Journal of Chiropractic Humanities最新文献

{"title":"The Swiss Master in Chiropractic Medicine Curriculum: Preparing Graduates to Work Together With Medicine to Improve Patient Care","authors":"B. Kim Humphreys DC, PhD,&nbsp;Cynthia K. Peterson DC, MMedEd","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2016.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2016.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>In 2007, chiropractic<span> became 1 of the 5 medical professions in Switzerland. This required a new chiropractic program that was fully integrated within a Swiss medical school. The purpose of this article was to discuss the Master in Chiropractic Medicine (MChiroMed) program at the University of Zürich, including advantages, opportunities, and challenges.</span></p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>In 2008, the MChiroMed program began with its first student cohort. The MChiroMed program is a 6-year Bologna model 2-cycle (bachelor and master) “spiral curriculum,” with the first 4 years being fully integrated within the medical curriculum. A review of the main features of the curriculum revealed the advantages, opportunities, and challenges of this program in comparison with other contemporary chiropractic educational programs. Advantages and opportunities include an integrated curriculum within a university, medical school, and musculoskeletal hospital, with their associated human and physical resources. Many opportunities exist for high-level research collaborations. The rigorous entrance qualifications and small student cohorts result in bright, motivated, and enthusiastic students; appropriate assessments; and timely feedback on academic and clinical subjects. Early patient contact in hospitals and clinical facilities encourages the integration of academic theory and clinical practice. The main challenges faced by this program include difficulty recruiting a sufficient number of students because of the rigorous entrance requirements and curriculum overload resulting from undertaking a full medical curriculum and chiropractic modules.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The MChiroMed program is a unique chiropractic curriculum that integrates medical and chiropractic education within a spiral curriculum at a world-class Swiss university medical school. The expectation is that graduates, with their expanded diagnostic and therapeutic knowledge, skills, and experience, will become future experts in primary spine care in Switzerland. It is hoped that this curriculum model will be adopted by other countries and jurisdictions seeking to enhance the role of chiropractic in health care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 53-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2016.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54127357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chiropractic Identity: A Neurological, Professional, and Political Assessment","authors":"Anthony L. Rosner PhD, LLD (Hon)","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2016.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2016.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p><span>The purpose of this article is to propose a focused assessment of the identity of chiropractic<span> and its profession, triangulating multiple viewpoints converging upon various aspects and definitions of </span></span>neurology<span>, manual medicine, and alternative or mainstream medicine.</span></p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p><span>Over 120 years since its inception, chiropractic has struggled to achieve an identity for which its foundations could provide optimal health care. Despite recognition of the benefits of </span>spinal manipulation<span><span> in various government guidelines, advances in US military and Veterans Administration, and persistently high levels of patient satisfaction, the chiropractic profession remains underrepresented in most discussions of health care delivery. Distinguishing characteristics of doctors of chiropractic include the following: (1) they embrace a model of holistic, </span>preventive medicine<span> (wellness); (2) they embrace a concept of neurological imbalance in which form follows function, disease follows disturbed biochemistry, and phenomenology<span> follows physiology; (3) they diagnose, and their institutions of training are accredited by a body recognized by the US Department of Education; (4) they manage patients on a first-contact basis, often as primary care providers in geographical areas that are underserved; (5) the spine is their primary—but not exclusive—area of interaction; (6) they deliver high-velocity, low-amplitude adjustments with a superior safety record compared with other professions; and (7) they use a network of institutions worldwide that have shown increasing commitments to research.</span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This article provides an overview of chiropractic identity from 6 points of view: (1) concepts of manual medicine; (2) areas of interest beyond the spine; (3) concepts of the chiropractic subluxation; (4) concepts of neurology; (5) concepts of mainstream or alternative health care; and (6) concepts of primary care, first-contact provider, or specialist.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 35-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2016.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54127322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Core and Complementary Chiropractic: Lowering Barriers to Patient Utilization of Services","authors":"John J. Triano DC, PhD,&nbsp;Marion McGregor DC, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2016.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2016.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The use of chiropractic services has stalled while interest in accessing manipulation services is rising. The purpose of this paper is to consider this dilemma in the context of the dynamics of professional socialization, surveys of public attitudes, and a potential strategic action.