Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence最新文献

{"title":"Les fonctions exécutives et leur influence sur les performances académiques chez les enfants d’âge scolaire en Tunisie","authors":"S.-E. Saadi","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Executive functions are essential cognitive abilities that help children adapt to the school environment, thus facilitating their academic success. This study used a correlational approach to examine the relationship between executive functions and academic performance in school-aged children in Tunisia. The focus was on understanding how different components of executive functions, such as working memory (WM), mental flexibility, and inhibition, relate to achievement in core subjects including language-related subjects, mathematics, and sciences.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>A sample of 180 children, aged 7 to 12 years old, was assessed using the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) which was filled out by both parents and teachers. The BRIEF is a well-established tool for evaluating executive functions in children and provides a comprehensive view of their behavior in different settings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis showed strong correlations between working memory (WM) and performance in language arts and mathematics, as reported by teachers. Correlations were weaker for mental flexibility and inhibition in language arts and moderate for mathematics. Parent evaluations revealed generally weaker correlations in language arts, though moderate correlations were found for mathematics. No significant correlation was identified for science across all executive functions assessed in both types of evaluations. Additionally, other executive functions, such as planning/organization, showed strong correlations with language arts and mathematics in teacher evaluations and moderate correlations in parent evaluations. Inhibitory control displayed strong correlations with language arts and mathematics according to teachers but more moderate correlations in parent evaluations.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The results revealed notable variability between teacher and parent assessments. Teachers reported stronger correlations between executive functions and academic performance. The lack of significant correlations for science in both evaluations contrasts with conclusions typically reported in the literature. These discrepancies may be explained by the use of different assessment tools in various studies, cultural factors, or specific characteristics of science instruction in Tunisia within the context of this sample.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Executive functions play a key role in primary school students’ academic success. Understanding their link to academic performance would help identify students in need of additional support and facilitate the implementation of targeted remediation programs. Future research should consider factors that influence the assessment of these functions. Furthermore, exploring the relationship between executive functions and academic achievement through predictive models would represent a promising avenue to analyz","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construire, déconstruire, reconstruire les souvenirs : l’inlassable tâche du patient en psychothérapie, l’indéfectible engagement du thérapeute ? À propos de quelques particularités dans l’accompagnement psychothérapique des enfants et des adolescents","authors":"C. Mille, M. Braun, O. Yendjadj","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Remembering, again and again, to solve the enigma of a symptomatic expression related to a burrowed suffering, such is the response of a more or less zealous neurotic patient to his or her psychoanalyst's implicit expectations. The stream of screen memories is churned out in a transference field of attraction and renders the suitable material to develop successive drafts of a “explanatory biography”. Traumatic memories which are the most present in the patient's memory often get their affective and emotional charge from an afterwardsness effect and invite one to pursue research in other regredient ways towards an older past. It is evident though that the therapist is not able to reach “pure memories”, and that in the course of time only “pivotal” memories show up around which fantasies spin and strengthen. Yet we know about Freud's persistence, even after he gave up on his “Neurotica” in “searching for the source of the Nile”, that is to say having access to the oldest memories, and how he hung onto his first conception according to which fantasies would only emerge from a previous experience. The constructions from the psychoanalyst, put together based on his theoretical bedrock, have thus the function of filling in the gaps of memory and in favourable cases allow the patient's associations to be revitalised and help the emergence of even more concealed memories. They are also supposed to be plausible hypotheses for the reconstruction of traces from a non-memorable past. Memories also contribute to forge a sense of identity and come within the scope of everyone's “identificatory compromise”. Consequently, the therapist's role could consist of supporting the work of the “I, historian” his patient is trying to make, taking into account the narratives from his kin, the noteworthy moments in the course of his life, and the way he cares about his self-image. It comes down to the therapist to help the patient with splitting off from the official versions which summon him to an incontestable place in the generations succession or in the family dynamics. In this perspective, the psychotherapeutic work aims to give value to the memories that might lead to new prospects but may encounter difficult obstacles to overcome. A child in psychotherapy is barely preoccupied by remembering the past, which does not prevent him from being sensitive to the fact that his therapist might make references to material from former sessions or remind him what was going on at the moment they met. A teenager's position is fundamentally different: he might not tolerate being relegated to the persistent role of the infantile when he is trying to be acknowledged in his teenage identity. He can, however, rediscover the pleasure of telling, portraying himself as the therapist suggests wordings and rewordings. Naturally, each case appears to be different from one teenager to another, depending on the underlying psychopathological organisation of their personality. Some of","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 