West African Journal of Applied Ecology最新文献_第5页

Assessment of the Water Quality of the Oti River in Ghana 加纳奥蒂河水质评价

West African Journal of Applied Ecology Pub Date : 2010-01-13 DOI: 10.4314/WAJAE.V15I1.49427

A. Abdul-Razak, A. Asiedu, R. Entsua-Mensah, K. deGraft-Johnson

{"title":"Assessment of the Water Quality of the Oti River in Ghana","authors":"A. Abdul-Razak, A. Asiedu, R. Entsua-Mensah, K. deGraft-Johnson","doi":"10.4314/WAJAE.V15I1.49427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/WAJAE.V15I1.49427","url":null,"abstract":"Oti river, an important tributary of the Volta lake in Ghana, was chosen as a case study to investigate the variations in the quality of its water at different locations. This was necessitated by the people’s reliance on the river for their domestic and agricultural water use. Composite water samples drawn from some sections of the Oti river were analysed in the laboratory for certain parameters to enable assessment of water quality. The observed results of the laboratory analyses are compared with the 2003 Ghana Raw Water Criteria and Guidelines for domestic use. The results indicated that turbidity, total iron, faecal coliforms and total coliforms were above the limits set out by the 2003 Ghana Raw Water Criteria and Guidelines for domestic use. Thus, the water from Oti river was considered unsuitable for direct human consumption at the sampled locations. Using the Water Quality Index (WQI) Calculator 1.0, the WQI for Oti river was calculated to be 39.3. The WQI indicates that water quality in the Oti river was poor. This implies that the water quality is almost always threatened or impaired; conditions usually depart from natural or desirable levels. Public awareness with respect to the need to boil and/or filter the water before drinking is called for. Sanitary facilities to control river pollution and appropriate water treatments techniques are required in the area to improve the welfare of the riparian dwellers.","PeriodicalId":39286,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"15 1","pages":"51-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/WAJAE.V15I1.49427","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70684976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 69

Analysis of Stable Isotope Contents of Surface and Underground Water in Two Main Geological Formations in the Northern Region of Ghana 加纳北部地区两个主要地质构造地表水和地下水稳定同位素含量分析

West African Journal of Applied Ecology Pub Date : 2010-01-13 DOI: 10.4314/WAJAE.V15I1.49430

Kb Pelig-Ba

引用次数: 28

Intestinal Parasites of the Grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus Temminck 1827) from the Kwaebibirem District of the Eastern Region of Ghana 加纳东部Kwaebibirem地区割草者肠道寄生虫(Thryonomys swinderianus Temminck 1827)

West African Journal of Applied Ecology Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/WAJAE.V17I1.65138

G. Futagbi, D. Agyei, I. F. Aboagye, D. Yirenya-Tawiah, D. Edoh

{"title":"Intestinal Parasites of the Grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus Temminck 1827) from the Kwaebibirem District of the Eastern Region of Ghana","authors":"G. Futagbi, D. Agyei, I. F. Aboagye, D. Yirenya-Tawiah, D. Edoh","doi":"10.4314/WAJAE.V17I1.65138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/WAJAE.V17I1.65138","url":null,"abstract":"The profiles of intestinal parasites of the grasscutter were investigated in 21 grasscutters collected from Kwaebibirem District in the Eastern Region of Ghana between January and April 2005. The aim of the study was to investigate the parasitic profile of the grasscutter in a forest zone and provide information for grasscutter farming. The intestinal content of the animals were examined with the aid of a hand lens, a microscope and direct smear method. The parasites identified include helminthes such as Ancylostoma sp., Trichuris sp., Ascaris sp., Hymenolepis sp. and Schistosoma haematobium, and protozoans such as Giardia sp. and Entamoeba sp. Almost all (95.2%) of the grasscutters were infected with Ancylostoma sp., the most prevalent parasite species in the study, followed by Giardia sp. (85.7%). More than 80% of the grasscutters were infected with at least four parasite species and 33% were infected with at least five parasite species. The study, therefore, prescribes routine treatment of grasscutters obtained from the wild before they are domesticated or added to the already domesticated ones. This will help prevent reduced productivity due to parasitic infections.","PeriodicalId":39286,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"17 1","pages":"81-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70693781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Strip Cropping: A Potential IPM Tool for Reducing Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) Infestations in Cassava 带状种植:一种减少木薯粉虱、烟粉虱属(同翅目:粉虱科)侵害的潜在IPM工具

