Economic Herald of the Donbas最新文献

{"title":"Conceptual Provisions on the Directions of Cost Optimization of Energy Industry Enterprises","authors":"R. Reznikov","doi":"10.12958/1817-3772-2021-3(65)-253-261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2021-3(65)-253-261","url":null,"abstract":"Conceptual provisions on the directions of cost optimization of energy industry enterprises on the basis of system, information and project approaches are proposed, which provide for the implementation of procedures for diagnosis and optimization of suboptimal costs and control of the implementation of relevant projects. Diagnosis of suboptimal costs of energy companies is proposed to be carried out using a comprehensive approach to the diagnosis of suboptimal costs based on a combination of information-logical, descriptive-analytical and economic-mathematical models of enterprise analysis, as well as full analysis (vertical and horizontal) of financial statements including P&L, analysis of Cash Flow and financial balance of the enterprise. Applying the appropriate approach allows you to identify the costs that the company can optimize without affecting the quality of electricity and without violating other aspects of the company, which frees up the company to upgrade equipment, additional logistics, reduce electricity costs and implement other projects in within the portfolio. To optimize the costs of energy companies, an appropriate project-oriented approach is proposed, which is based on the use of the method of forming a portfolio of optimization projects using a combination of WSJF model and 6 sigma matrix. The uniqueness of the approach lies in the synergy of the proposed tools and methods and their implementation for energy companies. The proposed approach allows to form a portfolio of interconnected projects, which allows to achieve better financial results through synergies between projects and saves energy companies through more efficient use of its financial resources. Implementation of conceptual provisions on the areas of cost optimization of energy companies allows to reduce the cost of electricity, losses of enterprises and increase their profitability by reinvesting savings in cost optimization projects. Optimization is achieved by diagnosing those costs that can be reduced without affecting quality and in which it makes sense to invest from an economic point of view.","PeriodicalId":397888,"journal":{"name":"Economic Herald of the Donbas","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121443301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of the Normative and Institutional Base of Functioning of Industrial Parks in the Conditions of Decentralization","authors":"O. Borodina","doi":"10.12958/1817-3772-2021-3(65)-41-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2021-3(65)-41-55","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of the article is on the normative and institutional approach to optimizing the further functioning of industrial parks in Ukraine, namely: the need for systemic changes in the innovation and investment sphere to increase GDP growth per capita. The analysis of influence of industrial parks on macroeconomic indicators of a number of countries, and also, stimuli and dynamics of development of industrial parks in national economies of the world is carried out. Automation and maximum normative and institutional simplification of procedures in the creation and operation of industrial parks of foreign countries are stated. Emphasis is placed on the effectiveness of policies to prevent financial abuse in the procedures of state support for industrial parks, as well as the relevant factors enshrined in the legislation of some countries. The analysis of indicators of deindustrialization of the Ukrainian industry simultaneously with sharp \"investment hunger\" of economy of Ukraine which provokes unemployment, preserves poverty of the population, slows down industrial reconstruction is executed. The list of factors that complicate the implementation of industrial parks is systematized. The state of the regulatory framework for the functioning of industrial parks is analyzed, the presence of a number of draft laws aimed at restarting the idea of ​​creating and maintaining industrial parks is stated. Arguments of significant influence of industrial parks on the development of regional infrastructure and economy are given. It is stated that for many regions the development of industrial parks can be a salvation from repression. The criteria of expediency of their creation and efficiency of work in the regions are systematized. Emphasis is placed on the need to pay attention to regions in need of economic diversification, in particular the old coal regions, which fall under the government's mine closure program. As a concrete example, the analysis of the prospects of economic development of Donetsk region in the framework of the implementation of the Concept of economic development of Donetsk and Luhansk regions, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers in December 2020. An analysis of the latest strategic documents, in particular, the approved Development Strategy of Donetsk and Luhansk regions for the period up to 2030, given the comprehensive analysis, provided proposals for optimizing the regulatory and institutional framework for the formation and effective operation of industrial parks in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":397888,"journal":{"name":"Economic Herald of the Donbas","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121562831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of Management in the System of Coordination of Decisions at the