Business and Politics最新文献_第3页

AI regulation in the European Union: examining non-state actor preferences 欧盟的人工智能监管：研究非国家行为者的偏好

IF 1.8 3区社会学

Business and Politics Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1017/bap.2023.36

Jonas Tallberg, Magnus Lundgren, Johannes Geith

{"title":"AI regulation in the European Union: examining non-state actor preferences","authors":"Jonas Tallberg, Magnus Lundgren, Johannes Geith","doi":"10.1017/bap.2023.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/bap.2023.36","url":null,"abstract":"As the development and use of artificial intelligence (AI) continues to grow, policymakers are increasingly grappling with the question of how to regulate this technology. The most far-reaching international initiative is the European Union (EU) AI Act, which aims to establish the first comprehensive, binding framework for regulating AI. In this article, we offer the first systematic analysis of non-state actor preferences toward international regulation of AI, focusing on the case of the EU AI Act. Theoretically, we develop an argument about the regulatory preferences of business actors and other non-state actors under varying conditions of AI sector competitiveness. Empirically, we test these expectations using data from public consultations on European AI regulation. Our findings are threefold. First, all types of non-state actors express concerns about AI and support regulation in some form. Second, there are nonetheless significant differences across actor types, with business actors being less concerned about the downsides of AI and more in favor of lax regulation than other non-state actors. Third, these differences are more pronounced in countries with stronger commercial AI sectors. Our findings shed new light on non-state actor preferences toward AI regulation and point to challenges for policymakers balancing competing interests in society.","PeriodicalId":39749,"journal":{"name":"Business and Politics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139759842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stakeholder Cues, National Origin, and Public Opinion Towards Firms: Evidence in the Context of the First Bank in an American Indian Nation 利益相关者线索、民族血统和公众对企业的看法：美国印第安民族第一家银行的证据

IF 1.8 3区社会学

Business and Politics Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1017/bap.2023.29

Rachel L. Wellhausen, Donn L. Feir, Calvin Thrall

{"title":"Stakeholder Cues, National Origin, and Public Opinion Towards Firms: Evidence in the Context of the First Bank in an American Indian Nation","authors":"Rachel L. Wellhausen, Donn L. Feir, Calvin Thrall","doi":"10.1017/bap.2023.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/bap.2023.29","url":null,"abstract":"When and how does stakeholder credibility matter in shaping public opinion? We explore this question in a real-world setting: in order to fight its citizens’ financial exclusion—a key barrier to development in Indian Country—American Indian Nation “A” negotiated the first entry of the first bank to its reservation. The bank is owned by American Indian Nation “B.” To the Federal Reserve, the bank branch is a potential proof-of-concept for the capacity of tribe-to-tribe investment to improve capital access in underserved Native communities. The bank’s success ultimately depends on whether Nation A’s citizens use its services; in the months before its opening, all three stakeholders independently attempted to influence public opinion toward the bank. We collaborated to conduct a first-of-its-kind survey of Nation A’s tribal members, finding high baseline buy-in especially given the bank’s nationality, but weak and even counterproductive treatment effects of pro-banking cues provided by Nation A and the Federal Reserve. Our results make clear the practical benefits of theory-building around stakeholder credibility, and the crucial role of individual attitudes in the political economy of development.","PeriodicalId":39749,"journal":{"name":"Business and Politics","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139760142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antidumping Protectionism and Globalized Economies 反倾销保护主义与全球化经济

IF 1.8 3区社会学

Business and Politics Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1017/bap.2023.31

Tyler Coleman

引用次数: 0

Is industrial policy back in fashion? Text-as-data evidence from UK policy documents 产业政策重新流行起来了吗？英国政策文件中的文本即数据证据

IF 1.8 3区社会学

Business and Politics Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1017/bap.2023.37

Mircea Popa

引用次数: 0

Relative strength and foreign direct investment in civil conflicts 国内冲突中的相对实力和外国直接投资

3区社会学

Business and Politics Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1017/bap.2023.23

Samaila Oluwatope Adelaiye, Si Chen, Mehwish Sarwari

引用次数: 0

Business politicians and fiscal consolidation 商业政治家和财政整顿

3区社会学

Business and Politics Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1017/bap.2023.24

