Journal of Applied Social Science最新文献

{"title":"Stress and Peer Support among Nonprofit Workers","authors":"April McClure, Melanie Moore","doi":"10.1177/1936724420982902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1936724420982902","url":null,"abstract":"Stress among nonprofit workers is well documented. Methods for reducing that stress are not well understood. Specifically, little research examines the value of peer support in reducing stress among those engaged in compassionate care work. In this study, 93 workers from 15 nonprofit organizations completed a Qualtrics survey about their work-related stress, personal relationships with coworkers, perceptions about the value of coworker relationships in mitigating work stress, and efforts by their workplaces to promote positive relationships among their employees. Results indicate that most experience work-related stress, have close and important relationships with coworkers, are likely to confide in coworkers about work stressors, and believe that feeling close to coworkers helps to relieve stress at work. The implications of these findings are explored.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"39 1","pages":"151 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85822603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Exploration of Five Stages in Faculty Retirement Decision Making","authors":"Beverlee B. Anderson, J. Jeffries, Janet E. McDaniel","doi":"10.1177/1936724420982987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1936724420982987","url":null,"abstract":"Humans make thousands of decisions each day. Most of the decisions we make are trivial or relatively unimportant in possible consequences. However, there are a few decisions we make in life that are lifechanging; one of those is the decision to retire from the professoriate. Voluntarily deciding to leave a profession where one has spent a substantial portion of one’s working life is one of life’s major decisions. This qualitative research looks at the various influences, actions, and feelings through the process of deciding to retire. Using a five-stage cognitive decision-process model as a framework, this paper reports on the reflections of 20 recent retirees over the five stages of the decision process from when first seriously considering the decision to postretirement activities and feelings. The results show that while all faculty progressed through the five stages, the timeframe, influences, feelings, and actions were unique to each individual.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"59 1","pages":"80 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88112437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Documentary Research in the Social Sciences by Malcolm Tight","authors":"Marc R. H. Kosciejew","doi":"10.1177/1936724420982992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1936724420982992","url":null,"abstract":"Documentary research is ubiquitous within the social sciences. Most social research, whether qualitative or quantitative, involves documents, coupled with practices with those documents, during its unfolding. Endemic within the social sciences, documentary research “differs from other forms of research in that the objects of research (the data) exist already (in the form of documents). However, the processes involved in carrying out documentary research are analogous to, and should be just as rigorous as, those employed in other forms of social research” (Tight, 2019, p. 19). There are, in fact, many forms of social research and practices that depend heavily or exclusively on documentary research, such as library and archival science, historical research, policy research and analysis, literature and systematic reviews, secondary data analysis, and meta-analyses. Recognition of documentary research, however, remains seemingly underacknowledged, even taken for granted, in most discussions concerning social science and its variegated research projects and possibilities. In Documentary Research in the Social Sciences, Malcolm Tight—a professor of higher education studies with expertise in explorations into the complex nature of research—calls for greater attention to the importance of documentary research within the social sciences. Specifically, documentary research is indagation that, in one way or another, creates, concentrates on, or otherwise deals with or employs documents; or, put differently, it is research involving sundry work with heterogeneous documents. Conventional documents—namely, articles, assignments, books, chronicles, circulars, journals newspapers, reports, and so on—tend to be the principal objects of focus for most documentary research; however, documentary research also extends to and embraces wide-ranging and cross-disciplinary kinds of documents, such as drawings, pictures, films, maps, augmented and virtual reality, digital platforms, and software applications. Investigations involving documents do not necessarily create new data but, instead, analyze existing data instantiated within myriad documents. Claiming that “documents need to be treated with care,” Tight (2019, p. 18) argues that “undertaking research into documents . . . requires an appreciation and understanding of their purpose(s) and usage(s). No document should be treated as an objective tabula rasa or ‘tablet of stone’; rather, they have all been created by highly subjective and interested individuals such as you and me.” This appreciation and understanding can be developed by reflecting on four main questions (Tight, 2019, p. 18) while working with documents during one’s research activities, namely:","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"30 1","pages":"157 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85171658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Culture of Driving under the Influence of Cannabis and Alcohol in Washington State","authors":"Jay Otto, N. Ward, Kari Finley, S. Baldwin, Darrin Grondel","doi":"10.1177/1936724420980405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1936724420980405","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic crashes are a significant public health concern killing more than 37,000 people each year in the U.S. Poly-drug impaired driving is a growing factor in many fatal crashes. Research has shown that cannabis and alcohol (separately and combined) impair driving ability and increase crash risk. Washington State legalized recreational cannabis in 2014 and has since seen a steady increase in adult use of cannabis, and relatedly, drivers testing positive for compounds associated with cannabis. This study examined the behaviors and culture (e.g., shared values and beliefs) associated with driving under the influence of cannabis and alcohol of a representative sample of adults in Washington State. Most adults (91%) reported they did not drive within 2 hr of consuming cannabis and alcohol, had a negative attitude about that behavior (81%), and believed it was unacceptable (83%). Those drivers who reported they did drive within 2 hr of consuming cannabis and alcohol had different beliefs, for example that using cannabis after having too much to drink would calm them down and sober them up. This study examined the relationship between attitudes, behavioral beliefs, perceived injunctive and descriptive norms, perceived control beliefs, values, and assumptions and driving within 2 hr of consuming cannabis and alcohol.