Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie最新文献

{"title":"Central Retinal Artery Occlusion - Our Future Path to the Introduction of Intravenous Thrombolysis.","authors":"Daria Sazanovych, Zuzana Schreiberová, Martina Sapieta, Klára Marešová, Daniel Šaňák, Petr Polidar, Marta Karhanová","doi":"10.31348/2026/12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31348/2026/12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Retinal artery occlusion (RAO) is a vascular occlusive disorder and an acute condition in ophthalmological practice.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment approaches used at our department in patients with RAO, particularly their impact on the resulting central visual acuity of the affected eye. Furthermore, to determine how many patients would meet the time window for intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) administration in the case of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included all the patients diagnosed with CRAO and BRAO (branch retinal artery occlusion) who received systemic treatment with intravenously administered vasodilators (Procaine®) at our department between 01/2020 and 08/2025. We monitored the time delay to examination, the type of healthcare facility upon first contact, the type of therapy, the duration of symptoms before the initiation of treatment, and risk factors. We evaluated the change in central visual acuity (CVA) before treatment and immediately after completion of therapy upon discharge from hospital.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study sample consisted of 73 eyes (51 with CRAO and 22 with BRAO). No significant improvement in CVA was observed after the administration of 0.2% procaine hydrochloride (Procaine®): the mean change in CVA before and after treatment was 0.045 in the BRAO group and 0.078 in the CRAO group. No significant association was found between CVA change and the number of administered Procaine doses. The average time from the onset of symptoms to examination at our ophthalmology clinic was 33.5 hours in the BRAO group and 28.4 hours in the CRAO group. The time window for potential IVT administration was met by 2 patients with BRAO (9%) and 14 patients with CRAO (27%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> We did not demonstrate any potential therapeutic effect of intravenously administered 0.2% procaine hydrochloride. Our results confirmed the need to establish a protocol for IVT administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"82 Ahead of Print","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147378964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness Analysis in Treatment - Naive Glaucoma Patients.","authors":"Sushil Kumar, Ashok Kumar, Ankita Singh, Bhupesh Bhatkoti, Kumar Vijay Sharma, Vikas Ambiya, Vipin Rana","doi":"10.31348/2026/5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31348/2026/5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong> To evaluate RNFL (Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer) and GCC (Ganglion Cell Complex) thickness, using SD-OCT in treatment-naive patients of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and to compare these findings with healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong> The study included 150 eyes of 75 glaucoma patients (25 each of POAG, PACG, NTG) and 200 eyes of 100 controls. In this cross-sectional observational study, patients meeting the inclusion criteria underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations, including best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP) by Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), gonioscopy to differentiate between open and closed angle and visual field analysis (VFA). GCC-IPL and RNFL thickness were measured using SD-OCT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Significant thinning of RNFL was noted in all glaucoma subtypes, especially in inferior and superior quadrants (p.</p>","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"82 Ahead of Print","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146126922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractive Lensectomy in Patients with Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy.","authors":"Markéta Brožková, Ondřej Vlasák, Lenka Havlíčková, Zuzana Hlinomazová","doi":"10.31348/2026/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31348/2026/4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong> The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the outcomes of refractive lens exchange (RLE) with implantation of extended depth of focus (EDOF) and trifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) in presbyopic hyperopic patients diagnosed with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), and to retrospectively assess preoperative criteria suitable for RLE indication.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong> The study included 17 patients (34 eyes) with hyperopia and FECD who underwent RLE with implantation of EDOF or trifocal IOLs at Lexum Eye Clinics between 2022 and 2024. The mean follow-up period was 13 months, and the mean patient age was 56 ±5 years. Evaluated parameters included preoperative and postoperative refraction, visual acuity, endothelial microscopy, central pachymetry, and posterior corneal backscatter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> The mean preoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity was 0.68 logMAR, improving postoperatively to 0.01 logMAR. The mean corrected distance visual acuity improved from 0.01 logMAR preoperatively to -0.01 logMAR postoperatively. Postoperative uncorrected intermediate and near visual acuities were 0.07 logMAR and 0.10 logMAR, respectively. According to Krachmer's classification of endothelial microscopy, 14 patients had grade 1, one patient grade 2, and two patients grade 3 FECD. The mean postoperative endothelial cell density was 2595 cells/mm², with a coefficient of variation of 30 % and hexagonality of 50 %. No statistically significant difference was found between preoperative and postoperative pachymetry values (p = 0.184). The mean posterior corneal backscatter was 14.7 GSU preoperatively and 16.8 GSU postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy has long been considered a contraindication for refractive lens exchange. In our cohort of motivated patients, the outcomes were highly satisfactory. Key parameters - central pachymetry, endothelial microscopy, and posterior corneal backscatter remained stable over time. When properly indicated, carefully performed RLE may be a viable option for presbyopia correction in patients with early-stage FECD.