Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie最新文献_第3页

Building key competencies in clinical research: CONSCIOUS curriculum projects 建立临床研究的关键能力：有意识的课程项目

Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie Pub Date : 2023-02-08 DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.026

J. Rychlíčková, Zora Cechova, K. Nebeska, L. Součková

引用次数: 0

Neonatal abstinence syndrome: window to the latest treatment practice out of The Czech Republic 新生儿戒断综合征:捷克共和国最新治疗实践的窗口

Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.018

Kateřina Olga Koutská

{"title":"Neonatal abstinence syndrome: window to the latest treatment practice out of The Czech Republic","authors":"Kateřina Olga Koutská","doi":"10.36290/far.2022.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36290/far.2022.018","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : The article summarizes the latest findings in the pharmacological treatment and non-pharmacological care of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), diagnosis P96.1. Methods: This article reviews randomized clinical trials on the therapeutic treatment of NAS with the active substances morphine, methadone, buprenorphine, phenobarbital and clonidine with parameters of treatment duration and length of hospital stay. The source for this article is freely accessible publications searchable in the medical bibliographic database PubMed. Results: The progressive increase in scientific works in the field of treatment optimization about the median length of hospitalization and length of treatment is reflected in practice by the creation of a whole series of treatment protocols. For both measured parameters, median hospitalization and treatment duration, the buprenorphine molecule achieves better results compared to methadone and morphine. Phenobarbital was a significantly better adjunctive therapy than clonidine in methadone treatment also in both measured parameters. Conclusion: Aspects such as the choice of a suitable preparation, its pharmaceutical form and a standardized globally recognized treatment protocol remain a still controversial topic and the point of interest for further research.","PeriodicalId":39116,"journal":{"name":"Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46910435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 and the lung: from interstitial pneumonia to pulmonary fibrosis COVID-19与肺:从间质性肺炎到肺纤维化

Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.016

Š. Laššán, M. Laššánová

引用次数: 0

Comparison of MwPharm 3.30 (DOS) and MwPharm ++ (Windows) Versions of Pharmacokinetic Software for PK/PD Modelling of Vancomycin in Continuous Administration 连续给药万古霉素PK/PD建模药代动力学软件MwPharm 3.30（DOS）和MwParm++（Windows）版本的比较

Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.014

M. Hricová, B. Koristkova, Eliška Vavreckova, I. Kacířová, H. Brozmanova, M. Grundmann

{"title":"Comparison of MwPharm 3.30 (DOS) and MwPharm ++ (Windows) Versions of Pharmacokinetic Software for PK/PD Modelling of Vancomycin in Continuous Administration","authors":"M. Hricová, B. Koristkova, Eliška Vavreckova, I. Kacířová, H. Brozmanova, M. Grundmann","doi":"10.36290/far.2022.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36290/far.2022.014","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: For a long time, the MwPharm software suite (MEDIWARE, Prague, Czech Republic/Groningen, Netherlands) has been used for PK/PD modelling in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The aim of this study was to find the best model in the newer Windows version of MwPharm++ 1.3.5.558 (WIN) for continuous administration of vancomycin. Patients: Twenty adult patients with a mean age of 66 ± 12 years, body weight 85 ± 16 kg, and median dose 1,625 g/24 h were repeatedly examined for vancomycin. Methods: Concentrations predicted by “#vancomycin_adult_k_C2”, “#vancomycin_adult_C2”, “vancomycin_adult_C2”, “van-comycin_C1” WIN models and “vancomycin (cont.inf.) %ahz” (DOS1) and “vancomycin adult” DOS models were compared with the measured values and with the DOS1 model. Statistics: Percentage prediction error (%PE) calculated as (predicted-measured)/measured or (predicted-DOS1)/DOS1, RMSE, Bland-Altman bias, Pearson’s coefficient of rank correlation (R), Student’s t-test. Statistical analysis was performed using the GraphPad Prism version 5.00 for Windows. Results: %PE values varied between −3.2 ± 33.0% and −7.4 ± 36.7%, with the exception of “vancomycin_C1” , the only one--compartment model, where it was −20.8 ± 39.4%. The best outcomes were achieved with “vancomycin adult” . The “#vancomy-cin_adult_k_C2” model produced the lowest %PE, RMSE, and Bland-Altman bias among the WIN models, but its correlation (Pearson’s R) was less tight. RMSE was the same in “vancomycin_adult_C2” while %PE and Bland-Altman bias were similar, with slightly better correlation when compared to “#vancomycin_adult_k_C2” . The %PE value between the two DOS models was 4.1 ± 13.9% (NS); “vancomycin adult” produced slightly better outcomes than DOS1. Conclusion: “vancomycin_adult_C2” and “#vancomycin_adult_k_C2” produced the best outcomes between WIN models. Both DOS models produced lower bias and their prediction was comparable.","PeriodicalId":39116,"journal":{"name":"Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47263997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Use of taurolidine in the prevention and treatment of catheter infections 牛磺酸在导管感染预防和治疗中的应用

Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.017

J. Visek, L. Ryskova, A. Machačová, M. Maříková, V. Bláha

引用次数: 0

Is pharmacological eradication of HIV possible? 药物根除艾滋病毒可能吗？

Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.015

S. Snopková, P. Husa, S. Kozáková

{"title":"Is pharmacological eradication of HIV possible?","authors":"S. Snopková, P. Husa, S. Kozáková","doi":"10.36290/far.2022.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36290/far.2022.015","url":null,"abstract":"Rychlý nástup celosvětové pandemie infekce HIV na přelomu 80. a 90. let minulého století způsobil, že se toto onemocnění stalo jednou z nejstudovanějších infekčních nemocí v historii medicíny. Tomu odpovídal také rychlý vývoj účinných antiretrovirotik. Antiretrovirová léčba je v klinické praxi od roku 1996. Léčba významně prodloužila a zkvalitnila život lidí žijících s HIV, zachránila a stále zachraňuje miliony infikovaných na celém světě. Po více než dvaceti letech je však evidentní, že léčba vedená v intencích současné farmakoterapie není zcela optimální a má své limity. Její potenciál je pouze supresivní, nikoli eradikační. Určitým specifickým rysem HIV je jeho schopnost integrovat svůj genom ve formě provirové DNA do genomu hostitelské buňky. Tyto buňky neindukují na svém povrchu expresi virových antigenů, imunitním systémem není virové agens rozpoznáno a antiretrovirotiky je zcela nedoknutelné. Rezervoár latentně infikovaných buněk tvoří mnohočetné buněčné typy a tkáňové kompartmenty, které se stávají bariérou efektivní léčby a možné eradikace HIV. Byly vymezeny dva základní směry vývoje terapeutické intervence – sterilizační a funkční. Ideálním cílem sterilizační léčby je dosažení eliminace aktivních i latentních virových agens z lidského organismu. Cílem funkční léčby je navození dlouhodobé remise jako důsledku silné hostitelovy obranné reakce, zprostředkované imunitními mechanismy, i když kompetentní virové agens nadále zůstává v organismu. V uvedeném textu jsou zmiňovány hlavní oblasti současného výzkumu nových léčiv a nové principy léčby: dlouhodobě působící pomalu uvolňovaná antiretrovirotika, imunoterapie, buněčná a genová terapie, strategie šokovat a zabít a strategie zablokovat a zamknout. Klíčová slova: HIV, antiretrovirová léčba, eradikace HIV, imunoterapie, neutralizační protilátky.","PeriodicalId":39116,"journal":{"name":"Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46594599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is it possible to influence the onset and course of COVID-19 infection? (Results of a study by nurses at the University Hospital Ostrava) 是否有可能影响COVID-19感染的发病和病程?(俄斯特拉发大学医院护士的一项研究结果)

Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.009

J. Bystroň, Tomáš Balner, Jana Kačorová

{"title":"Is it possible to influence the onset and course of COVID-19 infection? (Results of a study by nurses at the University Hospital Ostrava)","authors":"J. Bystroň, Tomáš Balner, Jana Kačorová","doi":"10.36290/far.2022.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36290/far.2022.009","url":null,"abstract":"A pilot monocentric study evaluated the effect of Imunor on the prevention of COVID-19 in 51 nurses at the University Hospital Ostrava during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (delta variant) in the Czech Republic. The primary objective of the study was to determine whether regular administration of Imunor for 1 month, 2 months, and 1 month after discontinuation prevented SARS-CoV2 infection in nurses working in outpatient and inpatient settings in high-risk environments. with patients with COVID-19. The secondary objective of the study was to evaluate whether the course of the disease would be milder in COVID-19. The need for hospitalization of study subjects for COVID-19 and the overall tolerability of the study preparation were also monitored. A set of other nurses working at the same hospital who were vaccinated against SARS-Cov2 during the study was used as a control. Throughout the study period (during treatment and 1 month after treatment), only 2 nurses experienced a mild course of COVID-19 disease that did not require hospitalization, patients were only isolated for 2 weeks at home with only symptomatic treatment. and after 2 weeks they returned to full workload. Statistical analysis confirmed a statistically highly significant preventive effect (p ≤ 0.00001) for 70% of the study days. In the remaining 30% of days (when there was always only 1 nurse on incapacity for work), it was not possible to express statistical significance for a small number of study subjects.","PeriodicalId":39116,"journal":{"name":"Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47518940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical experience with facilitated subcutaneous immunoglobulin treatment 促进皮下免疫球蛋白治疗的临床经验

Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.007

Z. Chovancova

{"title":"Clinical experience with facilitated subcutaneous immunoglobulin treatment","authors":"Z. Chovancova","doi":"10.36290/far.2022.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36290/far.2022.007","url":null,"abstract":"Preparáty pro imunoglobulinovou substituční léčbu slouží k náhradě nedostatečné tvorby opsonizačních a neutralizačních protilátek proti široké škále patogenů u pacientů s vrozenými nebo získanými poruchami tvorby protilátek. Mezi základní způ soby aplikace patří intravenózní, konvenční subkutánní a nejnověji také subkutánní podání facilitované hyaluronidázou (fSCIG). Podkožní aplikace tohoto enzymu v úvodu léčby umožní dočasně rozmělnit extracelulární matrix, a tím pádem aplikovat objem normálního lidského imunoglobulinu v dávce a intervalu podání jako při intravenózní aplikaci (0,4–0,8 g/kg/měsíc jednou za 2–4 týdny). Biologická dostupnost fSCIG léčby se pohybuje kolem 93 % a je vyšší než při konvenčním subkutánním podávání. Většinou dochází k aplikaci do 1–2 míst. Maximální doporučená rychlost podávání je 300 ml/h. Mezi nejčastější nežádoucí účinky léčby patří lokální reakce charakteru bolesti či dyskomfortu v místě vpichu, svědění, zarudnutí nebo otok. Specifickým problémem fSCIG léčby je možná tvorba protilátek proti hyaluronidáze, které však nejsou neutralizační a jejich přítomnost nekoreluje s výskytem nežádoucích reakcí. Základní výhodou fSCIG léčby je subkutánní podávání v delším časovém intervalu v domácím prostředí. Klíčová slova: imunoglobulinová substituční léčba, rekombinantní lidská hyaluronidáza, facilitované subkutánní podávání, poruchy tvorby protilátek.","PeriodicalId":39116,"journal":{"name":"Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42063482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vericiguat: pharmacological profile Vericiguat:药理学概况

Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.013

K. Urbánek

引用次数: 0

Melatonin in the management of sleep disorders associated with atopic dermatitis - from theory to practice 褪黑素在治疗特应性皮炎相关睡眠障碍中的作用——从理论到实践

Klinicka Farmakologie a Farmacie Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.011

Paula Ďuríková

引用次数: 0