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p><span>This is a reflection work grounded in the literature on professional socialization and the attitudes held regarding chiropractic in modern society, to include its members, and in original data on training programs. Data were interpreted on the background of the authors’ cross-cultural experiences spanning patient care, research, education, and interprofessional collaboration. Recommendation on a strategic action to counter barriers in patient<span> referrals was synthesized. Professional socialization is the process by which society enables professional privilege. Illustration of typical and divergent professional socialization models emerged that explain cognitive dissonance toward the profession. Questions of trust are commensurate with the experiences during patient encounters rather than with a common identity for the profession. Diversity among encounters perpetuates the uncertainty that affects referral sources. Commonality as an anchor for consistent professional identity and socialization through the content of core chiropractic, defined by training and practice, offers a means to offset uncertainty. Complementary chiropractic, analogous to </span></span>complementary medicine, provides an outlet under professional socialization for the interests to explore additional methods of care.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The practice workplace is an effective lever for altering barriers to the use of services. Clarifying rhetoric through conceptualization of core and complementary practices simplifies the socialization dynamic. Further, it takes advantage of accepted cultural semantics in meaningful analogy while continuing to empower practical diversity in care delivery in response to evolving scientific evidence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2016.07.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54127327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professional Identity at Los Angeles College of Chiropractic","authors":"Melissa Nagare Kimura DC, LAc ,&nbsp;Robb Russell DC ,&nbsp;John Scaringe DC, EDD","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2016.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2016.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The objective of this article is to describe chiropractic professional identity as espoused by the Los Angeles College of Chiropractic.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Professional identity is a construct that begins formation prior to career selection, can be considered the backbone<span> of health care<span> education, and has been linked to career success. Los Angeles College of Chiropractic’s professional identity is shaped by a philosophy of health care that is focused on vitalism, holism, naturalism, therapeutic conservatism, critical rationalism, phenomenology<span>, humanism, and interprofessionalism. Other distinguishing aspects include portal-of-entry professionals with broad diagnostic skills; a focus on spine care; promotion of public-health; and delivery of manual treatments.</span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The chiropractic professional identity at the Los Angeles College of Chiropractic focuses on serving the needs of the people who entrust their health to its graduates and will continue to evolve on the basis of many factors, such as politics, social perceptions, and economic conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 61-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2016.09.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54127384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis and Adjustment of Vertebral Subluxation as a Separate and Distinct Identity for the Chiropractic Profession: A Commentary","authors":"John Hart DC, MHSc","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2016.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2016.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p><span>The purpose of this paper is to discuss various statements related to chiropractic identity from</span>¹ D. D. Palmer²; selected chiropractic organizations, associations, and colleges; and³ attitudes and perceptions of chiropractic from chiropractic students, practitioners, and patients.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p><span>For comparison purposes, identity statements and perceptions from the various chiropractic associations and colleges, as well as from students and patients, were explored. Identity statements for chiropractic were searched in various sources such as Palmer’s 1910 textbook, recent literature on viewpoints from chiropractic students and practitioners, and websites for chiropractic colleges and organizations. Palmer taught that the chiropractor’s focus was on vertebral subluxation<span>. Today, a number of chiropractic colleges and organizations continue to include the vertebral subluxation model in their instruction, with a majority of students and practitioners subscribing to the model. Conversely, a number of other colleges and organizations portray chiropractic as being essentially about the treatment<span> of back and neck pain, which is what patients associate with chiropractic. However, settling on any particular identity for the chiropractic profession will likely be met with resistance by some, given the plethora of opinions among chiropractic professionals as to what the identity of the chiropractic profession should be. Common ground between the different factions within the chiropractic profession might be found in a unifying expression such as “functional </span></span></span>neurology.”</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>When a profession’s identity is not clear with respect to its area of interest and mission, then the public may be less inclined to seek its services. Identifying the chiropractic profession with a focus on vertebral subluxation would give the profession uniqueness not duplicated by other health care professions and, therefore, might legitimatize the existence of chiropractic as a health care profession. An identity having a focus on vertebral subluxation would also be consistent with the original intent of the founding of the chiropractic profession.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 46-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2016.09.