</p>","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"82 Ahead of Print","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146126924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Outcomes of Surgical Treatment of Unilateral Primary Congenital and Infantile Glaucoma.","authors":"Nikola Skálová, Inka Krejčířová, Rudolf Autrata","doi":"10.31348/2026/15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31348/2026/15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong> To evaluate the long-term outcomes of surgical treatment in unilateral primary congenital glaucoma (PCG), with a focus on stabilizing intraocular pressure (IOP) and structural and functional parameters of the affected eye.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong> A retrospective analysis was performed on 20 eyes of 20 patients with unilateral PCG operated on between 2002-2022 by combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy (CTT) or trabeculectomy (TBE) with/without MMC at the Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, University Hospital Brno. The evaluated parameters included age at the time of diagnosis and surgery, type and number of procedures, pre- and postoperative IOP, presence of buphthalmos and Haab's striae, corneal diameter, cup-to-disc ratio (C/D), spherical equivalent (SE), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), use of medication, visual field findings, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness on OCT. Surgical success was defined as IOP ≤ 21 mmHg without the need for further glaucoma surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Mean age at the time of diagnosis was 7.9 months, with 85% diagnosed before 6 months; mean period of follow-up monitoring was 12.3 years. CTT was performed in 55% and TBE in 45% of patients, with mean age at the time of surgery of 10 months. All eyes presented with buphthalmos and Haab's striae; mean corneal diameter was 13.1 mm. The C/D ratio decreased from 0.53 to 0.26 (p = 0.002) and IOP from 30.1 to 14.7 mmHg (p.</p>","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"82 Ahead of Print","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147718515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Chandelier-Assisted Segmental Scleral Buckling Compared to Conventional Scleral Buckling for Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: A comparative retrospective study.","authors":"Ashish Markan, Manasi Tripathi, Shivani Chhabra, Pawan Gupta","doi":"10.31348/2025/41","DOIUrl":"10.31348/2025/41","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the anatomical and functional outcomes, surgical duration, and complication rates between chandelier-assisted segmental scleral buckling (SB) and conventional SB in the treatment of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective comparative study included 19 phakic patients with primary RRD who underwent either conventional SB (Group 1, n = 9) or chandelier-assisted segmental SB (Group 2, n = 10). Patients were selected based on specific inclusion criteria including presence of anterior retinal breaks and PVR ≤ Grade C1. Group 1 underwent standard 360-degree SB with indirect ophthalmoscopy, while Group 2 underwent segmental SB with limited peritomy and chandelier-assisted wide-angle visualization under a surgical microscope. Primary outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and anatomical reattachment at 1-year follow-up. Secondary outcomes included surgical duration and epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups demonstrate successful retinal reattachment in all cases and significant improvement in BCVA at one year, with no statistically significant intergroup difference. Mean surgical duration was significantly shorter in the chandelier-assisted group (35.1 ±21.2 minutes) compared to the conventional group (70.2 ±23.2 minutes, p.</p>","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"81 Ahead of Print","pages":"101-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145410467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progressive Keratoconus as a Complication of Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis: A Case Report.","authors":"Zuzana Cyžová, Miroslava Malušková, Petr Mlčák, Petra Hübnerová, Marta Karhanová","doi":"10.31348/2026/9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31348/2026/9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Presentation of a  case report demonstrating the complexity of care for a  patient with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), including the management of complications such as corneal ulceration, development of keratoconus, corticosteroid-induced intraocular pressure elevation, and cataract formation.