Enterprises","authors":"S. Turlakova, B. Lohvinenko","doi":"10.12958/1817-3772-2021-2(64)-151-155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2021-2(64)-151-155","url":null,"abstract":"The features of management in the system of coordination of decisions at enterprises are considered. The relevance of reflexive management in the system of coordination of decisions at the enterprise has been determined. The analysis of the conceptual component of reflexive management processes in the decision coordination system is carried out. It is concluded that the development of appropriate mechanisms of reflexive management at enterprises should be based on the study of the system of psychological characteristics of decision-making by subjects to ensure an increase in controllability of both personnel and the enterprise as a whole. The features of management in the system of decision coordination at enterprises are determined, which necessitate the construction of conceptual provisions of reflexive management of decision coordination at enterprises within the framework of the above definitions. The implementation of reflexive management in the system for coordinating decisions at the enterprise will reduce the time for developing management decisions, reduce risk and uncertainty in the process of coordinating decisions, and increase the efficiency of the enterprise, using the full potential of production interactions of workers.","PeriodicalId":397888,"journal":{"name":"Economic Herald of the Donbas","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121581813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of Strategic Management of Innovative Development of Industrial Enterprises","authors":"M. Korzh, E. Belikova, I. Fomichenko, S. Barkova","doi":"10.12958/1817-3772-2021-3(65)-184-190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2021-3(65)-184-190","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the main aspects of strategic management of industrial development. A model of strategic management of an industrial enterprise has been developed. It is proved that the combination of integration of strategic and innovation management leads to the improvement of enterprises' competitive position in the market by creating competitive advantages. Peculiarities of formation of strategic management of innovative development at the industrial enterprise are investigated, the main of which is perspective orientation of innovative activity on inquiries of consumers, flexible reaction and continuous updating of parameters of business model, proceeding from competition requirements, towards achievement of steady advantages by development of creativity and intellectual potential of the enterprise, which causes the growth of its importance in the management system of a modern enterprise in terms of innovative development. It is determined that the main advantages of strategic thinking in terms of leadership and management of the enterprise are: the ability to subordinate all activities to a key aspect of strategy; the ability to more clearly respond to changes in the internal environment and the environment by the owners and management of the enterprise; the ability of enterprise managers to assess alternatives for capital investment and staff development, which provides opportunities for redeployment of resources to strategic areas and strategic projects for enterprise development and others. The stages of strategic innovation management are outlined, which will ensure the achievement of the desired results through the implementation of innovative implementations in the future.","PeriodicalId":397888,"journal":{"name":"Economic Herald of the Donbas","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125429154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the State and Changes in the Labor Sphere, Ensuring the Quality of Working Life in the Context of Digitalization of the Economy","authors":"O. Novikova, L. Shamileva, O. Khandii","doi":"10.12958/1817-3772-2021-3(65)-191-205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2021-3(65)-191-205","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an assessment of the state of the labor sphere and the quality of working life in the context of digitalization of the economy and society. The general conditions for ensuring and forming a decent quality of working life are assessed on the basis of changes in macroeconomic indicators of economic development in general and the digital sector with the determination of the efficiency of living labor costs. The share of the digital sector in the structure of the national economy, labor productivity of employees in the digital sector compared to national indicators are characterized. The dynamics of changes in the main socio-economic indicators of the development of the labor sphere of Ukraine for 2013-2020 and the structural transformation of employment by type of economic activity are analyzed. Changes in precariat in Ukraine for 2013-2020 and its share in the employed population are estimated. The characteristics of the dynamics of nominal, average, minimum wages for 2013-2020 in the context of ensuring the quality of working life are given. The social orientations in the system of remuneration and changes of social and economic indicators in Ukraine for the studied period are analyzed. The results of subjective assessment of working conditions, the level of dissatisfaction with their work are presented. It is concluded that the digitalization of the economy promotes the spread of non-standard forms of employment and creates new opportunities for employment in the labor market, and at the same time generates shadowing of employment, hidden unemployment and part-time employment, which limits the impact