Neuropsychoanalysis最新文献

{"title":"An attachment perspective on the separation distress hypothesis account of depression","authors":"Howard Steele","doi":"10.1080/15294145.2023.2261473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15294145.2023.2261473","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis comment underscores the strong overlap between the separation distress theory (of depression) proposed by Watt and Panksepp, and attachment theory as conceived by John Bowlby. Both theories assume that separation anxiety is a core fear in human (and other animals’) lives. Both theories assume a neurobiological and genetic basis underpinning the relational strivings of humans and other animals. And both theories assert that exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE; experiences of abuse and household dysfunction) gravely interfere with healthy adaptive development. This comment, consistent with attachment theory, assumes loss of a loved one naturally leads to a grieving process including disorganization and disorientation, denial, anger, and sadness before an eventual process of reorganization, permitting the grieving individual to focus more on living loved ones, than dead loved ones – while never forgetting dead loved ones. Also, this comment reports on past literature showing that parents who have an autonomous-secure response to the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) may experience depression, but they do not let this impact their interactions with their children. So further research on depression ought to include the AAI to permit appraisal of the likely course and impact of the depression on the life of the depressed person. Finally, this comment also points out how the ACE questionnaire may be a proxy for judging whether the respondent is living with unresolved loss or unresolved trauma.KEYWORDS: Attachmentseparation anxietyAdult Attachment InterviewACEsunresolved loss/trauma Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":39493,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychoanalysis","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135096538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The separation distress hypothesis: The ultimate theory of depression?","authors":"Paul B. Badcock, Karl J. Friston","doi":"10.1080/15294145.2023.2262471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15294145.2023.2262471","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTIn his latest treatise on the separation distress hypothesis, Watt makes a compelling case that depression ultimately stems from an adaptive response to problems in the social world. Despite our agreement with many of Watt's claims, we argue here that the separation distress hypothesis only tells us part of the story. Finding little reason to favour his model over other socially-oriented theories of depression, we advocate instead for an integrative approach in theoretical psychiatry that can fruitfully incorporate insights arising from each of these evolutionary views, including Watt's own.KEYWORDS: Separation distress hypothesis; evolution; depression; active inference Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging: [Grant Number 205103/Z/16/Z]; and a Canada-UK Artificial Intelligence Initiative [Grant Number ES/T01279X/1].","PeriodicalId":39493,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychoanalysis","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135245900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychedelic-assisted Psychotherapy in 3-D: Acceptance, Connectedness, and Defensiveness","authors":"Lawrence Fischman","doi":"10.1080/15294145.2023.2255991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15294145.2023.2255991","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTAs psychiatry weighs a move from a categorical to a dimensionally-based classification system, clinical research and treatment paradigms may shift towards identifying which dimensions of mental health can improve treatment outcomes across a broad range of diagnostic categories. Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, which is currently in clinical trials for a wide range of conditions from PTSD to tobacco dependency, holds promise for just such a dimensional approach to treatment. Anecdotal reports and qualitative studies have hinted at its potential for decreasing defensiveness and increasing feelings of acceptance and connectedness. In this theoretical paper, I draw upon ideas and research with psychedelics, infant observation, social psychology, and psychoanalysis to explain why psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is especially well-suited for addressing these dimensions of mental health. Because studies already support the use of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy in one dimensionally-based application – the treatment of existential anxiety in patients with cancer – I begin with a look at psychological models of defensiveness in relation to the fear of death. I then use the models of Winnicott, Stern, Carhart-Harris/Friston and others to discuss the experiences of awe, omnipotence, and creativity within ordinary and psychedelic states, and touch on a fourth dimension of mental health, authenticity. I suggest psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy may be viewed as a transitional space ideally suited for working through experiences of disconnection through the process of illusion-disillusionment, allowing gradual acceptance. I conclude with a summary of how acceptance, connectedness, and defensiveness are related to each other and to one’s sense of self.KEYWORDS: PsychedelicAcceptanceConnectednessDefensivenessAuthenticityTransitional space Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Despite some differences in proposed mechanism of action and behavioral effects, I have included findings from one study with 3,4-methylene dioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) together with findings using the “classic” psychedelics, as MDMA is often described in the literature as reducing defensiveness.2 Just how it feels to have fears exposed under the influence of psychedelics is extremely relevant, and discussed further below. Studies of subjects in MDMA-assisted psychotherapy who have PTSD often report facing the triggers of their fear without the expected level of anxiety.3 I am intentionally evoking the seminal study by Ainsworth and Bell (Citation1970), which led to inferences about the generative models used by one-year olds in a strange situation.4 There are, of course, many theories about the origins and meaning of the self in psychoanalytic and other literatures. Admittedly, I am selecting those I consider relevant to my purpose.5 This will have implications in understanding the powerful sense of authenticity in psych","PeriodicalId":39493,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychoanalysis","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134886478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defense styles from the perspective of affective neuroscience","authors":"Y. Hoşgören-Alıcı, J. Hasanlı, G. Özkarar Gradwohl, O. H. Turnbull, E. Çakmak","doi":"10.1080/15294145.2023.2257718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15294145.2023.2257718","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTTo our knowledge, no study has been carried out to observe which subcortical basic affective systems are related to which defense styles. Such a perspective may have the potential to reveal how defenses may interact with subcortical primary