Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
MedTech innovation across the life course - the importance of users and usability. 贯穿生命历程的医疗技术创新——用户和可用性的重要性。
Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2022.2091173
Wendy B Tindale, Paul Dimitri
{"title":"MedTech innovation across the life course - the importance of users and usability.","authors":"Wendy B Tindale, Paul Dimitri","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2091173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2091173","url":null,"abstract":"This special edition of the Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology highlights technology innovations supported by two of the English national MedTech Co-operatives – NIHR Devices for Dignity and the NIHR Children and Young People MedTech Co-operatives. We particularly consider the need for, and impact of, users and usability in the innovation journey, brought to life through a number of case studies across the life course.","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33449384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Managing interorganisational collaborations to develop medical technologies: the contribution of interpersonal relationships. 管理组织间合作以发展医疗技术:人际关系的贡献。
Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-06-22 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2022.2089255
Linda Olubajo, Paul Dimitri, Andrew Johnston, Martin Owens
{"title":"Managing interorganisational collaborations to develop medical technologies: the contribution of interpersonal relationships.","authors":"Linda Olubajo,&nbsp;Paul Dimitri,&nbsp;Andrew Johnston,&nbsp;Martin Owens","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2089255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2089255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of medical technologies that effectively meet clinical and patient needs increasingly relies upon collaborative working between clinicians, businesses and universities. While this \"open\" innovation process may provide access to additional resources, knowledge, and expertise the process is not frictionless. At the personal level, individuals may have different ways of working and incentives and at the organisational level, partners may have their own cultures and processes. Thus, interorganisational collaboration is not necessarily a panacea, but has advantages and disadvantages. The challenges are somewhat heightened in the MedTech sector where collaborative working cuts across established professional boundaries, brings together diverse knowledge from an array of disciplines, and often disrupts existing medical practice. Given these factors, this article presents a review of the extant management literature examining the complexities within multi-party collaboration and ways to drive these partnerships forwards. The article emphasises the critical value of interpersonal relationships within collaborations and offers means of strengthening them.</p>","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40177548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Usability engineering in practice: developing an intervention for post-stroke therapy during a global pandemic. 实践中的可用性工程:在全球大流行期间开发卒中后治疗干预措施。
Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2022.2089257
Avril D McCarthy, Louise Moody, Mark L Reeves, T Jamie Healey, Tim Good, Lise Sproson, Adewale Adebajo, Wendy Tindale, Krishnan Padmakumari Sivaraman Nair
{"title":"Usability engineering in practice: developing an intervention for post-stroke therapy during a global pandemic.","authors":"Avril D McCarthy,&nbsp;Louise Moody,&nbsp;Mark L Reeves,&nbsp;T Jamie Healey,&nbsp;Tim Good,&nbsp;Lise Sproson,&nbsp;Adewale Adebajo,&nbsp;Wendy Tindale,&nbsp;Krishnan Padmakumari Sivaraman Nair","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2089257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2089257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper provides an overview of the usability engineering process and relevant standards informing the development of medical devices, together with adaptations to accommodate situations such as global pandemics where use of traditional face-to-face methods is restricted. To highlight some of those adaptations, a case study of a project developing a novel electronic rehabilitation device is referenced, which commenced in November 2020 amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. The Sheffield Adaptive Patterned Electrical Stimulation (SHAPES) project, led by Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (STH), aimed to design, manufacture and trial an intervention for use to treat upper arm spasticity after stroke. Presented is an outline and discussion of the challenges experienced in developing the SHAPES health technology intended for at-home use by stroke survivors and in implementing usability engineering approaches. Also highlighted, are the benefits that arose, which can offer easier involvement of vulnerable users and add flexibility in the ways that user feedback is sought. Challenges included: restricted travel; access to usual prototyping facilities; social distancing; infection prevention and control; availability of components; and changing work pressures and demands. Whereas benefits include: less travel; less time commitment; and greater scope for participants with restricted mobility to participate in the process. The paper advocates a more flexible approach to usability engineering and outlines the onward path for development and trialling of the SHAPES technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40635206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Telehealth in long-term neurological conditions: the potential, the challenges and the key recommendations. 长期神经疾病的远程保健:潜力、挑战和主要建议。
Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2022.2040625
Liam Knox, Christopher McDermott, Esther Hobson
{"title":"Telehealth in long-term neurological conditions: the potential, the challenges and the key recommendations.","authors":"Liam Knox,&nbsp;Christopher McDermott,&nbsp;Esther Hobson","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2040625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2040625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-term neurological conditions (LTNCs) cause physical and psychological symptoms that have a significant impact on activities of daily living and quality of life. Multidisciplinary teams are effective at providing treatment for people with LTNCs; however, access to such services by people with disabilities can be difficult and as a result, good quality care is not universal. One potential solution is telehealth. This review describes the potential of telehealth to support people with LTNCs, the challenges of designing and implementing these systems, and the key recommendations for those involved in telehealth to facilitate connected services that can benefit patients, carers and healthcare professionals. These recommendations include understanding the problems posed by LTNCs and the needs of the end-user through a person-centred approach. We discuss how to work collaboratively and use shared learning, and consider how to effectively evaluate the intervention at every stage of the development process.</p>","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39656751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Developing a paediatric healthcare research network: key learnings from the 'starworks' child prosthetics project. 发展儿科医疗保健研究网络:从“starworks”儿童假肢项目中获得的重要经验。
Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2022.2089251
Abigail Needham, Gemma Wheeler, Nathaniel Mills, John Head
{"title":"Developing a paediatric healthcare research network: key learnings from the 'starworks' child prosthetics project.","authors":"Abigail Needham,&nbsp;Gemma Wheeler,&nbsp;Nathaniel Mills,&nbsp;John Head","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2089251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2089251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The context of child prosthetics is a complex and important area for research and innovation. Yet, like many areas of paediatric medical technology development, there are several barriers to innovating specifically for the unique needs of children (i.e., a relatively small patient population or 'market'). As such, much child prosthetics technology is developed from the downsizing of adult prosthetics, leading to suboptimal outcomes for children and young people. Since 2016, the Starworks Child Prosthetics Research Network has been exploring this space, bringing children and their families together with key opinion leaders from the NHS, clinical Academia and leading National Research Centres with capabilities in child prosthetics with the aim of increasing research across the system. Above all else, Starworks is centred on the needs of children and their families, ensuring they have an equal voice in driving the ongoing research agenda. This article will share key learnings from the creation and development of the Starworks Network that may be applicable and/or adaptable across a wider paediatric medical technology research and innovation landscape. In particular it will discuss how it addressed three key aims of; (1) Addressing child-specific issues; (2) Building a sustainable network; and (3) Fostering impactful innovation.</p>","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40407389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Keeping patient and public partnership at the heart of medical technology development during Covid-19: examples of adaptive practice. 在2019冠状病毒病期间,将患者和公众伙伴关系作为医疗技术发展的核心:适应性实践的例子。
Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2022.2089258
Lise Sproson, Nathaniel Mills, Liz Pryde, Ade Adebajo, David Coyle, Jennifer Preston, Daniel Blackburn, Heidi Christensen, Vitaveska Lanfranchi
