Evgeni Kukuev, Evgeny Belugin, Dafna Willner, O. Ronen
{"title":"Parameters of high-frequency jet ventilation using a mechanical lung model","authors":"Evgeni Kukuev, Evgeny Belugin, Dafna Willner, O. Ronen","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2081370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2081370","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract High frequency jet ventilationis a mechanical lung ventilation method which uses a relatively high flow usually through an open system. This work examined the effect of high-frequency jet ventilation on respiratory parameters of an intubated patient simulated using a high-frequency jet ventilator attached to a ventilation monitor for measurements of ventilation parameters. The series of experiments altered specific parameters each time (respiratory rate, inspiratory-expiratory (I:E) ratio, and inspiratory pressure), under different lung compliances. A reduction of minute ventilation was observed alongside a rise in respiratory rate, with low airway pressures over the entire range of lung compliances. In addition, an I:E ratio of 2:1 to 1:1; and the tidal and minute volumes were directly related to the inspiratory pressure over all compliance settings. To conclude, the respiratory mechanics in high-frequency jet ventilation are very different from those of conventional rate ventilation in a lung model. Further studies on patients and/or a biological model are needed to investigate pCO2 and end-tidal carbon-dioxide during high-frequency jet ventilation.","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":"46 1","pages":"617 - 623"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48523347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Hardin, S. N. Bailey, R. Kobetic, Lisa M Lombardo, Kevin M. Foglyano, John R. Schnellenberger, S. Selkirk
{"title":"Development and deployment of cyclical focal muscle vibration system to improve walking performance in multiple sclerosis","authors":"E. Hardin, S. N. Bailey, R. Kobetic, Lisa M Lombardo, Kevin M. Foglyano, John R. Schnellenberger, S. Selkirk","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2080880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2080880","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Vibration, a potent mechanical stimulus for activating muscle spindle primary afferents, may improve gait performance in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS), but has yet to be developed and deployed for multiple leg muscles with application during walking training. This study explored the development of a cyclic focal muscle vibration (FMV) system, and the deployment feasibility to correct MS walking swing phase deficits in order to determine whether this intervention warrants comprehensive study. The system was deployed during twelve, two-hour sessions of walking with cyclic FMV over six weeks. Participants served as their own control. Blood pressure, heart rate, walking speed, kinematics (peak hip, knee and ankle angles during swing), toe clearance, and step length were measured before and after deployment with blood pressure and heart rate monitored during deployment. During system deployment, there were no untoward sensations and physiological changes in blood pressure and heart rate, and volitional improvements were found in walking speed, improved swing phase kinematics, toe clearance and step length. This FMV training system was developed and deployed to improve joint flexion during walking in those with MS, and it demonstrated feasibility and benefits. Further study will determine the most effective vibration frequency and dose, carryover effects, and those most likely to benefit from this intervention.","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":"46 1","pages":"393 - 401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45466355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diabetic foot thermal image segmentation using Double Encoder-ResUnet (DE-ResUnet)","authors":"Doha Bouallal, H. Douzi, R. Harba","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2077997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2077997","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The use of thermography in the early diagnosis of Diabetic Foot (DF) has proven its effectiveness in identifying areas of the plantar foot that are susceptible to ulcer development. Segmentation of the foot sole is one of the most pertinent technical issues that must be performed with great precision. However, because of the inherent difficulties of foot thermal images, such as unclarity and the existence of ambiguities, segmentation approaches have not demonstrated sufficiently accurate and reliable results for clinical use. In this study, we aim to develop a fully automated, robust and accurate segmentation of the diabetic foot. To this end, we propose a deep neural network architecture adopting the encoder-decoder concept called Double Encoder-ResUnet (DE-ResUnet). This network combines the strengths of residual network and U-Net architecture. Moreover, it takes advantage of RGB (Red, Green, Blue) colour images and fuses thermal and colour information to improve segmentation accuracy. Our database consists of 398 pairs of thermal and RGB images. The population includes two groups. The first group of 54 healthy subjects. And a second group of 145 diabetic patients from the National Hospital Dos de Mayo in Peru. The dataset is splitted into 50% for training, 25% for validation and the last 25% is used for testing. This proposed model provided robust and accurate automatic segmentations of the DF and outperformed other state of the art methods with an average intersection over union (IoU) of 97%. In addition, it is able to accurately delineate the part of toes and heels which are high risk regions for ulceration.","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":"46 1","pages":"378 - 392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48760695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Artificial intelligence optimized image segmentation techniques for renal cyst detection","authors":"Bhawna Dhruv, Neetu Mittal, Megha Modi","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2080882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2080882","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The vast number of image modalities available nowadays has given rise and access to a number of medical images. These images perhaps suffer issues such as low contrast, noise, ill-defined boundaries and poor visualisation. Therefore, a need for effective segmentation arises. Medical image segmentation plays a significant role in identifying a disorder, treatment