Journal of Applied Social Science最新文献_第5页

Applying Political Knowledge in Modern Combat: How the U.S. Military Can Use Social Science to Achieve Cross-Cultural Competency 在现代战斗中运用政治知识:美国军队如何利用社会科学来实现跨文化能力

Journal of Applied Social Science Pub Date : 2022-07-06 DOI: 10.1177/19367244221108065

Richard Ledet

引用次数: 0

Tourism Development and Income Inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa: Does Governance Matter? 撒哈拉以南非洲的旅游业发展与收入不平等:治理重要吗?

Journal of Applied Social Science Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1177/19367244221095213

N. Odhiambo

{"title":"Tourism Development and Income Inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa: Does Governance Matter?","authors":"N. Odhiambo","doi":"10.1177/19367244221095213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244221095213","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the relationship between tourism development, governance, and income inequality in 31 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. In the main, the study aims at examining whether tourism inflows ameliorate or exacerbate income inequality in the studied countries. The study also aims to examine whether institutional governance modulates the impact of tourism development on income inequality. For robustness, four proxies of governance indicators have been used, namely, the rule of law, voice and accountability, political stability, and government effectiveness, thereby leading to four separate specifications with four interaction variables. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), which accounts for endogeneity, has been used to examine this linkage. Contrary to some of the previous studies, the results of our study show that an increase in tourist arrivals leads to a decrease in income inequality in the studied SSA countries. The results also show that the favorable negative impact of tourism on income inequality could switch to an unfavorable positive impact if the following levels of governance are exceeded: 1.6842, 3.1429, and 0.7436 for voice and accountability, political stability, and government effectiveness, respectively. Policy implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"56 1","pages":"637 - 651"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88272918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Single Incidents or Patterns of Control? Researcher-Practitioner Differences in Screening for Intimate Partner Violence 单一事件还是控制模式?研究者与实践者在亲密伴侣暴力筛查中的差异

Journal of Applied Social Science Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.1177/19367244221099892

E. Levine, Jessica Dickenson

{"title":"Single Incidents or Patterns of Control? Researcher-Practitioner Differences in Screening for Intimate Partner Violence","authors":"E. Levine, Jessica Dickenson","doi":"10.1177/19367244221099892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244221099892","url":null,"abstract":"Intimate partner violence (IPV) has long been recognized as a pervasive and urgent problem. Yet, there is no consensus on what constitutes IPV, and screening practices vary widely across professional domains. Whereas many researchers approach IPV as potentially bidirectional, and assessment tools in research and emergency healthcare often categorize any violence within a romantic partnership as IPV, antiviolence advocates tend to conceptualize IPV as a pattern of controlling behaviors. We engage Karen Barad’s theory of agential realism to explore the complexity of IPV and how professionals screening for “the same” phenomenon may classify individuals (participants, patients, or clients) and relationships differently. This variation is particularly important for applied researchers. Those who conceptualize IPV as being potentially bidirectional may classify some individuals as “victim-perpetrators” who would otherwise be classified solely as “survivors” or “perpetrators” by antiviolence advocates. Those who conceptualize any incident of violence as constituting IPV may classify a number of individuals as victims or perpetrators, and a number of relationships as abusive, that would screen as non-IPV in many advocacy contexts. This limits the capacity of research to substantively inform practitioners’ efforts to address what they conceptualize and subsequently operationalize as IPV.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"630 1","pages":"590 - 606"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77649219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

References to Evidence-based Program Registry (EBPR) websites for behavioral health in U.S. state government statutes and regulations. 参考基于证据的程序注册(EBPR)网站的行为健康在美国州政府法规和条例。

Journal of Applied Social Science Pub Date : 2022-06-01 Epub Date: 2022-03-03 DOI: 10.1177/19367244221078278

