Ren Komatsu, Hanwool Woo, Yusuke Tamura, A. Yamashita, H. Asama
{"title":"Gamma-ray Image Noise Generation Using Energy-Image Converter Based on Image Histogram","authors":"Ren Komatsu, Hanwool Woo, Yusuke Tamura, A. Yamashita, H. Asama","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382733","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a novel method to simulate image noise caused by gamma-ray irradiation. Monte Carlo simulation is utilized to calculate the interaction between the gamma-ray and the image sensor, and the energy deposit in each pixel is estimated. A converter module is proposed for generating image noise from the energy deposit. The conversion is designed so that the converted energy deposit has a similar image histogram to the real gamma-ray image noise. The real gamma-ray image noise is obtained by using circular fisheye cameras in gamma-ray irradiation tests. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in experiments. We believe that this study would be beneficial for the development of methods for decommissioning the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant by the research community. Our source code is available at https://github.com/matsuren/pixel_noise_sim_geant4.","PeriodicalId":395378,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129027356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mana Ishihara, Takahiro Matsuno, K. Althoefer, S. Hirai
{"title":"Stiffness Control of Variable Stiffness Link Using a Conductive Fabric Based Proximity Sensor","authors":"Mana Ishihara, Takahiro Matsuno, K. Althoefer, S. Hirai","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382706","url":null,"abstract":"With an ongoing interest to create solutions allowing for safe physical interaction between humans and robots, new approaches to the design of robot arms are appearing. One example is the recently developed Variable Stiffness Link (VSL) -a new type of inflatable soft robot link made of flexible, yet inextensible fabric sleeves and capable of changing its stiffness. At high stiffness, the VSL can perform comparable to a rigid link within a standard robot arm, e.g., carry out picking and placing tasks in a factory environment. However, by decreasing the air pressure in such links their stiffness also decreases, and the robot arm’s compliance increases. Hence, when a human erroneously intrudes into the robot working area, safety can be ensured by simply reducing the pressure in the robot’s links. In this context, a major challenge is to determine whether a human is within the robot’s range. In this study, we propose to integrate a proximity, capacitance-based sensor made of conductive fabric with a VSL. Since the proposed proximity sensor is made of fabric, it is ideally suited for integration with the VSL: the sensor material is flexible and at the same time inextensible and as such can be used as the outer layer of a VSL without affecting its stiffness controllability. An appropriate control strategy was developed capable of changing the stiffness of the VSL depending on the distance between the VSL and a human or object nearby using the new sensor. The proposed sensor/control system determines the distance to a human or object in the vicinity of the VSL by evaluating the capacitance as measured by the integrated proximity sensor and adjusts the link’s stiffness accordingly to ensure safety. It was experimentally validated that, our new approach was capable of reducing the VSL’s stiffness when a human was approaching, even before contact occurred.","PeriodicalId":395378,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129924721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emergence of Motor Synergy in Multi-directional Reaching with Deep Reinforcement Learning","authors":"Jihui Han, Jiazheng Chai, M. Hayashibe","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382755","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we apply Deep Reinforcement Learning for handling full-dimensional 7 degrees of freedom arm reaching, and demonstrate the relations among motion error, energy, and synergy emergence during the learning process, to reveal the mechanism of employing motor synergy. Although synergy information has never been encoded into the reward function, the synergy effect naturally emerges, leading to a similar situation as human motion learning. To the best of our knowledge, this is a pioneer study verifying a concurrent relation between the error-energy index and synergy development in DRL for multi-directional reaching tasks. In addition, our proposed feedback-augmented DRL controller shows better capability over DRL only in terms of error-energy index.","PeriodicalId":395378,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII)","volume":"373 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130365296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Takuma Sugimoto, Yamaguchi Kousuke, Zhongshan Bao, Minying Ye, Hiroki Tomoe, Tanaka Kanji
