Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Potency of <i>Artocarpus Heterophyllus</i> Leaves Extract as an Antiviral against SARS-CoV-2.","authors":"Adita Ayu Permanasari, Lidya Tumewu, Aldise Mareta Nastri, Maria Istiqomah Marini, Achmad Fuad Hafid, Tutik Sri Wahyuni, Mitsuhiro Nishimura, Maria Inge Lusida, Aty Widyawaruyanti, Yasuko Mori","doi":"10.24546/0100503458","DOIUrl":"10.24546/0100503458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural products, particularly those derived from plants, represent a valuable source of bioactive compounds with potential antiviral activity. In this study, we investigated the antiviral activity of Indonesian plants which belong to <i>Artocarpus</i> genus against SARS-CoV-2 using bioassay-guided separation. Plant materials from the <i>Artocarpus</i> genus were successively extracted using hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol, and the antiviral activities were tested against early SARS-CoV-2 variants. Viral inhibition and cytotoxicity were assessed using RT-qPCR, plaque assays, and MTT assays. Among 54 extracts obtained from the leaves and stem bark of 10 species of Artocarpus, four dichloromethane leaf extracts inhibited viral RNA replication and cytopathic effect at a concentration of 10 μg/mL, and did not show cytotoxic effects at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. The most potent extract was dichloromethane leaf extract of <i>Artocarpus heterophyllus</i> (E16) with the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) value of 2.46 µg/mL. Separation by vacuum liquid chromatography and open column chromatography yielded E16F4.3 and E16F4.4 which possess potential activity against SARS-CoV-2 with IC₅₀ values of 0.43 µg/mL and 0.28 µg/mL. These subfractions showed less cytotoxicity, with 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC₅₀) values >100 µg/mL. The selective index (SI; CC₅₀/IC₅₀) of E16F4.3 and E16F4.4 were >232.6 and >357.1, respectively. These results indicate that the leaf extract of <i>Artocarpus heterophyllus</i> contains promising drug candidates against SARS-CoV-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":39560,"journal":{"name":"Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"72 1","pages":"E1-E11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13286062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences of Cheek Support on Sucking Pressure During Bottle Feeding in Infants: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Takeshi Komatsu, Tatsuya Furukawa, Daisuke Kobayashi, Sota Iwatani, Seiji Yoshimoto, Toshihiko Yamashita, Sayaka Katsunuma, Masahide Otsu, Takeshi Fujita, Ken-Ichi Nibu","doi":"10.24546/0100499756","DOIUrl":"10.24546/0100499756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective sucking is important for shortening hospital stays in newborn infants. Several studies have demonstrated that oral support can improve sucking efficiency. However, the effects of oral support on sucking pressure have not been thoroughly investigated. In our previous study, we reported the equipment configuration and analysis method of sucking pressure. That method of measuring sucking pressure was applied to cheek support. In this study, four newborn infants with low birth weight, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, or multicystic encephalomalacia were enrolled. Their sucking pressures were measured during bottle feeding, both with and without cheek support. In all cases, cheek support increased sucking pressure. However, changes in intake volume and the number of sucking bursts, individual sucks did not show a consistent pattern. Our study indicates a possible association between cheek support and sucking pressure during oral feeding in newborn infants. Larger studies are needed to confirm this effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":39560,"journal":{"name":"Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"71 4","pages":"E149-E153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13095044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146229095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accidental Rivaroxaban Intoxication in a 25-month-old Child Monitored by Thromboelastography: A Case Report.","authors":"Keita Nakanishi, Shota Yamasaki, Yuna Watanabe, Kaoru Nakashima, Tomoko Nishihara, Junko Fujii, Shohei Ohyama, Hiroki Yokoyama, Naoki Yokoyama","doi":"10.24546/0100499694","DOIUrl":"10.24546/0100499694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rivaroxaban is an oral, selective, direct-acting factor Xa inhibitor with high affinity for the active site of factor Xa. Thromboelastography (TEG® 6s) has reportedly been used to evaluate coagulation function under rivaroxaban administration, especially in the perioperative period. To date, there are no reports in the literature about thromboelastography in children that have ingested a large amount of rivaroxaban. We describe the case of a 25-month-old girl who accidentally ingested a large dose of rivaroxaban and we followed up on the coagulation performance with TEG® 6s. When she came to our emergency room, there was no apparent bleeding. The patient was hospitalized for observation while undergoing monitoring using TEG® 6s. Approximately 20 h after taking the medication, all values of her blood tests including TEG® 6s returned to the normal range and the patient was discharged, without evidence of bleeding. This case highlights the potential usefulness of TEG® 6s for evaluating the effects of rivaroxaban in pediatric accidental ingestion.