Miranda J Lee, Michael J Maranda, Stephen Magura, Gregory Greenman

{"title":"References to Evidence-based Program Registry (EBPR) websites for behavioral health in U.S. state government statutes and regulations.","authors":"Miranda J Lee, Michael J Maranda, Stephen Magura, Gregory Greenman","doi":"10.1177/19367244221078278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244221078278","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim: U.S. state governments have the responsibility to regulate and license behavioral healthcare interventions, such as for addiction and mental illness, with increasing emphasis on implementing evidence-based programs (EBPs). A serious obstacle to this is lack of clarity or agreement about what constitutes \"evidence-based.\" The study's purpose was to determine the extent to which and in what contexts web-based Evidence-based Program Registries (EBPRs) are referenced in state government statutes and regulations (\"mandates\") concerning behavioral healthcare. Examples are: What Works Clearinghouse; National Register of Evidence-based Programs and Practices; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.Methods: The study employed the Westlaw Legal Research Database to search for 30 known EBPR websites relevant to behavioral healthcare within the statutes and regulations of all 50 states.Results: There was low prevalence of EBPR references in state statutes and regulations pertaining to behavioral healthcare; 20 states had a total of 33 mandates that referenced an EBPR. These mandates usually do not rely on an EBPR as the sole acceptable source for classifying a program or practice as \"evidence-based.\" Instead, EBPRs were named in conjunction with internal state or external sources of information about putative program effectiveness, which may be less valid than EBPRs, to determine what is \"evidence-based.\"Conclusion: Greater awareness of scientifically - based EBPRs and greater understanding of their advantages need to be fostered among state legislators and regulators charged with making policy to increase or improve the use of evidence-based programs and practices in behavioral healthcare in the U.S.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"16 2","pages":"442-458"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9306327/pdf/nihms-1811160.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40644215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Emerging Adults’ Peer Acceptance of Those Who Appear to be Undergoing Chemotherapy 刚成年的同龄人对那些似乎正在接受化疗的人的接受程度

Journal of Applied Social Science Pub Date : 2022-05-14 DOI: 10.1177/19367244221094810

Megan Mikesell, J. Troilo

引用次数: 0

An fsQCA Analysis of Qualified Immunity and Police Use of Force: An Applied Sociology Approach 合格豁免与警察使用武力的fsQCA分析:应用社会学方法

Journal of Applied Social Science Pub Date : 2022-04-19 DOI: 10.1177/19367244221085231

Søren Gran

{"title":"An fsQCA Analysis of Qualified Immunity and Police Use of Force: An Applied Sociology Approach","authors":"Søren Gran","doi":"10.1177/19367244221085231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244221085231","url":null,"abstract":"Police officers are expected to serve and protect civilians. Yet cases of police officers harming, sometimes killing, people they are expected to serve and protect have received renewed attention in the United States. Notable cases have led to protests, calls for reforms, and disputes about roles of police officers. This study employs Applied Sociology approaches to questions around reforms of policing in the United States. This study examines reforms to legal protections police enjoy through use of force and qualified immunity laws. Analyzing data for the 50 U.S. states and Washington, DC, this study examines whether legal protections police officers possess are associated with excessive use of force against civilians. This study finds that civilian killings by police tend to be higher in states whose governments are characterized as beyond civilian control. Where Republicans control state government and police officers enjoy broad protections, police killings of civilians tend to be higher. This study finds that racial conflict may be a powerful factor related to police killings of civilians. Applied Sociology demonstrates that reforms should concentrate on not only legal protections police enjoy but also societal structures shaping their efforts to serve and protect civilians.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"227 1","pages":"572 - 589"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80159124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Smoking Cessation Interventions across Different Stages of Change 不同改变阶段的戒烟干预

Journal of Applied Social Science Pub Date : 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.1177/19367244221080968

Asrar Ahmad, Jagwinder Singh

引用次数: 0

Growing Up White Saviors 成长中的白人救世主

Journal of Applied Social Science Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.1177/19367244221082023