emotional systems (PES) and how they contribute to affect regulation. We aimed to analyze the relationship of immature, neurotic, and mature defenses with basic subcortical affects (CARE, PLAY, SEEK, SADNESS, FEAR, ANGER) within an affective neuroscientific perspective. In addition, we sought to explore the effect of psychiatric disorders in relation to PES and defenses, and observe gender effects, if any. The sample consisted of 703 university students, recruited online. The materials included the Turkish translations of the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS) and the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ). The correlations between ANPS and DSQ showed that the immature defenses increase as all negative emotions increase, whereas mature defenses increase as all positive emotions (except CARE) increase and all negative affects decrease (except ANGER). On the other hand, as neurotic defenses increase, CARE, FEAR and SADNESS simultaneously increase. Subjects who reported the presence of psychiatric disorders also reported higher FEAR, SADNESS, ANGER accompanied by higher immature defenses. Finally, male subjects reported higher immature defenses, whereas the females reported higher neurotic defenses, accompanied by higher CARE, SEEK, SADNESS, FEAR, and slightly lower PLAY. Investigating defenses through the lens of affective neuroscience offers the opportunity to link the abstract concept of defenses to increasingly well-understood neurobiology.KEYWORDS: Basic affectsemotionsaffective neuroscience personality scaledefense mechanismsdefense style questionnaireaffect regulation AcknowledgementsThis research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":39493,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychoanalysis","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136059019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychoanalysis: A contemporary introduction <b>Neuropsychoanalysis: A contemporary introduction</b> by Georg Northoff, London: Routledge, 2023, 168 pp., $21.56(paperback), ISBN: 9780367678074","authors":"Hessel Boerboom","doi":"10.1080/15294145.2023.2255982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15294145.2023.2255982","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39493,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychoanalysis","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136152945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The separation distress hypothesis of depression – an update and systematic review*","authors":"Douglas F. Watt","doi":"10.1080/15294145.2023.2240340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15294145.2023.2240340","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39493,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychoanalysis","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135936473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precursors of the affective neuroscience project in the writings of Melanie Klein","authors":"Barry Dauphin","doi":"10.1080/15294145.2023.2243280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15294145.2023.2243280","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39493,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychoanalysis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46342113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychoanalysis moving forward: Exploring different topics and perspectives about the BrainMind","authors":"J. Abrams, I. Biran, Daniela Flores Mosri, P. Moore, Jose Fernando Muñoz Zúñiga","doi":"10.1080/15294145.2023.2210581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15294145.2023.2210581","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding how the BrainMind works still represents a challenge that demands a signi fi cant degree of creativ-ity and curiosity. Di ff erent perspectives can be used to advance hypotheses and theories, reminding us that the exploration of many topics related to neuropsychoanalysis contribute to its unique integrative aim. The fi rst issue of","PeriodicalId":39493,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychoanalysis","volume":"25 1","pages":"1 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48642810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Report on the 21st Congress of the International Neuropsychoanalysis Society, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 2022: “Neuropsychoanalysis: Implications for Clinical Technique”","authors":"Daniela Flores Mosri","doi":"10.1080/15294145.2023.2199746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15294145.2023.2199746","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The 21st Congress of the International Neuropsychoanalysis Society took place in San Juan, Puerto Rico, after two years of waiting because of the lockdown due to the Coronavirus pandemic. The Congress used a hybrid format for the first time to include people who were not able to travel to San Juan. The theme of the Congress was “Neuropsychoanalysis: Implications for Clinical Technique.” The audience had the opportunity of listening to presentations that covered various topics such as memory and learning, transference, the brain explained for the psychodynamically-minded and vice-versa, psychopathology and psychotherapy, modifications to the technique based on neuroscientific findings, clinical praxis and supervision, developmental perspectives, using affective neuroscience in the clinical setting, perspectives on brain injury, emerging psychoanalytic perspectives, research enriching neuropsychoanalytic models, and case presentations.","PeriodicalId":39493,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychoanalysis","volume":"25 1","pages":"67 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43103582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reparative adaptation after brain injury facilitated by psychoanalytic psychotherapy","authors":"M. Edlow, C. Kahn","doi":"10.1080/15294145.2023.2196998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15294145.2023.2196998","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this preliminary qualitative study, we suggest that the synergy of psychoanalysis, neuroplasticity, and the homeostatic imperative enables brain-injured patients, an underserved population, to achieve what we have termed a “reparative adaptation,” meaning the ability to maintain a sense of self and to move forward with creativity and flexibility. A review of clinical case reports of the treatment of brain-injured patients was conducted, providing evidence in this preliminary qualitative study that a neuropsychoanalytic perspective can address not only the cognitive and behavioral results of brain injury but also the psychological challenges. We discuss five clinical findings: the impact of cognitive impairments on psychodynamics; awareness and identity issues; sense of loss; grief and mourning; and reparative adaptation. In addition, we report three technical findings related to the working alliance, the importance of psychoeducation, and alternative modes of communication. This preliminary qualitative study provided evidence that the efficacy of the neuropsychoanalytic perspective in working with brain-injured patients further substantiated a treatment modality that might be effective with other patients as well.","PeriodicalId":39493,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychoanalysis","volume":"25 1","pages":"53 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46782765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}