Nicola Nones

{"title":"Business politicians and fiscal consolidation","authors":"Nicola Nones","doi":"10.1017/bap.2023.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/bap.2023.24","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract What explains the variation in countries’ propensity to engage in austerity policy? Economic and political country-level factors are the paramount explanations in the literature. Nevertheless, variation in fiscal preferences at the executive level remains underexplored, except for ideology. Moreover, budget decisions are endogenous to the state of the economy, thus casting doubt on standard measures based on the debt and/or deficit ratio. This article contributes to the literature in two ways. First, I turn to the individual level of analysis and suggest that leaders with business experience are more likely to pursue a balanced budget and tend to implement fiscal consolidation policies based on spending cuts. Second, I ease concerns about individuals’ self-selection into office by relying on fiscal adjustments that are weakly orthogonal to the economic cycle. The statistical analysis of a panel of 17 OECD countries between 1978 and 2014 confirms the theoretical expectations. The results are robust to a variety of specification and statistical methodologies and hold for a subset of as-if random leadership transitions following close elections. A case study of Brian Mulroney's governments in Canada (1984–93) further illustrates the argument.","PeriodicalId":39749,"journal":{"name":"Business and Politics","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136235466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Economic globalization and the fracturing of business interest representation in the European Union – CORRIGENDUM 经济全球化和欧盟商业利益代表的分裂-勘误表

3区社会学

Business and Politics Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1017/bap.2023.28

Marcel Hanegraaff, Arlo Poletti, Ellis Aizenberg

引用次数: 0

Enforcing economic sanctions by tarnishing corporate reputations 通过玷污企业声誉来实施经济制裁

IF 1.8 3区社会学

Business and Politics Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1017/bap.2023.22

Keith A. Preble, B. Early

引用次数: 1

What types of social policies does business want? Examining German employer associations’ positions toward labor-protective and labor-activating social policies 企业需要什么样的社会政策?考察德国雇主协会对劳动保护和劳动激活社会政策的立场

IF 1.8 3区社会学

Business and Politics Pub Date : 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.1017/bap.2023.18

Benedikt Bender, Thomas Paster

{"title":"What types of social policies does business want? Examining German employer associations’ positions toward labor-protective and labor-activating social policies","authors":"Benedikt Bender, Thomas Paster","doi":"10.1017/bap.2023.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/bap.2023.18","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Studies inspired by the varieties of capitalism (VoC) approach suggest that in coordinated market economies, some employer associations support public social policies to encourage the workforce to invest in company and industry-specific skills (VoC thesis). Yet the VoC thesis remains disputed. We present and assess an alternative thesis that builds on employers’ interest in the protection of labor supply (labor supply thesis). We test the labor supply thesis using a systematic content analysis of 370 press releases issued from 2002 to 2017 and find evidence of moderate employer support for more labor-activating social policies and less labor-protective social policies. Moreover, the analysis shows a decline in preference heterogeneity, with the positions of the four German employer associations converging toward the end of the period analyzed. Our findings have theoretical and methodological implications: First, they point to the relevance of labor supply as a source of employers’ social policy preferences. Second, they point to the need for a more systematic measurement of employer policy positions to be able to compare positions accurately.","PeriodicalId":39749,"journal":{"name":"Business and Politics","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89482229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Federal Climate Policy Successes: Co-benefits, Business Acceptance, and Partisan Politics 联邦气候政策的成功:共同利益、商业接受和党派政治

IF 1.8 3区社会学

Business and Politics Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.1017/bap.2023.21

R. Karapin, D. Vogel

{"title":"Federal Climate Policy Successes: Co-benefits, Business Acceptance, and Partisan Politics","authors":"R. Karapin, D. Vogel","doi":"10.1017/bap.2023.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/bap.2023.21","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 While most literature on federal climate change policies has focused on failures to adopt broad policies, this article describes and explains successes in two important sectors. Regulations to improve the fuel economy of motor vehicles and efficiency standards for appliances and equipment have produced substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, although they largely have other goals and hence can be considered implicit climate policies. We synthesize the existing literature with our analyses of case studies to offer three explanations for the adoption of effective policies in these two sectors. First, the policies delivered politically popular co-benefits, such as reducing consumers’ energy bills, enhancing energy security, and promoting public health. Second, they gained business acceptance because they were narrow in their scope, avoided long-term economic costs, and helped industry cope with state-level regulations; industry often strategically tried to influence these policies rather than resist them. Third, the legislation that initiated and expanded these policies received bipartisan support, which was aided by co-benefits and business acceptance; more recently, these laws have been strengthened through the actions of Democratic administrations. We conclude by comparing these policy areas to the passage of the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022.","PeriodicalId":39749,"journal":{"name":"Business and Politics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83255063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0