</p>","PeriodicalId":39560,"journal":{"name":"Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"71 3","pages":"E144-E148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13095040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146229071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Machine Learning Approach for Predicting Long-term Care Needs and Identifying Risk Factors Among Older Adults in Japan.","authors":"Hisataka Anezaki, Mamoru Hiroe, Michiyo Kawai, Ayako Fujiwara, Yuichi Nakata, Yoshiharu Miyata, Hiroaki Masuda, Akira Matsumoto, Shinichi Okata, Hisako Izumi, Ken Naono, Yoichi Kurebayashi","doi":"10.24546/0100498772","DOIUrl":"10.24546/0100498772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A machine learning model using Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) was developed to predict long-term nursing care needs among older adults, based on comprehensive claims and health checkup data from Japan's public insurance system. The model demonstrated strong predictive performance (AUC: 0.878; sensitivity: 0.784; specificity: 0.820) on the test dataset, supporting its use for early identification of high-risk individuals. Key risk factors identified through permutation importance and marginal effect analyses included advanced age, prior care needs, neurological and gastrointestinal diseases, as well as specific medical procedures and medications. In contrast, factors such as joint replacement surgery and the use of preventive care services were associated with lower risk. Lifestyle and biochemical indicators, including slower gait speed and low LDL cholesterol, also significantly influenced risk. Constipation, osteoporosis, and lower back pain had relatively small marginal effects, but was associated with a high incidence rate. This model provides a valuable tool for extending healthy life expectancy and optimizing long-term care planning in aging populations, supporting both public health policy and personalized prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":39560,"journal":{"name":"Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"71 3","pages":"E124-E143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13095043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146054203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apolipoprotein B48 as a Marker of Residual Coronary Risk: Diagnostic Insights from a Comparative Analysis with Ankle-Brachial Index.","authors":"Kenta Mori, Asuka Monobe, Sadatsugu Okuma, Tatsuro Ishida","doi":"10.24546/0100497875","DOIUrl":"10.24546/0100497875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Apolipoprotein B48 (ApoB48) may be an indicator of residual cardiovascular risk beyond conventional lipid measures. However, its performance for detecting coronary artery disease (CAD), alone and in combination with the ankle-brachial index (ABI), remains to be investigated. This cross-sectional study (358 patients; 299 and 59 with and without CAD, respectively) assessed the value of ApoB48 (cutoff: ≥4.5 μg/mL) and ABI (cutoff: <0.9) in detecting CAD. Subgroup analyses were performed for patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and low levels of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (<100 mg/dL). Baseline characteristics, including lipid profiles and biomarker levels, were compared between patients with and without CAD. Patients with CAD exhibited significantly higher ApoB48 levels compared to those without (5.1 ± 3.2 vs. 4.0 ± 2.2 μg/mL, respectively, p = 0.001); there were no significant differences in ABI values. The sensitivity and specificity of ABI alone for CAD were 16.7% and 81.4%, respectively, while those for ApoB48 alone were 48.2% and 61.0%, respectively. Combining both markers improved sensitivity to 55.5%, though specificity declined to 47.5%. Subgroup analyses revealed that ApoB48 maintained superior sensitivity across groups with diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and low levels of LDL-C. Lipid parameters (LDL-C, non-high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides) showed minimal discriminatory power between patients with and without CAD. ApoB48 demonstrates superior sensitivity for CAD detection compared to ABI, particularly in high-risk patients. While combining ApoB48 and ABI enhances sensitivity, it compromises specificity, suggesting the need for balanced diagnostic strategies. ApoB48 may be a valuable marker of residual cardiovascular risk, particularly in patients with well-controlled LDL-C or comorbid metabolic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":39560,"journal":{"name":"Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"71 3","pages":"E110-E123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13095042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145543063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Quinoline Derivative HZ-6d Induces Antiviral Activity Against Hepatitis C Virus Via Apoptosis-Mediated Cytotoxicity.","authors":"Gede Ngurah Rsi Suwardana, Aulia Fitri Rhamadianti, Takayuki Abe, Lin Deng, Chieko Matsui, Motohiro Yasui, Norihiko Takeda, Takahiro Yamada, Masafumi Ueda, Ikuo Shoji","doi":"10.24546/0100497747","DOIUrl":"10.24546/0100497747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We previously demonstrated that interferon-stimulated gene 15 protein (ISG15) plays a role in enhancing hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections through the ISGylation of the HBV X protein (HBx) and the HCV NS5A protein. ISGylation is a post-translational modification where ISG15 is covalently attached to target proteins. These findings suggest that targeting ISGylation could be a potential therapeutic strategy for HBV and HCV infections. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of HZ-6d, a quinoline derivative that inhibits HERC5-mediated ISGylation. Our results showed that HZ-6d did not inhibit HBx ISGylation and only modestly suppressed HBV replication in HBV-infected HepG2-NTCP cells and in HBV-replicating cells. Interestingly, HZ-6d also did not affect NS5A-ISGylation, however, it significantly suppressed HCV replication. These observations suggest that HZ-6d exerts its antiviral effects in HCV-replicating cells through mechanisms independent of HERC5-mediated NS5A-ISGylation. Furthermore, HZ-6d strongly activated the p53-mediated apoptosis signaling pathway, as evidenced by increased levels of phosphorylated p53, cleaved caspase-8, and cleaved caspase-3. Notably, activation of caspase-3 has been implicated in the proteolysis of HCV NS5A, indicating that apoptosis-related mechanisms may contribute to HCV suppression. Collectively, our findings suggest that HZ-6d induces antiviral activity against HCV through the p53-mediated apoptosis pathway, rather than by interfering with HERC5-mediated NS5A ISGylation.</p>","PeriodicalId":39560,"journal":{"name":"Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"71 2","pages":"E77-E87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12638098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145542944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis C Virus NS5A Inhibits YAP1-HSC70 Interaction, Thereby Preventing YAP1 Degradation Via Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy.","authors":"Maria Alethea Septianastiti, Chieko Matsui, Zihan Xu, Fransisca Puspitasari, Lin Deng, Takayuki Abe, Ikuo Shoji","doi":"10.24546/0100497746","DOIUrl":"10.24546/0100497746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection induces chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), where the HCV NS5A protein promotes the binding of the molecular chaperone HSC70 to substrate proteins containing a KFERQ motif. HSC70 recognizes this pentapeptide motif and transports substrates to lysosomes for degradation. In this study, we identified a KFERQ motif (³²⁴ELLRQ³²⁸) in the YAP1 protein, a key regulator of the Hippo pathway, and examined its interaction with HSC70 during HCV infection. To determine whether HSC70 directly binds to this motif, we generated four YAP1 mutants with specific alterations in the KFERQ motif and assessed their binding to HSC70. Among these, the R327A/Q328A mutant showed the greatest reduction in HSC70 binding, indicating that the sequence ³²⁴ELLRQ³²⁸ functions as the KFERQ motif in YAP1. Further analysis revealed that YAP1 binds to the substrate-binding domain of HSC70. Moreover, shRNA-mediated knockdown of LAMP2A, a critical receptor for CMA, led to increased levels of YAP1, confirming that YAP1 is indeed a CMA substrate. Notably, HSC70 was also found to interact with phosphorylated YAP1 at serine 127 (S127). Although NS5A did not bind directly to YAP1, NS5A expression reduced the binding between YAP1 and HSC70. This suggests that under normal conditions, YAP1 is recognized by HSC70 and degraded via CMA. However, during HCV infection, NS5A interferes with YAP1-HSC70 interaction, preventing YAP1 from being degraded. As a result, YAP1 accumulates in the cytoplasm and subsequently translocates to the nucleus, where YAP1 may activate genes involved in cell proliferation and survival. This mechanism may contribute to HCV-induced pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":39560,"journal":{"name":"Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"71 2","pages":"E63-E76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12638101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145543022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"284 nm UVB Phototherapy Regulates Immunoinflammatory Responses and Improves Atherosclerotic Plaque Stability in Mice.","authors":"Ken Ito, Naoto Sasaki, Aga Krisnanda, Toru Tanaka, Sayo Horibe, Motoaki Iwaya, Atsushi Fukunaga, Yoshiyuki Rikitake","doi":"10.24546/0100497749","DOIUrl":"10.24546/0100497749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>We previously reported that broad-band and specific wavelengths of ultraviolet B (UVB) limit the development of atherosclerosis by augmenting anti-inflammatory immune responses in hypercholesterolemic mice. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of 284 nm UVB on the stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques and the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Six- to eight-week-old male LDL receptor-deficient (<i>Ldlr ^-/-</i>) mice were fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet for 8 weeks to form atherosclerotic lesions, and the diet was changed to a standard diet. The mice were subsequently irradiated with 284 nm UVB at 5 kJ/m² twice weekly for 2 or 4 weeks. The effects of 284 nm UVB irradiation on atherosclerotic plaque size and components and immunoinflammatory responses were evaluated by histological analysis and flow cytometry. Normalization of plasma cholesterol levels did not prevent the development of atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic sinus of UVB-irradiated or nonirradiated mice, whereas it markedly reduced the lipid content in the aortic sinus lesions of these mice, which was more prominent in UVB-irradiated mice. The accumulation of CD4⁺ T cells in atherosclerotic lesions and aortic immunoinflammatory responses were reduced in UVB-irradiated mice, although no beneficial effects of UVB treatment on macrophage accumulation or collagen content were observed. The plaque-stabilizing effect of UVB treatment was associated with augmented regulatory T cell immune responses in lymphoid tissues.