planning, routine follow ups and computer-guided surgery respectively. The paper presents automatic medical image segmentation to overcome the imaging concerns and demarcate each notch & boundary in an image. The proposed algorithm identifies the existing kidney cyst precisely as they may be related to extreme disorders that may affect kidney function. The algorithm has been further tested on automatic segmentation using Genetic Algorithm, Ant Colony Optimisation and Fuzzy C Means Clustering. In terms of visualisation of valuable pathology, GA stands out and further helps in better assessment of the extent of the disease providing with better representation of the kidney cysts thereby giving a better diagnostic assurance and understanding of the nature of any disorder helping the medical practitioners as well as the patients. Experimental results on segmentation of kidney CT images conclusively demonstrate that the Genetic Algorithm is much more effective and robust.","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":"46 1","pages":"415 - 423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49204108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Machine learning based COVID -19 disease recognition using CT images of SIRM database","authors":"S. Pandey, R. Janghel, P. Mishra, Rachana Kaabra","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2080883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2080883","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic, probably one of the most widespread pandemics humanity has encountered in the twenty first century, caused death to almost 1.75 M people worldwide, impacting almost 80 M lives with direct contact. In order to contain the spread of coronavirus, it is necessary to develop a reliant and quick method to identify those who are affected and isolate them until full recovery is made. The imagery knowledge has been shown to be useful for quick COVID-19 diagnosis. Though the scans of computational tomography (CT) demonstrate a range of viral infection signals, considering the vast number of images, certain visual characteristics are challenging to distinguish and can take a long time to be identified by radiologists. In this study for detection of the COVID-19, a dataset is formed by taking 3764 images. The feature extraction process is applied to the dataset to increase the classification performance. Techniques like Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) are used for feature extraction. Then various machine learning algorithms applied such as Support Vector Machines (SVM), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Multi- Level Perceptron, Naive Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbours and Random Forests are used for classification of COVID-19 disease detection. Sensitivity, Specificity, Accuracy, Precision, and F-score are the metrics used to measure the performance of different machine learning models. Among these machine learning models SVM with GLCM as feature extraction technique using 10-fold cross validation gives the best classification result with 99.70% accuracy, 99.80% sensitivity and 97.03% F-score. We also ran these tests on different data sets and found that the results are similar across those too, as discussed later in the results section.","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":"46 1","pages":"590 - 603"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42089796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Basher, M. Moniruzzaman, Md Maruful Islam, M. Rashid, I. Chowdhury, Akhtaruzzaman Akm, K. S. Rabbani
{"title":"Evaluation of gastric emptying in critically ill patients using electrical impedance method: a pilot study","authors":"A. Basher, M. Moniruzzaman, Md Maruful Islam, M. Rashid, I. Chowdhury, Akhtaruzzaman Akm, K. S. Rabbani","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2059116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2059116","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nasogastric feeding is commonly used to deliver enteral feed in critically ill patients and several methods are used for assessing the gastric residual volume with limitations. A new approach for gastric emptying time measurement has been developed using Electric Impedance Method (EIM). The study aims to establish whether EIM is useful for measuring gastric emptying during nasogastric feeding compared with nasogastric suction. The pilot study was performed among the patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Bangladesh, from 2018 to 2019. Enteral feed was given to patients by NG tube. Gastric emptying and Gastric Residual Volume (GRV) were measured using EIM and nasogastric suction tube. Patterns of filling and emptying were almost the same in all subjects but emptying time varied between individuals that correlated well with GRV in 16 patients. Therefore, the study showed that the measurement of gastrc volume by the non-invasive and hazard-free electrical impedance method has a high specificity (90%) and efficacy of 80%. The study also revealed significant changes in gastric emptying time due to different body statuses. EIM seemed to be capable of measuring gastric emptying over time. EIM could become a standard tool for monitoring gastric emptying in patients at risk of gastroparesis.","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":"46 1","pages":"363 - 369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43223223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Classification of lung sounds using scalogram representation of sound segments and convolutional neural network.","authors":"Huong Pham Thi Viet, Huyen Nguyen Thi Ngoc, Vu Tran Anh, Huy Hoang Quang","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2040624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2040624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung auscultation is one of the most common methods for screening of lung diseases. The increasingly high rate of respiratory diseases leads to the need for robust methods to detect the abnormalities in patients' breathing sounds. Lung sounds analysis stands out as a promising approach to automatic screening of lung diseases, serving as a second opinion for doctors as a stand-alone device for preliminary screening of lung diseases in remote areas. In previous research on lung classification using ICBHI Database on Kaggle, lung audios are converted to spectral images and fed into deep neural networks for training. There are a few studies which uses the scalogram, however they focussed on classification among different lung diseases. The use of scalograms in categorising the sound types are rarely used. In this paper, we combined scalograms and neural networks for classification of lung sound types. Padding methods and augmentation are also considered to evaluate the impacts on classification score. An ensemble learning is incorporated to increase classification accuracy by utilising voting of many models. The model trained and evaluated has shown prominent improvement of this method on classification on the benchmark ICBHI database.</p>","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":"46 4","pages":"270-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39960614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nuzat Nuary Alam, Rethwan Faiz, Mohammad Hasan Imam