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"7 1","pages":"29 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84664149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Formal/Informal Wage Inequalities in Colombia: A Semiparametric Approach","authors":"Josefa Ramoni-Perazzi, Giampaolo Orlandoni-Merli","doi":"10.1177/1936724420975343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1936724420975343","url":null,"abstract":"Informality is a common problem in Colombia, with almost 50 percent of the workers employed in this sector. This may be a solution for unemployment, but it is a lose/lose game unless the individuals have a comparative advantage in the informal sector. This article uses information from the Colombian Great Integrated Household Survey (GIHS) to analyze the wage gap between formal and informal urban sectors in two different periods, 2008:4 and 2017:4, using a semiparametric approach. Kernel density functions by groups are estimated; counterfactuals are generated by weighting wages of informal sector workers by their probability of working in the formal sector, to estimate how much an informal sector worker could make if treated as formal, according to his characteristics. The results indicate that only some groups (self-employed and some entrepreneurs) are better off if formalized.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"63 1","pages":"107 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85007985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“People Have to Comply with the Measures”: Covid-19 in “Risk Society”","authors":"Costas S. Constantinou","doi":"10.1177/1936724420980374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1936724420980374","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19 is managed by many countries with the help of experts provided that people comply with the measures. This paper relies on the basic tenets of Beck’s theory of risk society to explain the production, distribution, and management of Covid-19 and makes suggestions for the management of future pandemics.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"44 1","pages":"3 - 11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73114588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Their Words: What Undergraduate Sociology Students Say about Community-Engaged Learning","authors":"Ashley A. Berard, Bruce Ravelli","doi":"10.1177/1936724420975460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1936724420975460","url":null,"abstract":"Community-engaged learning (CEL) is becoming increasingly popular across university and college campuses and sociology provides an ideal space for this type of learning to occur. While increased faculty workloads and the benefit of CEL for students are well documented, less is known about what individual students say about their CEL course experience. This paper provides a student perspective from an inaugural fourth-year sociology seminar course in CEL at the University of Victoria. The course gave students first-hand experience applying their sociological skills while reflecting on their positionality as students, peers, and researchers. Students cocreated and completed semester-long projects to aid their nonprofit community partners. To assess students’ experiences in the course, reflective journals were analyzed to explore what they said when they left the comfort of the classroom.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"30 1","pages":"197 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83181253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Perspectives on Public Land Management in Rural Montana and Idaho","authors":"Rebecca Rasch","doi":"10.1177/1936724420980410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1936724420980410","url":null,"abstract":"This exploratory analysis focuses on current perspectives of rural publics on public land management and posits that demographic shifts in the rural West may be reshaping relationships between rural publics and land managers. Focusing on rural residents in Montana and Idaho (i.e., those living outside of metropolitan or micropolitan counties), this work finds that younger generations and newer residents hold more favorable views of public land managers, compared with the views of older and long-time residents. Interestingly, both support for increasing environmental protections and a history of exposure to vegetation management projects positively predict more favorable views of public land managers. Even for those who favor more preservation of designated Wilderness, exposure to timber harvesting does not negatively affect their views of public land managers, suggesting that rural individuals in the West may now embody a mosaic of values, combining elements of a spiritual preservationist ethic with a pragmatic conservationist approach. This blend of values should provide hope for more fruitful collaborative land management approaches in the future.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"12 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88602067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociology and the Sustainable Development Goals: Or, Do We Really Have a Role in Changing the World?","authors":"J. M. Billson","doi":"10.1177/1936724420947008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1936724420947008","url":null,"abstract":"The Millennium Development Goals of 2000 to 2015 have been replaced by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of 2015 to 2030. How can these global aspirations guide sociologists in bringing our knowledge, skills, and insights to achieve justice and equality of opportunity? This essay relates each of the SDGs to our fundamental expertise.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"127 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87991636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Hybrid Institutional Logics Matter: The Importance of Trust and Embeddedness in Neighborhood Revitalization Collaborations","authors":"H. Bohn, David J. Roelfs","doi":"10.1177/1936724420947012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1936724420947012","url":null,"abstract":"This study applied an institutional logics framework to examine issues that challenged revitalization efforts in three distressed neighborhoods in an urban Midwest U.S. city. Specifically, it examined whether emergent hybrid (organizational) logics influenced multiple disconnected partnerships and collaborations. Thematic analyses were conducted on data from 39 semi-structured interviews conducted in two phases (n = 11 and n = 28, respectively). The interviewees were from the public, private, academia, and faith-based sectors and included interventions that impacted food insecurity, education, health, the built environment, crime, and substance and alcohol abuse. The findings showed the importance of trust as a hybrid logic impacting collaborations at multiple levels; we link this to additional findings on the level of structural embeddedness in the studied neighborhoods. The findings support the need for public health and community leaders to address gaps in trust/embeddedness in order to improve the success of community interventions. Practitioners and future researchers can apply the concept of hybrid institutional logics in the analysis of neighborhood collaborations, especially when there are multiple collaborations involving partners from different sectors.","PeriodicalId":39829,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"145 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90815341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}