Open Neurology Journal最新文献

Nocardia Lymphadenitis and Encephalitis in Immunocompromised Patient: A Case Report 免疫功能低下患者的诺卡菌淋巴结炎和脑炎1例报告

Open Neurology Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.2174/011874205x254011230922043119

Rizaldy Taslim Pinzon, Tillandsia Filli Folia Primastuti

{"title":"Nocardia Lymphadenitis and Encephalitis in Immunocompromised Patient: A Case Report","authors":"Rizaldy Taslim Pinzon, Tillandsia Filli Folia Primastuti","doi":"10.2174/011874205x254011230922043119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011874205x254011230922043119","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nocardiosis-related HIV usually appears in immunocompromised patients, which is caused by Nocardia sp. Although a number of reports describe pulmonary forms of nocardiosis in HIV-positive patients, lymphadenitis and encephalitis due to this organism are rare entities. Our preliminary search has only found a few cases reported in the literature. Unless investigations like gram stain and culture for Nocardia are specifically done, the infection is often mistaken for tuberculosis. We have herein reported a case of Nocardia lymphadenitis and encephalitis in an HIV-positive patient. Case Presentation: A 33-year-old male presented fever, progressive weakness in the right side of the body, multiple lesions on the oral cavity, and left colli lesions. Physical examination found GCS as E4 M6 V uncounted, hypertonic and increased physiology reflexes on the right extremity without pathologic reflexes, meningeal signs, and all cranial nerves as normal. The laboratory test result was HIV-positive with CD4+ 7 cells/μL and Nocardia sp. on histopathology. A plain head computed tomography (CT) scan showed a hypodense lesion in the fronto-temporo-parieto-occipital sinistra region, and vasogenic edema. The patient was administered antiretroviral (ARV) therapy and antibiotics for nocardiosis lymphadenitis. Conclusion: A rare case of Nocardia lymphadenitis has been reported in this paper, and the physician must be aware of nocardiosis in HIV patients with neurological deficits.","PeriodicalId":39123,"journal":{"name":"Open Neurology Journal","volume":"30 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136132833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiology and Clinical Course of Chronic Autoimmune Neuropathies During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Latvia 拉脱维亚SARS-CoV-2大流行期间慢性自身免疫性神经病变的流行病学和临床病程

Open Neurology Journal Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.2174/1874205x-v17-230619-2022-14

Ieva Glāzere, Marija Luīze Kalniņa, Dmitrijs Rots, Marija Roddate, Linda Gailīte, Nataļja Kurjāne, Viktorija Ķēniņa

{"title":"Epidemiology and Clinical Course of Chronic Autoimmune Neuropathies During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Latvia","authors":"Ieva Glāzere, Marija Luīze Kalniņa, Dmitrijs Rots, Marija Roddate, Linda Gailīte, Nataļja Kurjāne, Viktorija Ķēniņa","doi":"10.2174/1874205x-v17-230619-2022-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874205x-v17-230619-2022-14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic autoimmune neuropathies are a group of rare neurological disorders caused by the immune response to autoantigens in the peripheral nervous system. Objective: This study aimed to report epidemiological data in Latvia on the most common chronic autoimmune neuropathies and evaluate SARS-CoV-2 infections or vaccinations’ impact on our patient’s clinical course of the disease. Methods: A single-center observational study was performed, which included all patients diagnosed with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) in Latvia since 2015. Prevalence and incidence were calculated by using population data from the corresponding time of the Central Statistics Bureau of Latvia. Detailed clinical evaluation and re-assessment of diagnostic criteria were performed in the whole study group. All patients underwent telephone interviews regarding their SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or infection status. Results: This study included 23 CIDP and 8 MMN patients. The point prevalence and incidence of CIDP were 1.21 per 100 000 people and 1.16 per 100 000 people, respectively. The point prevalence and incidence of MMN were 0.42 per 100 000 individuals and 0.40 per 100 000 individuals, respectively. Most of the patients involved in this study (90%, n=28) with CIDP or MMN were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 infection, and none of the patients experienced fluctuations or relapse regarding autoimmune polyneuropathy. Conclusion: The incidence and prevalence of CIDP and MMN in Latvia are similar to previously reported European studies. In our study group, vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 was safe and did not negatively affect the clinical course of CIDP and MMN patients.","PeriodicalId":39123,"journal":{"name":"Open Neurology Journal","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136084833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Post-COVID-19 Sydenham Chorea: A Case Report 后covid -19西德汉姆舞蹈病:一例报告

Open Neurology Journal Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI: 10.2174/1874205x-v17-e230403-2022-13

