Neyra Sosa Gutierrez , Alejandro Velazquez , Dante Ariel Ayala-Ortiz , Gerardo Bocco , Luis Fernando Gopar Merino
{"title":"Implementación del Índice de Condición Forestal (icf) como un insumo para el diseño de políticas públicas de corte forestal en México","authors":"Neyra Sosa Gutierrez , Alejandro Velazquez , Dante Ariel Ayala-Ortiz , Gerardo Bocco , Luis Fernando Gopar Merino","doi":"10.14350/rig.53915","DOIUrl":"10.14350/rig.53915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Public policies (<span>pp</span>) are defined as actions designed, implemented and evaluated by governments operating through programs, with the ultimate goal to improve and solve social problems in the short and long term. I theory, <span>pp</span> should be designed considering, among other things, basic social, economic and environmental information of the areas where such programs derived. However, a common deficiency in the design of public policies for the management of forest resources in Mexico is the lack of analysis in the complexity of a territorial context, which directly affects the results of the <span>pp</span>. This variable is relevant in Mexico, due to the great heterogeneity of the territory, so the results in the implementation of programs and projects arising from forest <span>pp</span>, usually lacks of a fundamental theoretical basis for obtaining better results. Thus, the objective of this study is the development of a methodological framework that incorporates the spatial variable to improve the design of forest <span>pp</span> <em>ad hoc</em> to each territory. The Forest Condition Index (<span>fci</span>) was designed and implemented as an instrument to provide a robust spatial reference by assessing forest condition in contrast to the degree of marginalization of municipal entities. The inputs for the <span>fci</span> describes the dynamics of the degree of marginalization and the dynamics of plant cover during the period 2000-2010 of all municipalities in the state of Michoacan, used as a study case. The application of the <span>fci</span> to the 113 municipalities in the state, results in the categorization of municipalities in 4 classes, depicting possible trends between marginalization and forest cover. The largest number of municipalities (31), which represents 35.78% of the state's land, were grouped in class IV, indicating a trend in the increase the index of marginalization and the decrease in forest cover. Only 26 municipalities were located in Class I, revealed a favorable trend with a decreasing rate of marginalization and an increasing on the forest cover. The identified classes, showed that there are significantly differing trends between municipalities, indicating different problems and challenges. We argue that social vulnerability may affect negatively or positively by the availability of forest cover. This consideration is based on the opportunity that sustainable use of the forest represents to access financial resources, and thus impact directly on the social and economic welfare of the population established in areas where forest management is main economic activity. According to the results of the <span>fci</span>, it is necessary to propose an adequate model of <span>pp</span> design, according to the environmental condition of the territory, that allow a gradual increase of forest cover (conceived as the natural capital) and lower rates of marginalization through a model of sustainable us","PeriodicalId":39866,"journal":{"name":"Investigaciones Geograficas","volume":"2017 92","pages":"Pages 74-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.14350/rig.53915","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129437732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Loreto , Manuel Esperón-Rodríguez , Víctor L. Barradas
{"title":"The climatic-environmental significance, status and socioeconomic perspective of the grown-shade coffee agroecosystems in the central mountain region of Veracruz, Mexico","authors":"David Loreto , Manuel Esperón-Rodríguez , Víctor L. Barradas","doi":"10.14350/rig.51876","DOIUrl":"10.14350/rig.51876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span></span>Climate and vegetation coexist in a dynamic equilibrium. However, lack of vegetation can cause local and regional climate changes. Grown-shade coffee agroecosystem provides resources, environmental services and socio-economic benefits. We found that coffee production has decreased but its economical value has increased; however, the socio-economic indicators decreased. High deforestation rate is causing changes in the precipitation patterns and fog frequency, contributing to an environmental and socio-economical crisis in the region. This work presents an analysis of the influence of local and regional climate on the grown-shade coffee in central Veracruz, and the factors involved in land-use change with the respective consequences for the coffee producers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39866,"journal":{"name":"Investigaciones Geograficas","volume":"2017 92","pages":"Pages 87-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.14350/rig.51876","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124071295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriel Legorreta Paulín , Marcus Bursik , José Juan Zamorano Orozco , José Lugo Hubp , Bettina Martinez-Hackert , Jorge V. Bajo Sánchez
{"title":"Estimación del volumen de los depósitos asociados a deslizamientos a través de geoformas, en el flanco SW del volcán Pico de Orizaba, Puebla-Veracruz","authors":"Gabriel Legorreta Paulín , Marcus Bursik , José Juan Zamorano Orozco , José Lugo Hubp , Bettina Martinez-Hackert , Jorge V. Bajo Sánchez","doi":"10.14350/rig.51113","DOIUrl":"10.14350/rig.51113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span></span>Landslides that occur along river systems are very common and have the potential to cause harm to human, to its infrastructure or affect their socio-economic activity. This dynamic is magnified in territories where morphological contrasts are very marked; as in the border between the mountains and subhorizontal land. This is especially true for volcanic terrains where volcanic activity can trigger voluminous landslides along stream systems by sector and flank collapse and where high seasonal rainfall on terrains covered by poorly consolidated materials produces small but hazardous landslides and debris flows that occur continually along stream systems during the volcanic repose periods. Those type of landslides can deliver volumes of hundreds and millions cubic meters that create a potentially hazardous situation for people and property down the valleys. The study of landslides in volcanic terrains through a Geographic Information System (<span>gis</span>) and under a geomorphological criterion, have allowed to develop a comprehensive methodology linked to the development of multi-temporal inventory, with susceptibility and volume estimation of displaced material. The aim of this research is to develop a method (protocol) for landslide susceptibility and landslide volume assessment of potentially unstable volcanic landscapes in order to be helpful in mitigating landslide damages to human settlements. Pico de Orizaba volcano is the highest volcano in Mexico. The volcano has been affected by large flank collapse landslides throughout its geological history. These events have partially destroyed the cone as it happened in Bezymianny volcano and St. Elena volcano. In this volcano, the risk associated with landslide and debris flows, is increased by the growing of human settlements along the hillslopes and by the subsistence agriculture, and deforestation. This situation is favored by a volcanic calm that has lasted 147 years, approximate. These conditions create a dangerous situation for more than 360 000 people living on the southern flank of the volcano Pico de Orizaba, where landslides along the hillslopes and the river system threaten towns like Cordova, Orizaba, Rio Blanco, Nogales and Ciudad Mendoza. Today the most common and dangerous landslides are associated with unconsolidated volcanic deposits and heavy seasonal rains.</p><p>In this paper, the cause, distribution, and link between landslides and the volcanic landscape relief susceptibility are analyzed. Similarly, the volume of displaced material is estimated in order to characterize the landslide instability in volcanic terrains. The Río El Estado watershed on the southwestern flank of Pico de Orizaba volcano is selected to describe and analyze susceptible areas of gravitational processes. The study area allows to show a systematic methodology for landslide mapping and volume calculation in areas with scarce information. The methodology encompasses three main stages o","PeriodicalId":39866,"journal":{"name":"Investigaciones Geograficas","volume":"2017 92","pages":"Pages 21-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.14350/rig.51113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133120966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Importancia del trabajo comunitario participativo para el establecimiento del geoparque mundial de la unesco mixteca alta, oaxaca, méxico","authors":"Emmaline Montserrat Rosado-González, Xóchitl Ramírez-Miguel","doi":"10.14350/rig.59435","DOIUrl":"10.14350/rig.59435","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39866,"journal":{"name":"Investigaciones Geograficas","volume":"2017 92","pages":"Pages 144-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.14350/rig.59435","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132798213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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