18-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Régulation émotionnelle, alexithymie et dissociation chez les adolescents hospitalisés : un modèle de médiation par équation structurelle","authors":"S. Chergui ,&nbsp;P. Fourneret ,&nbsp;P. Espi ,&nbsp;C. Gauld","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Dissociation is a major phenomenon in child and adolescent psychiatry. It involves an involuntary disruption in the adequate integration of psychological functions, related to various neuropsychological mechanisms. This study aims to examine the relationships between dissociation, emotion regulation, and alexithymia in adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>. Forty-eight hospitalized adolescents (aged 12–16) were recruited from February 2022 to October 2023. They completed the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). A series of multiple regressions and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were conducted to analyze the relationships among these variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings revealed a significant association between dissociation (DES) and alexithymia (TAS) (β<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.45, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.002), as well as between dissociation and difficulties in emotion regulation (DERS) (β<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.98, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.018). The SEM indicated that while the total effect of alexithymia on dissociation was significant (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001), the specific mediating effect of emotion regulation was not statistically significant (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.29).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>These results highlight the importance of alexithymia in the dissociative experience of adolescents, independent of emotion regulation difficulties. The absence of a mediating effect of DERS suggests that dissociation and alexithymia may be directly related without the involvement of emotion regulation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study opens avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting alexithymia to alleviate dissociative symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 44-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Les parents au cœur des interventions dans le TSA en France : focus sur la thérapie d’échange et de développement","authors":"R. Blanc ,&nbsp;A. Rambault ,&nbsp;P. Dansart ,&nbsp;H. Zoppé ,&nbsp;F. Bonnet-Brilhault ,&nbsp;J. Malvy","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concepts of care for children with ASD have evolved significantly over the past two decades. These evolutions have been possible thanks not only to an earlier identification of the developmental particularities of children, but also by the development of earlier intervention programs and a better consideration of family needs. This present work aims to present the evolution of these care practices for children with ASD and their families in France, illustrating it with the example of exchange and development therapy and EDT through parent involvement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"73 2","pages":"Pages 57-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agenda","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"72 8","pages":"Pages 402-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Une symptomatologie autistique ? À la croisée de trois lectures diagnostiques","authors":"Valentine d’Aspremont Lynden ,&nbsp;Cécile Vander Vorst ,&nbsp;Anne Wintgens","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We herein present the case of a child treated in our outpatient clinic, by a resident physician in child psychiatry. His symptoms of autism were seemingly evident at first glance. However, his medical history, psychosocial background and neurodevelopment led us to question this diagnosis with nuance and caution. In this situation, we observed the intertwining of neurological, developmental and psychological factors, all of which seem to have played a role in the evolution of symptoms presented by the patient. We felt it was essential to allow space for each of these three potential diagnostic readings. Our investment in this situation was particularly marked by the obstacles we encountered in setting up appropriate treatment. These difficulties arose as a result of network overload, administrative difficulties encountered by the parents, cultural and language barriers, as well as familial limitations and resistance to assistance. Despite this, the psychological mobilisation of the parents seemed to play an important role in this child's evolution. Finally, this case led us to consider the importance of prevention, particularly in perinatal care. Identification by a team of child psychiatrists in the immediate postpartum period would probably have prevented, at least in part, this child's deterioration and limited the family's suffering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"72 7","pages":"Pages 322-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142555697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quels soins pédopsychiatriques proposer aux enfants de parents présentant une pathologie psychiatrique ? Réflexions à partir d’une situation clinique","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper initiates a theoretical-clinical reflection on the specificity of child psychiatric support for children of psychotic parents or those suffering from severe personality disorders, at the time of the psychotherapeutic follow-up of a five-year-old child presenting psychomotor agitation. Over and above the multiple biopsychosocial risk factors, these complex situations require child psychiatrists to clarify their support and public health role in order to guarantee coherent care and expertise. Indeed, the various players involved (child welfare, justice, education, adult psychiatry, neuropediatric, etc.) may ignore one another or take on a role that exceeds their field of competence : the result is sometimes a certain confusion of roles, or even confusing measures and contradictory positions. When a child's symptomatology and that of his or her family preclude the use of classic, standardized interviews, it seems to us that narrative work is best carried out as close as possible to the subject's spontaneous enunciation (spoken or acted). We can then attempt to identify the operative stages of care and postulate that it is only when the child names his own impulsivity (his “crazy” part) that he will be able to recognize it in his parent. This opens