Medical Journal Armed Forces India最新文献

{"title":"Pyrethroid poisoning: Insecticide with mild human toxicity","authors":"Ramya Iyadurai ,&nbsp;J.V. Peter ,&nbsp;Audrin Lenin ,&nbsp;Bijesh Yadav ,&nbsp;Alex Reginald ,&nbsp;K.P.P. Abhilash ,&nbsp;J.V. Punitha ,&nbsp;Samuel George Hansdak","doi":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pyrethroid insecticides are commonly used insecticides. This study was undertaken to characterize the clinical profile and outcome of deliberate self-harm (DSH) with type 1 and type 2 pyrethroids and identify factors associated with need for hospitalization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South India to study the clinical features, treatment, and outcome of patients with pyrethroid poisoning due to DSH. Patients were categorized as poisoning with type 1 or type 2 pyrethroid compounds. Factors associated with need for hospital admission was explored using bivariate and multivariate regression analysis and expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 379 patients presented with pyrethroid poisoning; 202 (53.3%) patients were male. The median (interquartile range) age was 26 (22–33) years. Transfluthrin (n = 48, 58%) and cypermethrin (n = 149, 50%) were the most frequently implicated type 1 compounds and type 2 compounds, respectively. Of the 130 (34.3%) patients who were admitted, 13 (3.4%) patients required mechanical ventilation. All patients survived. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, ingestion of type 2 pyrethroids (OR: 2.55, 95%CI: 1.31–4.97), history of seizures (OR: 2.62, 95%CI 1.06-6.48), and treatment prior to presentation to the referral hospital (OR: 2.99, 95%CI: 1.87–4.74) were associated with the need for hospitalization.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A third of patients with pyrethroid poisoning require hospitalization. Type 2 pyrethroid poisoning is more frequent in clinical practice. Ingestion of type 2 pyrethroids, seizures, and need for pre-hospital treatment are associated with hospitalization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39387,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal Armed Forces India","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages S217-S222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135664304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomized control trial to compare mini-PCNL vs standard-PCNL for treatment of 1–2 cm size inferior calyceal renal stone","authors":"Puneet Aggarwal ,&nbsp;Sanjeev Tandon","doi":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><span>Lower calyceal anatomy makes the stone clearance a difficult task across all treatment formats. Improvement in optics and miniaturization of instruments have offered an effective and safer alternative to </span>percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The study was conducted to compare the efficacy and complications associated with mini-PCNL vs standard-PCNL.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study was a randomized control trial<span> to compare mini-PCNL vs standard-PCNL for treatment of 1 to 2 cm inferior calyceal stones. Objectives were to compare peri-operative bleeding, operative-time, post-op analgesia requirement, hospital-stay and stone-free rate at 1 month. Patients with 1–2 cm inferior calyceal stones were included. Morbidly obese individuals, patients with renal malformation<span> and paediatric age group were excluded.</span></span></div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>One hundred and fifty seven patients were included out of 207 who underwent PCNL in this period. 80 underwent mini-PCNL and 77 standard-PCNL. Mini-PCNL scored over standard in hospital-stay (3.96 vs 4.73 days), post-operative analgesia requirement (2.58 vs 5.55 gms) and drop in Hb (0.59 vs 0.81 gm/dl). Even stone clearance rate was better for mini-PCNL (87.01% vs 93.75%). Mean surgery time was marginally better for standard-PCNL (44.03 vs 43.33 mins). Stone clearance rate and average surgery time were comparable with no statistically significant difference in the two groups. Analgesia requirement was statistically lower in mini-PCNL due to smaller tract and tubeless-PCNL. Hospital stay was statistically lower in mini-PCNL due to lesser post-operative pain. Peri-operative bleeding was statistically lower in mini-PCNL due to smaller track dilatation and lesser tract bleeding.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Mini-PCNL is a safe and effective treatment option in the management of 1–2 cm inferior calyceal stones with significantly less bleeding, shorter hospital-stay and analgesia requirement as compared to standard-PCNL with comparable stone clearance rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39387,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal Armed Forces India","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages S232-S237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139021702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doege Potter syndrome in patient with solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura","authors":"Sachinkumar Dole ,&nbsp;Samir Gupta ,&nbsp;M.S. Barthwal ,&nbsp;Ashwin Ramesh","doi":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>Solitary fibrous tumors<span> of pleura (SFTP) are rare neoplasms derived from mesenchymal cells of the pleura. A 63-year-old male patient, laborer by </span></span>profession<span><span>, presented with progressive dry cough and breathlessness for one month. Clinically he had left-sided intrathoracic mass which was confirmed by CT </span>thorax<span>. While in hospital, patient had recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry of the mass revealed a SFTP. Complete surgical resection of the mass led to left lung expansion and post-operative stay was uneventful. Patient was discharged with advice for follow-up. When SFTPs are associated with recurrent hypoglycemia, which is caused by the secretion of a high-molecular-weight insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2), it is referred to as the Doege–Potter syndrome (DPS).