of high quality of life. It is proved that the low level of economic development and insignificant level of ICT implementation, technical and technological backwardness of national production have not affected the labor market, so far it has not changed under the influence of digital technologies.","PeriodicalId":397888,"journal":{"name":"Economic Herald of the Donbas","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115753019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives for the Development of the Environmental Taxation System: Consolidation, Differentiation, Expansion of the Tax Base","authors":"V. Ostrovetskyy","doi":"10.12958/1817-3772-2020-4(62)-64-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2020-4(62)-64-69","url":null,"abstract":"The current economic situation in Ukraine, which is exacerbated by several global issues, such as the political crisis in eastern Ukraine and the spread of COVID-19, requires continuous improvement and development of new environmental instruments to be developed based on balancing state and society as well as preserving the country's natural resource potential for future generations. The system of environmental protection instruments must ensure the efficient functioning of the economic system and not create an excessive burden. Economic instruments: taxes, licenses, quotas, fees, special permits, are gradually replacing the command-administrative methods of environmental management, the system of which was built based on special subsidies, the use of which justified itself in centralized management of the economy in Soviet times. However, in the conditions of the development of market relations, which are based on the principles of democracy, entrepreneurship, development of various forms of ownership, the system of subsidies proved to be ineffective. To replace it began to develop a system of economic incentives for environmental protection, the main elements of which are accessible to the object of use (license, permit), as well as a special fee, tax, the parameters of which are set depending on the scale of damage (pollution) in absolute values or as a percentage of the cost of production. Among the main tools for regulating the environmental aspects of industrial production, first of all, are those that regulate the supply and demand for goods (services), the production and sale of which harms consumers and the environment. Based on the analysis of the dynamics and structure of the main macroeconomic proportions, as well as methods of state regulation of market relations, the article emphasizes the need to adhere to the concept of \"green\" growth, including through the development and consolidation of environmental taxation. Among the areas of activity in this area, it is proposed to deepen the differentiation of environmental taxation parameters and expand the tax base (expansion of the list of goods, production (consumption) of which is subject to environmental taxation).","PeriodicalId":397888,"journal":{"name":"Economic Herald of the Donbas","volume":"412 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132341958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of Human Development in Regions of Ukraine (Integrated Approach)","authors":"V. Stolyarova, O. Shynkaryuk, V. Stolyarov, V. Antoshkin, O. Goryacha, G. Frolova","doi":"10.12958/1817-3772-2021-4(66)-89-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2021-4(66)-89-98","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarizes the basics of information and methodological metrology of regional human development, the formation and development of which were approved by the Government of Ukraine in 2001, 2012 and 2017. Particular attention is paid to the problems of coordination of the assessment of the dynamics of the components of the Regional Human Development Index (RHDI) with the indicators of the National Regional Development Strategies for the periods up to 2015, 2020 and 2027. In the context of assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of the mechanism of state regulation of regional human development on the basis of its forecasting revealed the essence and content of the 4 stages of the algorithm of comprehensive rating assessment of RHDI. Methods of clustering of regions by appropriate components, methods and procedures of composition and decomposition of components of RHDI were used in order to ensure socio-economic security of regions. Differentiation of the system of indicators and procedures for monitoring regional human development at the subnational (regional) level allows to more objectively determine the socio-economic policy of regional and local executive bodies to improve the quality of life of villages, towns, cities, districts and administrative regions of Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":397888,"journal":{"name":"Economic Herald of the Donbas","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132417152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Level of Institutional Convergence in Ukraine and Ukrainian Industry","authors":"O. Serdiuk","doi":"10.12958/1817-3772-2022-2(68)-4-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2022-2(68)-4-20","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the analysis of international indices characterizing the quality of institutions, an assessment of the level of institutional convergence in Ukraine and Ukrainian industry was made. Internal indicators of indices (sub-indices), which are informative about convergent/divergent processes, are taken into account. It was established that for the purposes of assessing the level of institutional convergence in the state as a whole, the following indicators are informative: political