Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium最新文献_第2页

The use of fault trees for the design of robots for hazardous environments 故障树在危险环境机器人设计中的应用

Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium Pub Date : 1996-01-22 DOI: 10.1109/RAMS.1996.500667

I. Walker, J. Cavallaro

{"title":"The use of fault trees for the design of robots for hazardous environments","authors":"I. Walker, J. Cavallaro","doi":"10.1109/RAMS.1996.500667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RAMS.1996.500667","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the application of fault trees to the analysis of robot manipulator reliability and fault tolerance. Although a common and useful tool in other applications, fault trees have only recently been applied to robots. In addition, most of the fault tree analyses in robotics have focused on qualitative, rather than quantitative, analysis. Robotic manipulators present some special problems, due to the complex and strongly coupled nature of their subsystems, and also their wild response to subsystem failures. Additionally, there is a lack of reliability data for robots and their subsystems. There has traditionally been little emphasis on fault tolerance in the design of industrial robots, and data regarding operational robot failures is relatively scarce. However, at this time there is a new and critical need for safe and reliable robots for remote environmental restoration and waste management applications. The question of how to best incorporate fault tolerance and reliability into the design of such remote manipulators remains an open issue, and is the subject of current research. This paper discusses aspects of the reliability problem in robotics, concentrating on the quantitative aspects of fault tree analysis for the design of robot manipulators.","PeriodicalId":393833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131379659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

Fault tree models for the analysis of complex computer-based systems 用于分析复杂计算机系统的故障树模型

Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium Pub Date : 1996-01-22 DOI: 10.1109/RAMS.1996.500663

L. Pullum, J. Dugan

引用次数: 47

A new framework for electronic assembly/system reliability prediction 电子装配/系统可靠性预测的新框架

Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium Pub Date : 1996-01-22 DOI: 10.1109/RAMS.1996.500673

K. Wong

{"title":"A new framework for electronic assembly/system reliability prediction","authors":"K. Wong","doi":"10.1109/RAMS.1996.500673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RAMS.1996.500673","url":null,"abstract":"The inaccuracies of existing reliability prediction methods necessitate a fresh look at the methodology. At least 3 papers appeared in 1995 proposing new approaches for reliability prediction. A new framework for the prediction of part failure rates was published in the March IEEE Trans. Reliability 1995. Still lacking is an approach to bridge the gap between the part failure rates and the system probability of success. This paper presents a reliability prediction framework for assembly/system levels using predicted part failure rates as the takeoff point. Multipliers and environmental stress screening (ESS) times are used to modify part failure rates to give assembly/system failure rates. These multipliers reflect the influences of parts/assemblies interactions, learning curve effects, user malfunction tolerance, repair effectiveness, and management priority on maintenance. The ESS times manifest themselves as time shifts in the equations. Avionic system failure data show that avionic failure rates tend to be higher at the early part of a mission. A mission-time related multiplier is used to modify the standard survival function to give the final probability of system success. If data are available for quantifying the multipliers, the reliability practitioner should use them within this framework immediately. If data are not available one must begin to accumulate the information so that reliability predictions at the assembly/system level can be improved.","PeriodicalId":393833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133615374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Safety evaluation using behavioral simulation models 使用行为模拟模型进行安全评价

Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium Pub Date : 1996-01-22 DOI: 10.1109/RAMS.1996.500646

A.K. Ghosh, B.W. Johnson, J. Profeta

{"title":"Safety evaluation using behavioral simulation models","authors":"A.K. Ghosh, B.W. Johnson, J. Profeta","doi":"10.1109/RAMS.1996.500646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RAMS.1996.500646","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a design environment called ADEPT (advanced design environment prototype tool) which enables designers to assess the dependability of systems early in the design process using behavioral simulation models. ADEPT is an interactive graphical design environment which allows design and analysis of systems throughout the entire design cycle. ADEPT supports functional verification, performance evaluation, and dependability analysis early in the design cycle from a single model in order to dramatically reduce design cycles and deliver products on schedule. In this paper, ADEPT is applied to the design of a distributed computer system used to control trains. Two distinct experiments were run to illustrate dependability evaluation using behavioral simulation models. The first experiment evaluates the effectiveness of using a simple (7,4) Hamming code for protecting information in a distributed system. The second experiment evaluates the effectiveness of a watchdog monitor whose role is to detect hardware and software errors in the distributed system. The experiments illustrate dependability analysis using behavioral simulation models. The first simulation demonstrates estimation of the error coverage of the (7,4) code and the mean time to hazardous event (MTTHE). The second experiment demonstrates functional verification and controllability of behavioral simulation experiments by testing the response of a watchdog monitor design to rare malicious events.","PeriodicalId":393833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122286455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Reliability based strength/fatigue design criteria 基于强度/疲劳设计准则的可靠性

Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium Pub Date : 1996-01-22 DOI: 10.1109/RAMS.1996.500672

Ming-Wei Lu, Y. Lee

引用次数: 8

Developing reliable software 开发可靠的软件

Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium Pub Date : 1996-01-22 DOI: 10.1109/RAMS.1996.500654

S. Keene, C. Lane, J. Kimm

引用次数: 2

A government/industry standard cost effectiveness analysis (CEA) model 政府/行业标准成本效益分析(CEA)模型

Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium Pub Date : 1996-01-22 DOI: 10.1109/RAMS.1996.500642

J. Dockendorf, M.Z. Malson, D.P. McDermott, A. McMasters

{"title":"A government/industry standard cost effectiveness analysis (CEA) model","authors":"J. Dockendorf, M.Z. Malson, D.P. McDermott, A. McMasters","doi":"10.1109/RAMS.1996.500642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RAMS.1996.500642","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive cost effectiveness analysis (CEA) computer model has been developed to evaluate engineering changes to aircraft engines. This CEA model is unique in that it has been adopted by the US Air Force, US Navy, and US Army, as well as jet engine manufacturers such as Pratt & Whitney and General Electric, as a standard cost analysis tool. In an environment of budget cutting and limited options, the standard CEA model provides a level playing field for consistent evaluations of proposed tasks within a program, between programs, and even between services. The CEA model is easy to use, models many different situations, provides instant feedback on \"what-if\" scenarios, and allows graphic presentations to be easily obtained. Thorough analysis by contractors and the government have ensured that the output of the CEA model is consistent with expected results from more strenuous methods. The success of this joint services, government/industry effort to establish a standard, uniform CEA model is especially noteworthy considering the ever increasing importance of consistent cost effective decisions in an environment of limited funding. The teaming process used to create the CEA model and the adaptation of the model to applications other than aircraft engines are recommended.","PeriodicalId":393833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126313361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

International standards: their new role in a global economy 国际标准:它们在全球经济中的新角色

Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium Pub Date : 1996-01-22 DOI: 10.1109/RAMS.1996.500636

D.J. O'Leary

引用次数: 2

Space Shuttle probabilistic risk assessment: methodology and application 航天飞机概率风险评估:方法和应用

Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium Pub Date : 1996-01-22 DOI: 10.1109/RAMS.1996.500652

G. Maggio

引用次数: 20

An extension of goal-question-metric paradigm for software reliability 软件可靠性的目标-问题-度量范式的扩展

Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium Pub Date : 1996-01-22 DOI: 10.1109/RAMS.1996.500656

R. Stoddard

{"title":"An extension of goal-question-metric paradigm for software reliability","authors":"R. Stoddard","doi":"10.1109/RAMS.1996.500656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RAMS.1996.500656","url":null,"abstract":"The driving need in software reliability is to mature the \"physics of failure\" and design aspects related to software reliability. This type of focus would then enhance one's ability to effect reliable software in a predictable form. A major challenge is that software reliability, in essence, requires one to measure compliance to customer/user requirements. Customer/user requirements can range over a wide spectrum of software product attributes that relate directly or indirectly to software performance. Identifying and measuring these attributes in a structured way to minimize risk and allow pro-active preventive action during software development is no easy task. The goal-question-metric paradigm, discussed by Dr. Vic Basili (1992), is one popular and effective approach to measurement identification. However, in practice, additional challenges in using this approach have been encountered. Some of these challenges, though, seem to be alleviated with use of a reliability technique called success/fault tree analysis. Experience has shown that the goal-question-metric paradigm is conducive to the building of G-Q-M trees which may be analyzed using reliability success/fault tree logic.","PeriodicalId":393833,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117253531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1