West African Journal of Applied Ecology Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/WAJAE.V17I1.65140

E. Ewusie, M. Parajulee, D. Adabie-Gomez, D. Wester

{"title":"Strip Cropping: A Potential IPM Tool for Reducing Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) Infestations in Cassava","authors":"E. Ewusie, M. Parajulee, D. Adabie-Gomez, D. Wester","doi":"10.4314/WAJAE.V17I1.65140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/WAJAE.V17I1.65140","url":null,"abstract":"Insect pests and diseases are a major limiting factor to cassava production in Africa. The cassava mosaic virus disease (CMVD), caused by cassava mosaic geminiviruses (CMGs) (Geminiviridae: Begomovirus) and transmitted by whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius , threatens the production of the crop in Africa, causing an estimated annual yield loss of over 1.5 billion US dollars. A 6-month field experiments were conducted to explore the potential of using strip cropping to reduce whitefly infestations in cassava, Manihot esculenta Crantz (Euphorbiaceae). Five rows each of cassava, Jatropha and cotton were grown around a 10-row (1 m row width) × 25 m cassava plots in a randomized complete block design. At weekly intervals, the levels of whiteflies infestations (number of eggs, nymphs and adults) per plot were determined. A significantly lower numbers of immature (egg and nymph) and adult Bemisia tabaci were found in cassava plots surrounded on all sides by five rows of both cotton and Jatropha curcas, clearly demonstrating the potential of strip cropping as a management option for the suppression of Bemisia tabaci populations.","PeriodicalId":39286,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"17 1","pages":"109-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70693798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Farmer assessment, conservation and utilization of endangered sorghum landraces in the Upper West Region of Ghana. 加纳上西部地区濒危高粱地方品种的农民评估、保护和利用。

West African Journal of Applied Ecology Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/WAJAE.V17I1.65134

S. Buah, A. B. Huudu, B. Ahiabor, S. Yakubu, M. Abu-Juam

{"title":"Farmer assessment, conservation and utilization of endangered sorghum landraces in the Upper West Region of Ghana.","authors":"S. Buah, A. B. Huudu, B. Ahiabor, S. Yakubu, M. Abu-Juam","doi":"10.4314/WAJAE.V17I1.65134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/WAJAE.V17I1.65134","url":null,"abstract":"Grain sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is an important staple food crop in the savanna zone of Ghana. Surveys to determine farmers’ perception, crop management strategies and variety maintenance of neglected sorghum landraces were conducted in the Upper West Region of Ghana in 2004. Fifty-nine samples of the neglected landraces were collected from farmers and screened in an observation nursery in 2005 and 2006. Local landraces cultivated by subsistence farmers were 3–4.5 m tall and required 90–180 days to mature. Farmers classified them into three maturity groups: early medium and late-maturing varieties. Early maturing landraces were found in drier northwestern areas of the region and took about 90–115 days to mature. The intermediate ones matured in about 120–135 days. The late maturing landraces were found in the wetter south and are typically more than 4 m tall, requiring 140–180 days to mature. Most of the neglected sorghum landraces are either late maturing, have low yield potential, or are no longer adapted to the climatic and environmental conditions of the Region. The study showed a possible duplication among the landraces collected. Farmer preference criteria for local sorghum are based largely on food quality (overall ability to give good tuo), stable grain yield, brewing quality, earliness, grain quality and drought tolerance. Further improvement of sorghum must take these selection criteria and differences into account. It is clear that indigenous sorghum genetic material is being eroded and, therefore, measures must be taken to conserve existing landraces.","PeriodicalId":39286,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"17 1","pages":"11-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70693485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Large mammal Fauna of the Afadjato and Agumatsa range in Ghana: An important bird area 在加纳的Afadjato和Agumatsa范围的大型哺乳动物动物群:一个重要的鸟类区