</span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":39387,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal Armed Forces India","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages S333-S336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139537150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare presentation of left atrial tumor as acute stroke","authors":"Harish Venkata Kasarabada ,&nbsp;Sudhir Joshi ,&nbsp;Sreenivasa Iyenger ,&nbsp;D.V. Desvin","doi":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span><span>This case report deals with a case of stroke in young female patient who was later diagnosed to have left atrial tumor. This female patient in her late 20s presented with a history of 1 month of progressive postural giddiness (in upright position), which was followed by sudden onset right monoparesis. The patient arrived to the hospital with above mentioned complaints. Her </span>National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale<span> was 5, and on examination of cardiovascular system, she had a middiastolic murmur in upright position, which resolved in lying position<span>. Her brain imaging<span> noncontrast computerized tomography (NCCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed </span></span></span></span>lacunar infarcts<span><span><span> in multiple vascular territories. Her transthoracic echocardiography<span> revealed a pedunculated mass of around 4 × 2 cm from inter atrial septum in </span></span>left atrium. She was started on </span>anticoagulation<span> and was referred to a cardio thoracic, and vascular center for tumor excision and biopsy. She underwent successful tumor excision and histopathological examination of the resected mass revealed cardiac myxoma. Incidence of primary cardiac tumor is very less in realtime world data. An </span></span></span>atrial myxoma<span> presenting as acute stroke secondary to tumor embolization is extremely rare.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":39387,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal Armed Forces India","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages S279-S283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41257278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Docetaxel-induced lung injury","authors":"Amit Singh Vasan ,&nbsp;Gurjeet Singh Chowdhary ,&nbsp;Indramani Pandey ,&nbsp;Yadvir Garg ,&nbsp;Dharmesh Soneji","doi":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span><span>Docetaxel<span> is a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used against breast cancer, nonsmall cell lung cancer, gastric, prostate, head and neck cancer<span>. Docetaxel- or taxane-induced interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains a relatively rare reported </span></span></span>adverse event. Although rare, this complication remains an important event to identify and it carries a high mortality. We reported the case series of three patients who had </span>pulmonary toxicity<span> after docetaxel administration. Although literature has described patients progressing to respiratory failure and intubation, our patients responded well to </span></span>steroid treatment and discontinued docetaxel administration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39387,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal Armed Forces India","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages S275-S278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43120635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of chemoprophylaxis during de-induction in preventing complicated falciparum malaria","authors":"Suraj Kapoor,&nbsp;Sujoy Sahu,&nbsp;Rakhi Dhawan,&nbsp;Shravani Datta","doi":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39387,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal Armed Forces India","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages S404-S406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41557241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frog spawn scrotum","authors":"Deepak Vashisht,&nbsp;Choudhary Sampoorna Raj,&nbsp;Preema Sinha,&nbsp;Manoj Gopal Madakshira,&nbsp;Parul Kamboj,&nbsp;Juhi Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39387,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal Armed Forces India","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages S383-S385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47289011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ST elevation myocardial infarction as presenting feature of acute myeloid leukemia","authors":"K.V. Harish ,&nbsp;Revanth Boddu ,&nbsp;Kundan Mishra ,&nbsp;Kanwaljeet Singh ,&nbsp;S.K. Pramanik","doi":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span><span>A 35-year-old male patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with hyperleukocytosis, presented with </span>acute myocardial infarction<span>. The individual had acute onset chest pain<span><span> and reached the hospital within the window period. His electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed </span>ST elevated myocardial infarction<span> (STEMI), ST elevated myocardial infarction, and </span></span></span></span>thrombolysis was performed. Postthrombolysis, there was no resolution of ST elevation, and </span>coronary angiography<span> revealed normal coronaries. His blood picture showed hyperleukocytosis with 80% blasts, and bone marrow and flow cytometry confirmed the diagnosis of AML. Considering the central role of white blood cell in the remodeling of myocardial tissue, it was obvious that administration of chemotherapy with its inevitable pancytopenia<span> could impose an increased risk for further cardiac complications. Nevertheless, cytarabine-based induction chemotherapy<span><span> was initiated; on the third day, he developed bilateral diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. He was managed with </span>mechanical ventilation<span>, component support, empirical antibiotics, and other bundled care. The patient died 2 days later with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and leukemia.