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We describe a case of a 52-year-old male with a marginal corneal ulcer within the context of atopic blepharokeratoconjunctivitis, focusing on complications and the need for intensive local and systemic therapy to stabilize the disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Intensive therapy led to a gradual improvement of the disease. Corneal cross-linking stabilized keratoconus, intraocular pressure elevation was successfully managed with anti-glaucoma medication, and cataract surgery resulted in a significant improvement of visual function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> This case report highlights the importance of early diagnosis and the need for long-term, multidisciplinary care in patients with AKC. Regular follow-up examinations, patient education, and a  combination of local, systemic, and surgical therapy are essential in order to prevent complications and stabilize the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"82 Ahead of Print","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147378936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trifocal Versus Monofocal Intraocular Lenses: A Prospective Assessment of Visual Outcomes and Patient-Reported Satisfaction.","authors":"Arnab Sadhukhan, Vikas Sharma, Vikas Sharma, Prakash Thory Tilokaram, Vipin Rana, Gaurav Kapoor, Kumar Sanjay Mishra","doi":"10.31348/2026/10","DOIUrl":"10.31348/2026/10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"82 Ahead of Print","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147378903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinitis Pigmentosa Sine Pigmento Masquerading as Normal-Tension Glaucoma. A Case Report.","authors":"Zuzana Šulavíková Anwarzai","doi":"10.31348/2026/14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31348/2026/14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong> The aim of this publication is to highlight the diagnostic pitfalls in differentiating retinitis pigmentosa sine pigmento (RPSP) from normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong> A 71-year-old patient was treated for 10 years with topical dual antiglaucoma therapy for NTG, which had been diagnosed based on optic disc pallor, a cup-to-disc ratio of 0.6, normal intraocular pressure, and visual field defects. During the course of subsequent monitoring, the patient developed progressive nyctalopia, concentric visual field constriction, and a marked decline in visual acuity from 1.0 to 0.1. Multimodal imaging, including fundus autofluorescence (FAF), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and perimetry, demonstrated photoreceptor degeneration that did not correlate with glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Genetic testing identified two heterozygous variants in the USH2A gene: one known pathogenic variant (c.11864G&gt;A) and one novel variant (c.12544A&gt;G). Based on these findings and the absence of typical bone spicule pigmentation on fundus examination, a diagnosis of RPSP was determined.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> This case underscores the risk of misdiagnosing RPSP as NTG due to overlapping clinical features, and emphasizes the necessity of comprehensive multimodal evaluation, including FAF, OCT, electroretinography, perimetry, and genetic testing, in order to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.</p>","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"82 Ahead of Print","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147718484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery: iStent and Preserflo in the Treatment of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. A Review.","authors":"Richard Ulrych, Alexandr Stěpanov","doi":"10.31348/2025/39","DOIUrl":"10.31348/2025/39","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glaucoma is a chronic, progressive and irreversible neuropathy of the optic nerve, characterized by morphological changes in the optic nerve papilla and defects in the visual field. Although the precise pathogenesis is not fully understood, the current concept of glaucoma development incorporates the deformation of the lamina cribrosa caused by elevated intraocular pressure, leading to axonal damage, subsequent apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells and loss of the nerve fiber layer. This review article discusses the current possibilities of using minimally invasive glaucoma surgery, specifically focusing on the micro-invasive implants iStent and Preserflo, their efficacy and safety in the surgical treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"81 Ahead of Print","pages":"67-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145410517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Results Following the Implantation of a New Toric Intraocular Lens with Extended Depth of Focus.","authors":"Simona Jančárová, Marie Němcová, Pavel Rozsíval, Viktor Ladislav Nováček","doi":"10.31348/2025/25","DOIUrl":"10.31348/2025/25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the clinical outcomes following the implantation of a new toric intraocular lens (TIOL) with extended depth of focus (EDOF) Bi-Flex ELON Toric POB-MA 877PETY (Elon®, Medicontur Medical Engineering Ltd., Zsámbék, Hungary), including analysis of lens rotational stability and assessment of patient satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In a retrospective, monocentric clinical study, 29 eyes of 18 patients (11 men and 7 women) with presbyopia, cataracts, and corneal astigmatism were evaluated. These patients underwent uncomplicated cataract surgery with Bi-Flex ELON Toric TIOL implantation. Postoperative assessments included measurements of monocular uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA, CDVA) and near visual acuity (UNVA, CNVA), rotational stability of the TIOL, and subjective evaluation of visual quality using a questionnaire. Follow-up examinations were conducted 6 months postoperatively (ranging from 3 to 9 months).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean postoperative monocular UDVA improved from 0.4 ±0.2 to 0.90 ±0.1 (p.</p>","PeriodicalId":39839,"journal":{"name":"Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie","volume":"81 Ahead of Print","pages":"35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}