{"title":"Keeping patient and public partnership at the heart of medical technology development during Covid-19: examples of adaptive practice.","authors":"Lise Sproson,&nbsp;Nathaniel Mills,&nbsp;Liz Pryde,&nbsp;Ade Adebajo,&nbsp;David Coyle,&nbsp;Jennifer Preston,&nbsp;Daniel Blackburn,&nbsp;Heidi Christensen,&nbsp;Vitaveska Lanfranchi","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2089258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2089258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>NIHR (National Institute for Health Research) Devices for Dignity MedTech Cooperative (D4D) and NIHR Children and Young People MedTech Cooperative (CYPMedTech) have established track records in keeping patient and public involvement (PPI) at the core of medical technology development, evaluation and implementation. The 2020 global COVID-19 pandemic presented significant challenges to maintaining this crucial focus. In this paper we describe prior successful methodologies and share examples of the adaptations made in order to continue to engage with patients and the public throughout the pandemic and beyond. We reflect on learning gained from these experiences, and new areas of scope and focus relating to broadening the reach of engagement and representation, along with associated resource requirements and impact metrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40660693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
User attitudes towards virtual home assessment technologies. 用户对虚拟家庭评估技术的态度。
Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-06-22 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2022.2089250
V Lanfranchi, N Jones, J Read, C Fegan, B Field, E Simpson, C Revitt, P Cudd, F Ciravegna
{"title":"User attitudes towards virtual home assessment technologies.","authors":"V Lanfranchi,&nbsp;N Jones,&nbsp;J Read,&nbsp;C Fegan,&nbsp;B Field,&nbsp;E Simpson,&nbsp;C Revitt,&nbsp;P Cudd,&nbsp;F Ciravegna","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2089250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2089250","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Telehealth has long been highlighted as a way to solve issues of efficiency and effectiveness in healthcare and to improve patients’ care and has become fundamental to address patients’ needs during the COVID-19 pandemic; however previous studies have shown mixed results in the user acceptance of such technologies. Whilst many previous studies have focussed on clinical application of telehealth, we focus on the adoption of telehealth for virtual assessments visits aimed to evaluate the suitability of a property where a patient is discharged, and eventual adaptations needed. We present a study of stakeholders’ attitudes towards such virtual assessment visits. The study has been carried out with healthcare professionals and patients and allowed us to identify user attitudes, barriers and facilitators for the success of virtual assessment visits from the point of view of healthcare professionals and patients. Finally, we discuss implications for designers of telehealth services and guidelines that can be derived from our study.","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40177168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Co-design of digital learning resources for care workers: reflections on the neurocare knowhow project. 护理人员数字化学习资源的协同设计:对神经护理知识项目的思考。
Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2022.2089253
Cathy Soreny, Philippa Takhar, Emma Vickers, Rebecca Bartlett, Elizabeth Coates, Theocharis Stavroulakis, Emily Fox, Heather Davidson, Adam Harrison, Christopher McDermott
{"title":"Co-design of digital learning resources for care workers: reflections on the neurocare knowhow project.","authors":"Cathy Soreny,&nbsp;Philippa Takhar,&nbsp;Emma Vickers,&nbsp;Rebecca Bartlett,&nbsp;Elizabeth Coates,&nbsp;Theocharis Stavroulakis,&nbsp;Emily Fox,&nbsp;Heather Davidson,&nbsp;Adam Harrison,&nbsp;Christopher McDermott","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2089253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2089253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurocare Knowhow is an online learning platform for care workers who support people with neurological conditions. Care workers often do not receive specialist training around neurological conditions and can experience anxiety and apprehension about caring for this group. Neurocare Knowhow aims to increase care workers' knowledge and confidence. Featuring flexible and personalisable digital features, in combination with documentary video and audio, it offers an alternative to traditional e-learning, moving away from longform didactic courses to flexible on-the-go learning. This co-design project worked closely with people with neurological conditions, their families, care workers and care organisation managers to validate the need and develop a proof of concept pilot. Co-design activity took place across multiple workshops in person and online. These gathered detailed insights into preferred features that support engaging online learning. The platform offers learning across diverse neurological conditions as a whole, with a focus on shared symptoms and challenges encountered by people with neurological conditions. Ongoing development to scale the pilot up to meet an anticipated national audience includes a focus on artificial intelligence to support searches at a moment of need and a range of personalisable features for individual and team learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40616488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Effect of washing on quality, breathability performance and reusability of disposable face masks. 洗涤对一次性口罩质量、透气性和可重复使用性的影响。
Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2022-07-01 Epub Date: 2022-03-21 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2022.2043476
S Hassani, L Henni, A Sidali, A Naitbouda, A Khereddine, D Dergham, F Lekoui
{"title":"Effect of washing on quality, breathability performance and reusability of disposable face masks.","authors":"S Hassani,&nbsp;L Henni,&nbsp;A Sidali,&nbsp;A Naitbouda,&nbsp;A Khereddine,&nbsp;D Dergham,&nbsp;F Lekoui","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2043476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2043476","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disposable face masks are among the personal protective equipment (PPE) that highly contribute to protecting people in the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic. Health authorities recommend wearing a mask as a barrier measure to limit the spread of viral respiratory diseases. During the first waves of the pandemic, besides professional high-quality PPE, decontaminated disposable mask reuse and homemade cloth masks were allowed due to scarcities. This work introduces a simple method based on-time history of the differential pressure, and an easy to use the setup for the testing of different kinds of respiratory protective masks for the purposes of quality control and evaluation of air permeability performance. The standard mask testing method and the new proposed approach were then used to evaluate the effect of machine washing on the widely used type of disposable masks; namely the surgical (medical) face masks. The objective is to determine the number of acceptable washing cycles that this kind of mask can withstand before losing its performance in terms of breathability and airflow resistance. Other quality characteristics such as material (fibres) degradation and hydrophobicity are investigated. Degradation mechanisms due to washing cycles for the different mask constituent layers were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. This work is an attempt to contribute to the determination of the reusability threshold of general-purpose disposable surgical type face masks thereby contributing to the reduction of environmental concerns. Results in terms of the studied above parameters suggest limiting the reuse of standard type surgical masks to only one machine washing cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40310380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Design considerations for piezocomposite materials for electrical stimulation in medical implants. 医用植入物电刺激用压电复合材料的设计考虑。
Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2022.2080881
Ember Krech, Evan Haas, Grace Tideman, Bonnie Reinsch, Elizabeth Friis
{"title":"Design considerations for piezocomposite materials for electrical stimulation in medical implants.","authors":"Ember Krech,&nbsp;Evan Haas,&nbsp;Grace Tideman,&nbsp;Bonnie Reinsch,&nbsp;Elizabeth Friis","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2080881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2080881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Incidence of non-union following long bone fracture fixation and spinal fusion procedures is increasing, and very costly for patients and the medical system. Direct current (DC) electrical stimulation has shown success as an adjunct therapy to stimulate bone healing and increase surgery success rates, though drawbacks of current devices and implantable battery packs have limited widespread use. Energy harvesting utilising piezoelectric materials has been widely studied for powering devices without a battery, and a preclinical animal study has shown efficacy of a piezocomposite spinal fusion implant resulting in faster, more robust fusion. Most piezoelectric energy harvesters operate most effectively at high frequencies, limiting power generation from loads experienced by orthopaedic implants during human motion. This work characterises the efficient power generation capability of a novel composite piezoelectric material under simulated walking loads. Building on compliant layer adaptive composite stacks (CLACS), the power generation of mixed-mode CLACS (MMCLACS) is defined. Utilising poling direction to capitalise on in-plane strain generation due to compliant layer expansion, MMCLACS significantly increased power output compared to a standard piezo stack. The combination of radial and through-thickness poled piezoelectric elements within a stack to create MMCLACS significantly increases power generation under low-frequency dynamic loads. This technology can be adapted to a variety of architectures and assembled as a load-bearing energy harvester within current implants. MMCLACS integrated with implants would provide enough power to deliver bone healing electrical stimulation directly to the fusion site, decreasing non-union rates, and also could provide quantitative assessment of healing progression through load sensing.</p>","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10262080/pdf/nihms-1871962.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9722250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信