{"title":"Fault-Diagnosing Monocular-SLAM for Scale-Aware Change Detection","authors":"Takuma Sugimoto, Yamaguchi Kousuke, Zhongshan Bao, Minying Ye, Hiroki Tomoe, Tanaka Kanji","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382715","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a new fault diagnosis (FD) -based approach for image change detection (ICD) that can detect significant changes as inconsistencies between different visual experiences of monocular-SLAM. Unlike classical change detection approaches such as pairwise image comparison (PC) and anomaly detection (AD), neither the memorization of each map image nor the maintenance of up-to-date placespecific anomaly detectors are required in this FD approach. A significant challenge that is encountered when incorporating different visual experiences into FD involves dealing with the varying scales of changed objects. To address this issue, we reconsider the bag-of-words (BoW) image representation, and focus on the state-of-the-art BoW-based SLAM paradigm. As a key advantage, the local feature -based representation enables to re-organize the BoW into any different scales without modifying the database entries (i.e., the map). Furthermore, it enables to control discriminative power and expected inconsistencies of local features. Experiments on challenging cross-season ICD using publicly available NCLT dataset, and comparison against state-of-the-art ICD algorithms validate the efficacy of the proposed FD approach with/without combining AD and/or PC.","PeriodicalId":395378,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126850205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Makino, Y. Kitano, N. Taniguchi, Tetsuro Ohba, T. Ishii, Masaki Miyashita, Kento Ota, H. Haro, H. Terada
{"title":"Application to Biomaterial of a Vibration Exciter for Ultrasonic Controlled Growing Rod System*","authors":"K. Makino, Y. Kitano, N. Taniguchi, Tetsuro Ohba, T. Ishii, Masaki Miyashita, Kento Ota, H. Haro, H. Terada","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382663","url":null,"abstract":"Scoliosis is a symptom of the deformation of the backbone, and a few percentage of teenagers suffer from it. The patient needs to receive the operational surgery, if the curve of backbone is over the certain degrees. In the surgery, pedicle screws are planted in the backbone, and fixed by the straight rod. And the surgical operation is given many times until the patient stops growing up, since the backbone is extension according to growth of the patient. Therefore, a method that the surgical operation is not necessary is desirable. We have developed a growing rod that is able to be controlled using an ultrasonic vibration. In the previous work, the primitive principle of the growing rod was proposed, and were verified by some experiments in an ideal state. It is important to verify the proposed principle using the biomaterial to progress the nextstage (the crinical trials). In this paper, the proposed method is verified using biomaterial that is the meat with bone for food. And, the extension force that occurs in the backbone is discussed, since the length of the gap of the backbone becomes large according to growth of the patient. As a result, it is clear that the extend force of the rod is proportional to the magnitude of the extend force that occurs in spine. Therefore, the extension of the rod stop naturally, if the force in the backbone is released. We confirm that this method has safety.","PeriodicalId":395378,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII)","volume":"206 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116153151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tappei Katsunaga, Takayuki Tanaka, M. Niitsuma, Saburo Takahashi, T. Abe
{"title":"Hierarchical probabilistic task recognition based on spatial memory for care support","authors":"Tappei Katsunaga, Takayuki Tanaka, M. Niitsuma, Saburo Takahashi, T. Abe","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382681","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a method for recognizing tasks performed by care workers. Time-series sample data for each feature amount during tasks are defined as a task history, which is used as a basis for creating spatiotemporal task information in reference to Niitsuma’s spatial memory. We perform simulated care tasks in an environment that recreates an actual care site, and measure time-series data of worker feature amounts by a motion capture system. We divide this data into learning and evaluation data, and verify the recognition accuracy. Recognition accuracy for seven defined elemental tasks is close to 80% on average, demonstrating the effectiveness of this method.","PeriodicalId":395378,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII)","volume":"64 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124096360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. M. U. Eljuri, G. A. G. Ricardez, Nishanth Koganti, J. Takamatsu, T. Ogasawara
{"title":"Rearranging Tasks in Daily-life Environments Using a Monte Carlo Tree Search and a Feasibility Database","authors":"P. M. U. Eljuri, G. A. G. Ricardez, Nishanth Koganti, J. Takamatsu, T. Ogasawara","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382688","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we address the task of rearranging items with a robot. A rearranging task is challenging because one should solve the following issues: to determine how to pick the items and plan how and where to place the items. In this study, we focus on how to obtain a sequence of actions that the robot could execute reducing the failures when the motion planner creates the trajectory to move the robot, such as not finding a solution. To confirm the sequence of instructions before executing them with the robot, we combine a motion planner with a symbolic planner. For that purpose, we propose a Motion Feasibility Checker (MFC), which quickly decides if a given set of pick-and-place poses can be executed with respect to the robot’s kinematics. The MFC uses a database of possible pick and place poses of the target robot; given the initial and target pose of the item, the MFC finds a set of pick-and-place poses to execute that action with the robot. We use the Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) to achieve a high performance of the symbolic planning. In the proposed method, the MCTS searches for the goal while it collaborates with the MFC. We tested the proposed method in a simulation environment doing a sandwich rearranging task in a convenience store setup.","PeriodicalId":395378,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126281932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinhyeok Sim, J. Kasahara, Shota Chikushi, K. Nagatani, Takumi Chiba, K. Chayama, A. Yamashita, H. Asama