{"title":"Development of a low-cost textile sensor based insole to monitor foot pressure of diabetic patients.","authors":"Nuzat Nuary Alam, Rethwan Faiz, Mohammad Hasan Imam","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2041748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2041748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A common but preventable complication of diabetes is diabetic foot ulcer. If appropriate care is not provided such foot lesions progress to the most severe diabetic foot complication, like infection, gangrene, amputation and even death. Diabetic neuropathy results abnormal planter pressure points under the foot and triggers the tendency of foot ulcer. The aim of this paper is to present the development of a low cost, power efficient, soft, lightweight and simple in-shoe planter pressure measurement system. The system is capable to determine the average static pressure under ball and heel of the foot. The insole is comfortable due to the use of textile pressure sensor and its simple data acquisition method makes operation easy for the users. An experiment with 10 participants with and without diabetes was carried out to observe the outcome of the system. The practical implication of this study is to minimise the damage caused by foot ulcer by determining the pressure abnormality at earliest with a fully developed cost effective design. The system is capable to identify the difference in average planter pressure values in different groups of participants. To monitor the foot health proactively, the proposed system is found to be a useful device and can successfully scan the planter pressure under ball and heel of the foot.</p>","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":"46 4","pages":"288-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39959733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S Pravin Kumar, Yuvasri Asokan, Keerthana Balamurugan, B Harsha
{"title":"A review of wound dressing materials and its fabrication methods: emphasis on three-dimensional printed dressings.","authors":"S Pravin Kumar, Yuvasri Asokan, Keerthana Balamurugan, B Harsha","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2041750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2041750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A wound is a trauma caused by some adverse external or blunt forces that can damage the body tissues. Wound healing is a complex process that occurs post-injury which involves the revamping of the structure and function of damaged tissues. Scaffolds are engineered tissue structures manufactured using different materials and methods for facilitating the wound healing process. For external wounds, the antimicrobial property and ability to absorb moisture play an important role in the material selection of the scaffold. Among different methods that exist for designing scaffolds, three-dimensional printing has emerged as a promising technique wherein customised scaffolds can be designed. However, the literature on three-dimensional printed dressings is very much limited compared to conventional ones. Therefore, this review specifically focuses on the methods used to design the scaffolds with special emphasis on different three-dimensional printing techniques. It covers the process of external wound healing, different materials used in the fabrication of scaffolds, and their advantages and drawbacks.</p>","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":"46 4","pages":"318-334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39960617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel S Valcicak, Lindsey M Rodriguez, Michael J Saunders, Christopher J Womack, Trent A Hargens
{"title":"Physiological differences in cardiovascular hemodynamics across treadmill and cycle exercise as assessed through impedance cardiography.","authors":"Daniel S Valcicak, Lindsey M Rodriguez, Michael J Saunders, Christopher J Womack, Trent A Hargens","doi":"10.1080/03091902.2022.2040626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03091902.2022.2040626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Impedance cardiography (IC) is a non-invasive method for assessing cardiovascular hemodynamics, and has been utilised during exercise, exclusively on a cycle ergometer. Mode-specific differences in cardiovascular hemodynamics during exercise have previously been identified, but the ability of IC to identify these differences has not been explored. Therefore, we examined the repeatability of cardiovascular hemodynamics within and between exercise modes on the treadmill (TM) and cycle (CY) ergometer. Twenty-one men (age = 21.4 ± 0.5 yr) performed four maximal exercise, two TM and two CY. Within each test, two, five-minute stages were completed corresponding to moderate and vigorous exercise intensities, respectively. Oxygen consumption (VO<sub>2</sub>) was measured continuously during each test. Hemodynamic measures were obtained <i>via</i> IC, and included cardiac output (CO), heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), end diastolic volume (EDV), ejection fraction (EF), and systemic vascular resistance (SVR). Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that within TM exercise, there was a main effect for trial with HR only. There were no main effects for trial within CY exercise. Across exercise modes, there were significant main effects for mode with HR, EDV, and SVR. CY exercise resulted in a higher HR, lower SV and EDV, consistent with previous findings, utilising more criterion and invasive methods. Results suggest that hemodynamics, as assessed by IC, are repeatable within TM and CY exercise. In addition, it appears as though IC is capable of detecting mode-specific differences in hemodynamics, suggesting IC to be a useful assessment tool during exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":39637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Engineering and Technology","volume":"46 4","pages":"280-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39959739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}