A. Finnegan

{"title":"Growing Up White Saviors","authors":"A. Finnegan","doi":"10.1177/19367244221082023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244221082023","url":null,"abstract":"In an enduring moment of pandemic, racial reckoning, and grave economic inequalities, the question of how white people with privilege most effectively and ethically engage momentous social problems remains. I inquire whether those who have participated in the white savior complex earlier in their lives later commit to more critical, reflexive, and collective forms of social justice organizing. Based on 21 interviews and a survey with people who had formerly participated in advocacy pertaining to the protection of children affected by the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) war between 2008 and 2010, this work explores what enables the white savior complex, whether white saviors can change, and if so, what facilitates transformation. Ultimately, I argue that the white savior complex is about being extraordinary. It is part of a pursuit to find purpose. It is about being right and good—and it is about reaching out to assist another while avoiding examination of both oneself and the conditions that enable the suffering in the first place. I found that people who have been engaged in the white savior complex can and do change. Yet, growing up and transforming from the white savior complex is not inevitable. It takes time, new social networks, and education that cultivates critical consciousness. I conclude by naming antidotes to the white savior complex: efforts which place lineage, humility, and curiosity at the center. Such efforts incorporate accountability and critical feedback and invoke concerted reflection on structural determination as well as personal social location identities and motivations.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"617 - 636"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89391318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Women’s Land Ownership and Gender Equality in Nepal 尼泊尔妇女的土地所有权和性别平等

Journal of Applied Social Science Pub Date : 2022-03-18 DOI: 10.1177/19367244221077624

Srijana Koirala

{"title":"Women’s Land Ownership and Gender Equality in Nepal","authors":"Srijana Koirala","doi":"10.1177/19367244221077624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244221077624","url":null,"abstract":"The study is an endeavor to contribute to the impact developing social circumstances regarding land ownership among women and its relation to gender equality. The purpose of this research debunks the factors effecting women land ownership and their impact on socio-economic equality. A survey was done among 100 women of a remote village, in southern Lalitpur regarding land ownership, with relation to variables such as level of education of women, ethnicity, age, presence of legal documents, knowledge of government policies, and family structure. Factors such as occupation of women, role in household decision making, and involvement in social and political spheres were also studied in relation to their land ownership. The survey was done with purposive and proportional stratified sampling among ethnic communities of Brahmin/Chhetri and Janajati. A questionnaire survey, key informant survey, focus group discussion and in-depth case study were done. Twenty-one percent of the females interviewed had land on their own and this data also had a variation with ethnic communities. It was found that women with land feel confident in the social and economic sphere of society. Brahmin community was found to be more aware of the government policies encouraging female land ownership than the Janajati community. This study aims to add knowledge on the conversation in gender equality and its relation to land and property ownership.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"6 1","pages":"533 - 547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90223645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Therapies without Pride: An Explorative Study of the Therapist’s Perspective on the Quality of the Social Bond with Clients in Cognitive Behavior Therapy and a Psychodynamic Therapy against Men’s Violence in Sweden 没有骄傲的治疗:瑞典男性暴力的认知行为治疗和心理动力治疗中治疗师对与来访者社会联系质量的观点的探索性研究

Journal of Applied Social Science Pub Date : 2022-03-14 DOI: 10.1177/19367244221078506

Peter M. Jansson

{"title":"Therapies without Pride: An Explorative Study of the Therapist’s Perspective on the Quality of the Social Bond with Clients in Cognitive Behavior Therapy and a Psychodynamic Therapy against Men’s Violence in Sweden","authors":"Peter M. Jansson","doi":"10.1177/19367244221078506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19367244221078506","url":null,"abstract":"This explorative paper aims to test a model of operationalized subindicators that allows for a simplified analysis of the social bond between therapists and clients in violence therapy. A theoretical premise of this work is that a stable social bond is a prerequisite for the client’s building a positive self-image and becoming reintegrated into society as nonviolent. The research entails the comparison of two different therapy treatments. A psychodynamic therapy against men’s violence, undertaken voluntarily and frequently used in Nordic countries, is compared to a compulsory cognitive behavior therapy used for men in correctional settings. Although the therapists in both treatments attempt to balance the relationship between themselves and the clients, both therapies tend to alienate the parties from each other, thereby preventing the development of a stable social bond of solidarity. For both treatments, an awareness is needed of those parts of the therapy that evoke shame and pride, thereby permitting an evaluation of the treatment so that the positive quality of the social bond can develop.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"382 - 398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82197645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0