{"title":"Effects of Video Filters for Learning an Action Recognition Model for Construction Machinery from Simulated Training Data","authors":"Jinhyeok Sim, J. Kasahara, Shota Chikushi, K. Nagatani, Takumi Chiba, K. Chayama, A. Yamashita, H. Asama","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382735","url":null,"abstract":"In the construction industry, construction machinery are an important factor in the overall productivity and efficiency of a worksite. Thus, emphasis is put on the monitoring of actions conducted by construction machinery. This was traditionally done manually by humans, which is a timeconsuming and laborious task. Automatic action recognition of construction machinery is therefore needed. The field of action recognition is predominantly occupied by Deep Learning approaches and several previous works focused on adapting such approaches for construction machinery. However, the issue of obtaining training data is particularly troublesome for construction machinery. Our previous work proposed a Deep Learning method for learning an action recognition model from training data generated in a simulator using video filters but the precise contributions of the introduced video filter were unclear. The purpose of this study is therefore to clarify the effects of video filters for learning an action recognition model for construction machinery from simulated training data.","PeriodicalId":395378,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115757504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryosuke Nonoyama, M. Jinno, Koichiro Yori, Keiichi Sugiura, T. Sameshima
{"title":"Cooperation between media changing robot system and humans for cell processing","authors":"Ryosuke Nonoyama, M. Jinno, Koichiro Yori, Keiichi Sugiura, T. Sameshima","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382680","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, in the field of regenerative medicine, cell processing is being performed manually. Such process is labor intensive and expensive, and its efficiency still needs to be enhanced. Recently, automatic cell culture apparatuses that are equipped with a vertical articulated robot have been proposed. However, the automation of all cell processing tasks complicates the system. This study aimed to develop a simple and rational cell processing system through the combination of the tasks performed by a robot and those performed by a human. In a previous study, we improved the efficiency of discarding and injecting tasks using a robot arm in the media changing process. In the present study, we report the results of the implementation and evaluation of the prototypes that facilitate in improving the efficiency of the discarding and injecting tasks. Our experimental results revealed the feasibility of discarding and injecting robots that can be used in a safety cabinet. Robots can perform the media changing process more efficiently and more accurately than humans. Moreover, when robots are used, the risk of dripping can be reduced.","PeriodicalId":395378,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII)","volume":"214 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134324936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryosuke Kataoka, Ryuki Suzuki, Yonghoon Ji, Hiromitsu Fujii, H. Kono, K. Umeda
{"title":"ICP-based SLAM Using LiDAR Intensity and Near-infrared Data*","authors":"Ryosuke Kataoka, Ryuki Suzuki, Yonghoon Ji, Hiromitsu Fujii, H. Kono, K. Umeda","doi":"10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEECONF49454.2021.9382647","url":null,"abstract":"Scan-matching is a method of localization based on the alignment of point clouds measured by sensors such as LiDAR. Most of the scan-matching methods utilize only the shape information of the point cloud. However, depending on the environment, features may not be sufficiently available from the shape information, and the accuracy of alignment may decrease. Therefore, we propose a highly accurate scan-matching method by using sensor fusion to obtain shape and physical features from the environment together. In this paper, the near-infrared information of water puddles, which is often seen inside the damaged nuclear power plant, and the reflection intensity of LiDAR are measured and utilized for localization. Experiment results in the real environment show that the proposed method improved the accuracy of the map and the trajectory of the robot by taking advantage of physical features observed from the environment.","PeriodicalId":395378,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII)","volume":"242 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133558523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}