analysis on the dynamic mechanism as the core, to show the advantages and effects of TCM in cancer treatment in an all-round way. It also aims to provide novel strategies for sustainable and innovative development and for formulation of comprehensive schemes that integrate TCM and western medicine for cancer prevention and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":39868,"journal":{"name":"中华肿瘤杂志","volume":"47 2","pages":"121-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Construction and preliminary validation of machine learning predictive models for cervical cancer screening based on human DNA methylation].","authors":"Y Yang, H Zhou, Y K Wang, Y Dai, R J Pi, H Zhang, Z Y Huang, T Wu, J H Yang, W Chen","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20230925-00156","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20230925-00156","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Using methylation characteristics of human genes to construct machine learning predictive models for screening cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Human DNA methylation detection was performed on 224 cervical exfoliated cell specimens from the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Xinmi Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Henan Province, West China Second Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan University, and Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College collected during April 2014 and March 2015. The hypermethylated gene fragments related to cervical cancer were selected by high-density, high-association, and hypermethylated gene fragment screening and the LASSO regression algorithm. Taking cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2) or more severe lesions as the research outcome, machine learning predictive models based on the random forest (RF), naive Bayes (NB), and support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, respectively, were constructed. A total of 144 outpatient specimens were used as the training set and 80 cervical exfoliated cell specimens from women participating in the cervical cancer screening program were used as the test set to verify the predictive models. Using histological diagnosis results as the gold standard, the detection efficacy for CIN2 or more severe lesions of the three machine learning predictive models were compared with that of the human papilloma virus (HPV) detection and cytological diagnosis. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; In the training set of 144 cases, there were 34 cases of HPV positivity, with a positive rate of 23.61%. Cytologically, there were 37 cases diagnosed as no intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM), and 107 cases diagnosed as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) or above. Histologically, there were 28 cases without cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or benign cervical lesions, 31 cases of CIN1, 18 cases of CIN2, 31 cases of CIN3, and 36 cases of squamous cell carcinoma. Seven hypermethylated gene fragments were selected from 45 genes, and three machine learning prediction models based on the RF, NB, and SVM algorithm, respectively, were constructed. In the validation set of 80 cases, there were 28 cases of HPV positivity, with a positive rate of 35.00%. Cytologically, there were 65 cases diagnosed as NILM and 15 cases as ASC-US or above. Histologically, there were 39 cases without cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or benign cervical lesions, 10 cases of CIN1, 10 cases of CIN2, 11 cases of CIN3, and 10 cases of squamous cell carcinoma. In the validation set, the area under the curve (AUC) values of the RF model, NB model, SVM model, HPV detection, and cytological diagnosis of CIN2 or above were 0.90, 0.88, 0.82, 0.68, and 0.45, respectively. The DeLong test showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the AUC values between the RF, NB, and S","PeriodicalId":39868,"journal":{"name":"中华肿瘤杂志","volume":"47 2","pages":"193-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}