{"title":"G.D.H. Cole and the History of Socialist Thought1","authors":"A. Gamble","doi":"10.1332/policypress/9781529217049.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529217049.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This essay is the Introduction to a new edition of G.D.H. Cole’s five-volume History of Socialist Thought, which covers not only socialist thought between 1789 and 1939 but also in the later volumes a history of socialist movements after 1848. Cole’s own contribution to socialist thought is discussed through his writings on Guild Socialism and his opposition to the centralising creeds of Marxism-Leninism and Social Democracy, which dominated the politics of the Left in the decades after the First World War. Cole gave eloquent expositions of the intellectual traditions of both Marxism-Leninism and Social Democracy, but his own deeper commitment was to the decentralised forms of socialism which he had championed when young, and he was a strong critic both of Soviet Communism and of parliamentary socialism.","PeriodicalId":393570,"journal":{"name":"The Western Ideology and Other Essays","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116859923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ideas and Interests in British Economic Policy1","authors":"A. Gamble","doi":"10.1332/policypress/9781529217049.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529217049.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"This essay explores the interaction between ideas and interests in understanding the Keynesian and Thatcher eras. It uses three accounts of what is most important in shaping public policy; general doctrines about the nature of society and the role of government, such as Dicey’s contrast between individualism and collectivism; economic interests; and historical and institutional contexts. The role of thinktanks, expertise, and the competitive democratic process in developing the role of general doctrines and the climate of ideas are discussed, and are contrasted with interest accounts which rely on theoretical insights into the structure of classes or the structure of collective action or the structure of public choice. Both approaches are vulnerable to a critique employing historical methods to reconstruct the actual contexts in which public policy is made.","PeriodicalId":393570,"journal":{"name":"The Western Ideology and Other Essays","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129239993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social Democracy in a Global World (2009)","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1mcpmjw.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1mcpmjw.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393570,"journal":{"name":"The Western Ideology and Other Essays","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121469500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oakeshott and Totalitarianism (2016)","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1mcpmjw.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1mcpmjw.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393570,"journal":{"name":"The Western Ideology and Other Essays","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115860301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oakeshott’s Ideological Politics1","authors":"A. Gamble","doi":"10.1332/policypress/9781529217049.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529217049.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"This essay asks whether Oakeshott should be considered as a liberal or as a conservative thinker. It examines the nature of ideology and Oakeshott’s insistence that his own positions and writing were not ideological. The essay demonstrates that there are considerable ideological elements in some of Oakeshott’s writings, particularly in his essays on the post-war Labour Government as well as some of his later writings including Rationalism in Politics and On Human Conduct. The essay concludes that while Oakeshott may be considered a liberal in many of his attitudes, in politics his positions are clearly Conservative. His standing as a Conservative thinker is not misplaced.","PeriodicalId":393570,"journal":{"name":"The Western Ideology and Other Essays","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125721318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Drifter’s Escape1","authors":"A. Gamble","doi":"10.1332/policypress/9781529217049.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529217049.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"This essay examines the conceptions of politics and the political in the song lyrics of Bob Dylan. Dylan’s view of politics and the political world is complex and many-sided but generally bleak, summed up in the lines ‘power and greed and corruptible seed seem to be all that there is’. The essay traces different aspects of his view of politics through the many references to politics which appear in his songs, which reveal the deployment of some persistent themes, particularly alienation, and his view that the political world is an alienated world. This is explored through Dylan’s sense of a coming apocalypse (particularly in his religious period), his imagining of the political world as a prison, a graveyard, and an insanity factory, and his sense that the only way to survive is to become an outlaw.","PeriodicalId":393570,"journal":{"name":"The Western Ideology and Other Essays","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130932461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neo-liberalism and the Tax State (2013)","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1mcpmjw.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1mcpmjw.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393570,"journal":{"name":"The Western Ideology and Other Essays","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124476076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hayek on Knowledge, Economics and Society1","authors":"A. Gamble","doi":"10.1332/policypress/9781529217049.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529217049.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This essay examines Hayek’s theory of knowledge, and the role which it plays in his writings on economics and society. It treats the knowledge which members of modern societies possess as imperfect and incomplete, because knowledge is fragmented and dispersed among millions of individuals, because the limits of human reason make many things unknown and unknowable, and because modern societies are as a result complex evolving organisms which cannot be understood or controlled by the normal methods of science. Acting on the assumption that human beings do have the knowledge to control society leads to serious harm. Hayek was critical of all social theories that pretended to such knowledge, including much of mainstream economics. His political pessimism derived from his epistemological pessimism, but he remained trapped in the rationalism he was so keen to reject.","PeriodicalId":393570,"journal":{"name":"The Western Ideology and Other Essays","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127075012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ideas and Interests in British Economic Policy (1989)","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1mcpmjw.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1mcpmjw.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393570,"journal":{"name":"The Western Ideology and Other Essays","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115659624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epilogue: The Western Ideology Revisited","authors":"A. Gamble","doi":"10.46692/9781529217070.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46692/9781529217070.015","url":null,"abstract":"An important aspect of politics and of the study of politics is how agendas are set and issues framed. What seems vitally important at one particular time can be of no interest at another. Politics and the study of politics are both subject to fashion, both in the issues that seem important and in the languages and conceptual frameworks we use to discuss them. We spend most of our lives immersed in our own times and it is very hard to stand outside them and look at them objectively, very hard to understand which of all the trends are likely to be the decisive ones, which of the many forks in the road will be the one taken. One of the features of the human condition which Hayek described so well is the limited knowledge we possess....","PeriodicalId":393570,"journal":{"name":"The Western Ideology and Other Essays","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132692454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}