José Augusto Camargo, Stéfani Augustoli Morcillo

{"title":"Post-COVID-19 Sydenham Chorea: A Case Report","authors":"José Augusto Camargo, Stéfani Augustoli Morcillo","doi":"10.2174/1874205x-v17-e230403-2022-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874205x-v17-e230403-2022-13","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sydenham chorea, or rheumatic chorea, is a movement disorder that is more prevalent among young people, with a mean age at symptom onset between 8 and 9 years. The condition is more common in females. Sydenham chorea is associated with rheumatic fever and is considered the most common cause of acute chorea in children. We believe that the present case is worth reporting since the occurrence of Sydenham chorea as a post-COVID-19 sequela has not been described in Brazil. Case Presentation: We report here the case of a 14-year-old girl with symptoms of acute chorea that emerged 15 days after treatment resolution of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Brain computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging scans showed no changes, and the laboratory tests revealed no signs of an active infectious process. In contrast, neurological positron-emission tomography/CT showed mild glycolytic hypometabolism in the bilateral mesial frontal region. Administration of an oral anticonvulsant resulted in a marked improvement in her symptoms. Conclusion: Despite major efforts of the scientific community for discovering treatments, preventive methods, mechanisms of action, and possible sequelae of SARS-CoV-2, there is still a long way to go to better understand this devastating pathological agent that has affected the global population.","PeriodicalId":39123,"journal":{"name":"Open Neurology Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135793128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Post-COVID-19 Sydenham Chorea: A Case Report 后covid -19西德汉姆舞蹈病:一例报告

Open Neurology Journal Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI: 10.2174/1874205X-v17-230223-2022-13

José Augusto Camargo, Stéfani Augustoli Morcillo

{"title":"Post-COVID-19 Sydenham Chorea: A Case Report","authors":"José Augusto Camargo, Stéfani Augustoli Morcillo","doi":"10.2174/1874205X-v17-230223-2022-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874205X-v17-230223-2022-13","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Sydenham chorea, or rheumatic chorea, is a movement disorder that is more prevalent among young people, with a mean age at symptom onset between 8 and 9 years. The condition is more common in females. Sydenham chorea is associated with rheumatic fever and is considered the most common cause of acute chorea in children. We believe that the present case is worth reporting since the occurrence of Sydenham chorea as a post-COVID-19 sequela has not been described in Brazil.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We report here the case of a 14-year-old girl with symptoms of acute chorea that emerged 15 days after treatment resolution of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Brain computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging scans showed no changes, and the laboratory tests revealed no signs of an active infectious process. In contrast, neurological positron-emission tomography/CT showed mild glycolytic hypometabolism in the bilateral mesial frontal region. Administration of an oral anticonvulsant resulted in a marked improvement in her symptoms.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Despite major efforts of the scientific community for discovering treatments, preventive methods, mechanisms of action, and possible sequelae of SARS-CoV-2, there is still a long way to go to better understand this devastating pathological agent that has affected the global population.\u0000","PeriodicalId":39123,"journal":{"name":"Open Neurology Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68053030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An immunological analysis of dystroglycan subunits: lessons learned from a small cohort of non-congenital dystrophic patients. 糖营养不良亚基的免疫学分析:非先天性营养不良患者小队列的经验教训。

Open Neurology Journal Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-10-20 DOI: 10.2174/1874205X01105010068

Ernesto Pavoni, Francesca Sciandra, Giorgio Tasca, Roberta Tittarelli, Manuela Bozzi, Bruno Giardina, Enzo Ricci, Andrea Brancaccio

{"title":"An immunological analysis of dystroglycan subunits: lessons learned from a small cohort of non-congenital dystrophic patients.","authors":"Ernesto Pavoni, Francesca Sciandra, Giorgio Tasca, Roberta Tittarelli, Manuela Bozzi, Bruno Giardina, Enzo Ricci, Andrea Brancaccio","doi":"10.2174/1874205X01105010068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874205X01105010068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dystroglycan (DG) expression pattern can be altered in severe muscular dystrophies. In fact, some congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs) and limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) are caused by point mutations identified in six glycosyltransferase genes which are likely to target different steps along the posttranslational \"O-glycosylation route\" leading to a fully decorated and functional α-DG subunit. Indeed, hypoglycosylation of α-DG is thought to represent a major pathological event, in that it could reduce the DG's ability to bind the basement membrane components, thus leading to sarcolemmal instability and necrosis. In order to set up an efficient standard immunological protocol, taking advantage of a wide panel of antibodies, we have analyzed the two DG subunits in a small cohort of adult dystrophic patients, whom an extensive medical examination had already clinically classified as affected by LGMD (5), Miyoshi (1) or distal (1) myopathy. Immunofluorescence analysis of skeletal muscle tissue sections revealed a proper sarcolemmal localization of the DG subunits in all the patients analyzed. However, Western blot analysis of lectin enriched skeletal muscle samples revealed an abnormal glycosylation of α-DG in two patients. Our work reinforces the notion that a careful immunological and biochemical analysis of the two DG subunits should be always considered as a prerequisite for the identification of new putative cases of dystroglycanopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":39123,"journal":{"name":"Open Neurology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"68-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8e/b1/TONEUJ-5-68.PMC3204415.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40123697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pregnant women with epilepsy in a developing country. 发展中国家的癫痫孕妇。

Open Neurology Journal Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-10-20 DOI: 10.2174/1874205X01105010063

Silvia Kochen, Constanza Salera, Josef Seni

引用次数: 18