</span></span></span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":39387,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal Armed Forces India","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages S243-S246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41723644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating prognosis and survival in patients with glioblastoma in contact with subventricular zone: Tumor location and its correlation with prognosis","authors":"Ehsan Fattahi ,&nbsp;Samuel Berchi Kankam ,&nbsp;Alireza Khoshnevisan ,&nbsp;Amir Pajman Hashemi","doi":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.06.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.06.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><span><span>To explore the altered malignant behavior, prognosis and survival of </span>glioblastoma in contact with </span>Subventricular Zone<span> (SVZ) and independent predictors on patients’ overall survival.</span></div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The records of 131 patients with supratentorial primary glioblastoma who underwent surgery at our hospital between 2012 and 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. The authors reviewed preoperative MRI images and divided patients into two groups: Glioblastoma not in contact with SVZ (G-SVZ) and glioblastoma in contact with SVZ (G + SVZ). They computed and compared the overall survival (OS) of these two groups using the Kaplan–Meier method. The correlation between G + SVZ and OS was investigated using the Cox Proportional Hazard Ratio Model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median progression-free survival (PFS) of the patient was 10 months (Interquartile Range), and the median OS was 13 months. At six months and one year, the OS was 81 percent and 51.1 percent, respectively. Patients with G + SVZ and G-SVZ had a median OS of 12 months and 15 months, respectively (p = 0.0093). According to Cox Multivariate model, repeat surgery (p = 0.001), among other independent predictors, including age ≥60, Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) &lt; 70, and extent of resection (Subtotal/biopsy vs total resection), had the strongest associated decreased OS. G + SVZ independently correlated significantly with reduced patient survival (p = 0.014).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Repeat surgery had the strongest association with decreased OS among the independent predictors of survival in patients with G + SVZ lesions. Prospective studies about molecular mechanisms are needed to explain why G + SVZ lesions are thought to be aggressive and associated with a poor prognosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39387,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal Armed Forces India","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages S21-S28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42462034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with interstitial lung disease and the progressive fibrosing phenotype in rheumatoid arthritis–related interstitial lung disease","authors":"Sahajal Dhooria ,&nbsp;Vikram Babu ,&nbsp;Varun Dhir ,&nbsp;Inderpaul Singh Sehgal ,&nbsp;Kuruswamy Thurai Prasad ,&nbsp;Valliappan Muthu ,&nbsp;Amanjit Bal ,&nbsp;Uma Debi ,&nbsp;Mandeep Garg ,&nbsp;Ritesh Agarwal ,&nbsp;Ashutosh Nath Aggarwal","doi":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><span>The risk factors for interstitial lung disease (ILD) in </span>rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are inconsistent among previous studies. Furthermore, the factors associated with the emergence of the recently defined progressive fibrosing (PF) phenotype are unknown. Herein, we analyze the risk factors for ILD in RA. We also analyze the factors associated with a PF phenotype.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We collected the clinical and laboratory details of subjects with RA with (cases) or without (controls) ILD. Scoring of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) features of ILD was performed. We identified the subgroup that developed the PF phenotype during follow-up. We analyzed the factors associated with ILD using logistic regression (primary objective). We also compared the characteristics of ILD subjects with or without the PF phenotype (secondary objective).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 60 subjects (30 cases, 30 controls). Subjects with ILD had higher age, lower body mass index<span>, longer duration of RA, and poorer lung function than the controls. Age (p = 0.007) and the duration of RA (p = 0.049) were the only significant predictors of ILD on univariate and multivariate analysis<span>, respectively. Six (20%) subjects with RA-ILD developed a PF phenotype. These subjects were older, had greater frequency of honeycombing, and higher HRCT scores for honeycombing and aggregate fibrosis than those without the PF phenotype. Among subjects with honeycombing, 41.7% developed the PF phenotype.</span></span></div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>RA-ILD was associated with the duration of RA and age. Subjects with the PF phenotype were older and had higher honeycombing and fibrosis scores on HRCT chest.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39387,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal Armed Forces India","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages S57-S65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45720381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}