the possibility of a certain representation of parental psychopathology and of putting it into narrative form. First postulated as a subject, this child is invited to name his psychomotor excitement, then that of his parent: “volcano”. The loss of a concrete object, a “blue pebble”, between two sessions, opens the space for representation and graphic expression. This object of reality becomes an object of mediation between him and his therapist and is presented as the support for a signifier, “blue”: in this way, a process of encryption and symbolization begins, an attempt to put the world in order. The signifier “blue” (which cools and extinguishes fire) is articulated with the signifier “red” (which burns and excites) in complex constructions, but not without effect on the patient's body and symptoms. These clinical elements could be passed on to the various partners and could support their care, educational, rehabilitative and expert missions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"72 7","pages":"Pages 341-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141043136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact des attentats du 13 novembre 2015 sur les enfants des civils exposés et sur les relations parents–enfants","authors":"S. Fierdepied ,&nbsp;Y. Motreff ,&nbsp;P. Pirard ,&nbsp;T. Baubet","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Santé publique France carried out a web-based epidemiological survey (ESPA 13 Novembre) between 8 and 12 months after the terrorist attacks of the 13 November 2015. This was done in order to explore the post-traumatic psychological impact of the attacks on the directly exposed civilians and responders as well as their use of healthcare services. The survey took the form of a series of closed-ended questions as well as several open-ended questions. We present here an analysis of the responses of civilians to the following specific question: “If you have children, can you tell us whether you think the experience you went through had an effect on them, or on your relationship with them? Can you explain?”.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To find out about the impact of the attacks on the children of exposed civilians and on parent–child relationships, something that has never been studied in the context of mass attacks.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We carried out a thematic analysis of civilians’ responses to this specific question, building up general themes by data reduction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analyses revealed four main themes which relate to the impact of the exposure to terrorist attacks on parent-child relationships, the changes experienced in their role as parents, their children's reactions and, finally, the ways in which they tried to protect their children.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The parents highlighted the psychological changes that operated in them, their unease, their fear of the outside world, and their concern for their children's safety. They discussed the consequences of the attacks on their children in terms of stress, insecurity, psychological disturbances, and even of the emergence of real disorders. The parents have tried to fulfil their protective role in a variety of ways, sometimes with a feeling of powerlessness reinforced for some by the difficulty of finding suitable care spaces. Attachment bonds have, for the most part, tightened in these families demonstrating their reassuring function within the group. It seems essential to care for children, and the family as a whole, alongside their parents, in order to re-establish secure attachment bonds which are a factor in resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"72 7","pages":"Pages 334-340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141851654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profil sociodémographique et clinique des enfants examinés en pédopsychiatrie dans un cadre médico-légal","authors":"Marwa Boussaid ,&nbsp;Asma Guedria ,&nbsp;Roua Manaa ,&nbsp;Rakia Soiniya ,&nbsp;Abir Aissaoui","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Child and adolescent psychiatrists are increasingly being requested by judicial authorities to examine children and adolescents. This increase is in part attributable to progress in Tunisian legislation on the protection of women and children. Nevertheless, clinicians have encountered several difficulties in conducting these examinations. This study aims to analyse the epidemiological and clinical profiles of children examined in a medico-legal context and to discuss the difficulties in managing these examinations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study that examined the records of all patients referred to the Child Psychiatry Department in Monastir as part of medico-legal examinations during the years 2021–2022. We therefore filled in a form to investigate the child's socio-demographic data, background and the specifics of the medical-legal examination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study included 454 children and adolescents with a M/F sex ratio equal to 103 and an average age of 11 years. The majority of the population was of low socioeconomic status and lived in a disrupted environment. Child abuse (60.1%), particularly of the sexual type (53.5%), was the most frequent reason for requesting a medico-legal examination, and the diagnoses retained were dominated by acute and post-traumatic stress disorders and adjustment disorders. We also observed a high rate of interruption in medical follow-up and limited availability of information regarding legal outcomes for children in need of psychiatric care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The current study delves into a significant matter by delineating the socio-demographic and clinical profiles of children undergoing examination in child psychiatry within a medico-legal framework. Collaboration among all stakeholders is thus imperative to ensure improved management and, most importantly, the continuity of care for this specific population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"72 7","pages":"Pages 327-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142555698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"J.-M. Coq","doi":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neurenf.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39666,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatrie de l''Enfance et de l''Adolescence","volume":"72 7","pages":"Pages 350-351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142555699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}