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>284 nm UVB irradiation in combination with lipid-lowering therapy improves the stability of atherosclerotic plaques by augmenting anti-inflammatory Treg immune responses. The combination of aggressive lipid-lowering therapies and 284 nm UVB phototherapy may serve as an attractive therapeutic approach for high-risk patients with vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.</p>","PeriodicalId":39560,"journal":{"name":"Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"71 3","pages":"E88-E99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13095045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145543086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental Outcomes at Ages 3-5 among Very-low and Extremely-low-birthweight Children without Major Complications Assessed at 18-24 Months.","authors":"Noriko Yamaoka, Satoshi Takada","doi":"10.24546/0100497750","DOIUrl":"10.24546/0100497750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Around 9.4% of infants born in Japan have a low birthweight. While some studies have clarified the developmental progress of very-low-birthweight (VLBW) and extremely-low-birthweight (ELBW) infants at 18 months, less is known about how these children fare in preschool. This study aimed to identify VLBW and ELBW infants without major complications and their behavioral and emotional characteristics as preschoolers compared to their infantile development. Participants were the parents of 28 VLBW and ELBW children without major complications. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) 1.5-5 was administered at ages 3-5, and the results were compared with the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT). The examination outcomes were assessed at 18-24 months. Of these, 11 had normal scores on all CBCL scales, but the outcomes of the other 17 children were borderline or in the clinical range on either of the CBCL scales. Twenty-one children were screened negative on M-CHAT. Eleven had normal scores on all CBCL scales, but the outcomes of the other 10 children were borderline or in the clinical range on either of the CBCL scales. Seven children screened positive on M-CHAT, and all scored in the borderline or clinical range on either of the CBCL scales. Seven of the 23 M-CHAT items demonstrated relevance between 6 out of 10 CBCL-1.5-5 scales. M-CHAT-positive infants are likely to continue facing behavioral and emotional problems as preschoolers. Even in infants with a negative M-CHAT screening, the underlying problems may become apparent during the preschool years.</p>","PeriodicalId":39560,"journal":{"name":"Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"71 3","pages":"E100-E109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13095041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145543048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Incidence of Abemaciclib-induced Interstitial Lung Disease: A Single-center Retrospective Study in Japan.","authors":"Takeshi Hashimoto, Haruna Nakamura, Yoko Sakoda, Kazuhiko Tsuchiya, Mao Fujii, Masato Taki, Shuntaro Tokunaga, Suya Hori, Teruaki Nishiuma, Mitsutoshi Ogino","doi":"10.24546/0100497175","DOIUrl":"10.24546/0100497175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Abemaciclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, is used for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent adverse event of abemaciclib, particularly in Asian patients, though limited information is available on its incidence and risk factors. This study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors of abemaciclib-induced ILD through a single-center retrospective analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed ER-positive, HER2-negative inoperable or metastatic breast cancer patients treated with abemaciclib at Kakogawa Central City Hospital between November 1, 2018, and March 31, 2022. At least two respiratory medicine specialists evaluated computed tomography and examined the development of ILD after the initiation of abemaciclib. We conducted univariate analysis to examine factors associated with the development of ILD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-nine patients were analyzed. The median (range) observation period was 27.0 (10-49) months, and the median (range) duration of abemaciclib was 11.0 (1-43) months. Fourteen patients (28.6%) received abemaciclib as a 3rd-line treatment or later. Ten patients (20.4%) were diagnosed with abemaciclib-induced ILD; 7 were diagnosed within 6 months of the initiation of abemaciclib and 3 developed severe ILD during the same period. We identified lung metastasis as a risk factor for the development of ILD (odds ratio = 5.00, 95% confidence interval: 1.15-21.70; p = 0.032).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of abemaciclib-induced ILD was 20.4%, which was higher than previously reported values. Today, as abemaciclib is one of the standard treatments for ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer, we should be more careful about ILD.</p>","PeriodicalId":39560,"journal":{"name":"Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"71 2","pages":"E56-E62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12638099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}