West African Journal of Applied Ecology Pub Date : 2009-09-08 DOI: 10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45782

E. H. Owusu, E. Ekpe, A. Asamoah

{"title":"Large mammal Fauna of the Afadjato and Agumatsa range in Ghana: An important bird area","authors":"E. H. Owusu, E. Ekpe, A. Asamoah","doi":"10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45782","url":null,"abstract":"The Mount Afadjato and Agumatsa Range Conservation Area (AACA) is one of the globally important bird area in Ghana, currently being managed through community-based conservation actions by local people with the support of the Ghana Wildlife Society. As in many other Ghanaian communities the mammal fauna of the site continue to decline as a result of many factors, basically anthropogenic in origin. The aim of the study was to assess the status of large mammals in the area in terms of their diversity, relative abundance, density, and species of local, national and international conservation concern, and the factors likely to affect these variables. The diversity, relative abundance and densities of mammal species at the site are one of the lowest in Ghanaian forests. There is every indication that the major factors causing the decline in mammal population in the area are habitat degradation and hunting pressure. As in many other communities in the West African sub-region, all mammals are negatively impacted upon by human activities. Consequently, given that whatever activities being proposed by the locally initiated community-based conservation programme will greatly depend on availability of wildlife, especially for ecotourism, there is a need for a more pragmatic approach to conserve the remaining wildlife without further delay.","PeriodicalId":39286,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45782","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70414506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Food and feeding habits of grey Mullets (Pisces: Mugilidae) in two estuaries in Ghana 加纳两个河口的灰鲻鱼(双鱼座:鲻科)的食物和摄食习性

West African Journal of Applied Ecology Pub Date : 2009-09-08 DOI: 10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45786

Hr Dankwa, J. Blay, K. Yankson

{"title":"Food and feeding habits of grey Mullets (Pisces: Mugilidae) in two estuaries in Ghana","authors":"Hr Dankwa, J. Blay, K. Yankson","doi":"10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45786","url":null,"abstract":"Food and feeding habits of grey mullets (Mugilidae) in the River Volta and River Pra estuaries in Ghana were studied between February 1997 and July 1998 as part of efforts to encourage their culture. Stomach contents of fish samples, obtained with a cast net and a drag net, were analysed using the ‘points’ and frequency of occurrence method. Diatoms, detrital material and sand particles were the major items in the stomachs of all the species from the two estuaries. Their diet did not show any substantial seasonality, neither did it change with size. The various species ingested sand particles of selected range with Liza dumerilii ingesting the widest range in both estuaries, 41.2-1195.8 im in the Volta estuary, and 33.0-1649.0 im in the Pra estuary. Species that ingested the same modal size of sand particles showed preferences for different food items. The shortest mean relative gut length (gut length to body length ratio) of 1.82 and 1.72 were calculated for L. dumerilii in the Volta and Pra estuaries, respectively, while the longest mean relative gut length of 4.56 was calculated for Mugil cephalus in the Volta estuary and 4.33 for Liza grandisquamis in the Pra estuary. All the species showed a diurnal feeding habit, with the main feeding period occurring between 08.00 and 12.00 h. The peak feeding time, however, differed among the species.","PeriodicalId":39286,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45786","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70414616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

Mucuna pruriens and its effect on some physical, chemical and biological properties of a Forest Acrisol 粘虫及其对一种森林吖啶醇理化生物学特性的影响

West African Journal of Applied Ecology Pub Date : 2009-09-08 DOI: 10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45789

S. Boateng

引用次数: 3

Short- and long-term effects of sparingly soluble phosphates on crop production in two contrasting Nigerian Alfisols 在两种不同的尼日利亚Alfisols中，疏溶性磷酸盐对作物生产的短期和长期影响