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54127366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spinal Health: The Backbone of Chiropractic’s Identity","authors":"Richard A. Brown DC, LLM, FRCC","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2016.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2016.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The purpose of this commentary is to explore the concepts underpinning professional identity, assess their relevance to chiropractic<span>, and propose a model by which a strong identity for the chiropractic profession may be achieved.</span></p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p><span>The professional identity of chiropractic has been a constant source of controversy throughout its history. Attempts to establish a professional identity have been met with resistance from internal factions divided over linguistics, philosophy, technique, and chiropractic’s place in the health care framework. Consequently, the establishment of a clear identity has been challenging, and the chiropractic profession has failed to capitalize on its potential as the profession of spine care experts. Recent identity consultations have produced similar statements that position </span>chiropractors as spinal health and well-being experts. Adoption of this identity, however, has not been universal, perpetuating the uncertainty with which the public regards the chiropractic profession.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>To gain public and professional acceptance, chiropractic must be unequivocal in declaring its scope, expertise, and intent. Failure to do so will lead to obscurity as other professions acquire necessary skills and position themselves as the custodians of spine care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 22-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2016.07.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54127335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The John A. Sweaney Lecture: Athens, Greece, May 2015, Given by Dr Vivian H.E. Kil. To Inspire the Chiropractic Profession to Dream More, Learn More, Do More, and Become More","authors":"Vivian H.E. Kil MChiro","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2015.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2015.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The following is The John A. Sweaney Lecture delivered by Dr Vivian H.E. Kil at the Biannual Meeting of the World Federation of Chiropractic in Athens, Greece, on May 12, 2015.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"22 1","pages":"Pages 47-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2015.06.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54127783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The McAndrews Leadership Lecture: February 2015, by Dr Scott Haldeman. Challenges of the Past, Challenges of the Present","authors":"Scott Haldeman DC, MD, PhD ,&nbsp;George P. McAndrews JD ,&nbsp;Christine Goertz DC, PhD ,&nbsp;Louis Sportelli DC ,&nbsp;Anthony W. Hamm DC ,&nbsp;Claire Johnson DC, MSEd","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2015.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2015.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The McAndrews Leadership Lecture was developed by the American Chiropractic<span> Association to honor the legacy of Jerome F. McAndrews, DC, and George P. McAndrews, JD, and their contributions to the chiropractic profession. This article is a transcription of the presentation made by Dr Scott Haldeman on February 28, 2015, in Washington, DC, at the National Chiropractic Leadership Conference.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"22 1","pages":"Pages 30-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2015.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54127786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"Glenda C. Wiese PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2015.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2015.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"22 1","pages":"Pages 53-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2015.09.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54127803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiology Undergraduate and Resident Curricula: A Narrative Review of the Literature","authors":"Kathleen L. Linaker DC, DACBR, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.echu.2015.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.echu.2015.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to examine the literature regarding radiology curricula for both undergraduates and residents.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A review of the literature was performed using relevant key words. Articles were retrieved through December 2012 using PubMed, ScienceDirect, ERIC, Proquest, and ICL databases along with a manual review of references.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 4716 unique abstracts reviewed by the author, 142 were found to be relevant to the purpose of this study. Undergraduate radiology education, radiology curriculum, and radiology pedagogy vary widely between disciplines and between colleges within disciplines. Formal radiology education is not taught at all medical programs and little radiology training is incorporated into non-radiology residencies. This results in some medical graduates not being taught how to interpret basic radiology images and not learning contraindications and indications for ordering diagnostic imaging tests. There are no definitive studies examining how to incorporate radiology into the curriculum, how to teach radiology to either undergraduates or residents, or how to assess this clinical competency.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This review shows that radiology education is perceived to be important in undergraduate and residency programs. However, some programs do not include radiology training, thus graduates from those programs do not learn radiology essentials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":39103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chiropractic Humanities","volume":"22 1","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.echu.2015.09.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54127796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}