stability and absence of violence; absence of corruption; effectiveness of law enforcement; protection of physical property rights. At the same time, it was established that in the case of Ukraine, the indicator of political stability and absence of violence is not a self-sufficient characteristic of convergent/divergent processes, since its indicator is affected by external threats, and therefore it was excluded from the calculations. Indicators are unified to a single rating scale from 0 to 1, where 0 corresponds to absolute divergence, and 1 to complete convergence. It was established that the level of institutional convergence in Ukraine corresponds to the indicator - 0.44. Informative indicators of the absence of corruption, protection of physical property rights and protection of patents have been determined for the industry. Based on these indicators, an integral indicator of 0.475 was calculated, which characterizes the level of institutional convergence in industry. A mediocre indicator determines the expediency of implementing a policy to increase it.","PeriodicalId":397888,"journal":{"name":"Economic Herald of the Donbas","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130208292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical Approaches to the Definition of «Digital Logistics»","authors":"Y. Shkrygun","doi":"10.12958/1817-3772-2021-3(65)-137-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2021-3(65)-137-146","url":null,"abstract":"A retrospective analysis of the essence of the term «logistics», consideration of different scientific approaches, the historical context of the evolutionary development of logistics can be considered as a theoretical basis for the definition of digital logistics. In the context of the spread of digitalization and strengthening the relationship and speed of interaction of market participants in logistics services, a comprehensive understanding of the essence of digital logistics and prospects for its further development is the key to effective business. The article presents the key components and main trends in the development of digital logistics. Emphasis is placed on the importance of taking into account changes in consumer consciousness, in particular environmental responsibility, as a result of the impact of digitalization on the market, taking into account the final personalized consumer.","PeriodicalId":397888,"journal":{"name":"Economic Herald of the Donbas","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134323158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of Privatization on the Port Systems of the World","authors":"A. Demianchenko, M. Dergausov, V. Ryabchuk","doi":"10.12958/1817-3772-2021-3(65)-110-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2021-3(65)-110-114","url":null,"abstract":"The maritime freight industry plays an important role in world trade, allowing countries to use the relatively cheap option of moving goods from one part of the world to another. Seaports play an important role in this process. It has been argued that port privatization promotes foreign investment and infrastructural development of the country, as well as provides access to technology to improve overall operational productivity. For many, if not all, coastal countries, ports are critical hubs for international trade flows. If they work effectively, the economy, the electorate and the country as a whole will benefit – but, unfortunately, the opposite is also true. In essence, ports have been nominated as ideal candidates for privatization because, by exchanging millions of tons of cargo and passengers each year, their level of productivity and efficiency affects the entire economy. In addition, with extremely large investment portfolios due to the nature of the infrastructure and superstructures required for the efficient operation of the port, long-term return on investment is critical to justify sustainability. Standard economic theory assumes that under highly competitive market conditions, marginal costs will be equal to marginal revenue, and a fully competitive quantity of goods or services will be supplied and purchased. Ports can perform various functions. Land ownership applies to tangible assets such as embankment walls, berths, terminals and parking areas. The regulation of the port concerns navigation and ensuring compliance with such issues as waste removal, safety of crew members, operation of vessels. In the above models, a purely state seaport will be a port where all three elements are under state control. A purely private port would be the opposite of the above, where all three elements are under the control of a private organization. A complication may exist when all three elements are provided privately by the same entity, which may develop a monopoly and lead to market failure. The public-private port system will be one where the land is state-owned, the port is regulated by the state, while the actual operation is performed privately. This allows the state to have a controlling stake in key elements such as land, infrastructure and regulation, while operations are improved in terms of efficiency because they are performed privately. There are two models of port management or regulatory management: complex, lease and \"tool\". The analysis shows that there is no clear directive as to whether private ownership prevails over state ownership, and any privatization decision must take into account its objectives, unique market conditions and the general constraints encountered in privatizing the firm.","PeriodicalId":397888,"journal":{"name":"Economic Herald of the Donbas","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131230777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}