West African Journal of Applied Ecology Pub Date : 2009-09-08 DOI: 10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45803

E. Akinrinde, K. Okeleye

{"title":"Short- and long-term effects of sparingly soluble phosphates on crop production in two contrasting Nigerian Alfisols","authors":"E. Akinrinde, K. Okeleye","doi":"10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45803","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of Sokoto and Ogun rock phosphates (RP) as substitutes for the conventional phosphorus (P) fertilizer sources in the production of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and okra (Hibiscus esculentus) were evaluated using single super-phosphate (SSP) as reference. Their residual effects were also investigated using rice (Oryzae sativa) and soybean (Glysine max). The two experiments were 2 × 2 × 4 factorial combinations with completely randomized design (CRD) involving two crops, two soils, three P-fertilizer sources and a control. The treatment combinations were replicated four times to give a total of 64 pots, each containing 5 kg of either a slightly acid (pH 6.3) alfisol (Typic Paleudalf) A, from Abeokuta (rainforest ecological zone) or a medium acid (pH 5.9) alfisol (Oxic Paleustalf) B, from Zaria (southern Guinea savanna zone). The soils represent a wide range of Nigerian soils with medium to low P-availability and cultivated to various food and economic crops. The rock phosphates (particularly SRP) were more efficient than SSP in soil A but had less than 50% relative agronomic efficiency (RAE) in soil B, especially when tomato was the test crop. They also had higher RAE in soil A than in soil B when okra was grown, though the efficiency was not as high as that of the reference fertilizer. In the slightly acid alfisol (A), ORP was less efficient than SRP whereas it had 47.8% RAE compared with 34.9% RAE for SRP in the medium acid soil. In the second cropping, the soil from the rainforest zone still produced greater biomass than soil B while soybean gave more biomass than rice. The results confirmed that, apart from crop species to be grown, organic matter and clay contents as well as pH of soils should be considered for efficient utilization of the sparingly soluble phosphates for both short- and long- term effects in crop production.","PeriodicalId":39286,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45803","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70415284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

The influence of N and P on maize yield and yield components in maize/rice mixture in the Northern Savanna Zone of Nigeria 氮、磷对尼日利亚北部稀树草原玉米/水稻杂交玉米产量及产量成分的影响

West African Journal of Applied Ecology Pub Date : 2009-09-08 DOI: 10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45781

J. Kombiok, K. Elemo

{"title":"The influence of N and P on maize yield and yield components in maize/rice mixture in the Northern Savanna Zone of Nigeria","authors":"J. Kombiok, K. Elemo","doi":"10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45781","url":null,"abstract":"Most recommended fertilizer rates available for crops in the northern savanna zone of Nigeria are for crops in monoculture. In order to be able to recommend to farmers the rates of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to be applied to maize and rice in an intercropping system to increase crop yields, a field experiment was conducted at the Samaru farm of the Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR), Nigeria (Lat. 11o 11’ N and Long. 07o 38’ E) at 680 m above sea level on a sandy loam soil in 1990 and 1992. Factorial combination of four levels of N (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1) and three levels of P (0, 13.2 and 26.4 kg ha-1) were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Yield components of maize such as ears/m2 increased significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of N and P but no significant changes were observed in shelling percentage and 100 seed weight of maize. The number of panicles/m2 and number of tillers/plant were the yield components of rice that responded significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of N and P. Threshing percent and 1000 seed weight of rice were not significantly affected by increasing levels of N and P. Grain yields of maize and rice increased significantly (P < 0.05) by raising the levels of N and P. The application of 13.2 kg P ha-1 at each level of N significantly (P < 0.05) increased maize and rice yields. However, the highest grain yields of both crops were obtained when 120 kg N ha-1 and 13.2 kg P ha-1 were applied.","PeriodicalId":39286,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/WAJAE.V8I1.45781","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70414496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2