Constructivist Foundations最新文献

{"title":"Cybernetic Foundations for Psychology","authors":"B. Scott","doi":"10.1142/9789813226265_0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9789813226265_0017","url":null,"abstract":"> Context • The field of psychology consists of many specialist domains of activity, which lack shared foundations. This means that the field as a whole lacks conceptual coherence. > Problem • The aim of the article is to show how secondorder cybernetics can provide both foundations and a unifying conceptual framework for psychology. > Method • The field of psychology is overviewed. There is then a demonstration of how cybernetics can provide both foundations and a unifying conceptual framework. This entails defining some key cybernetics concepts and showing how they have already permeated the field, largely implicitly, and showing how, when made explicit, they can unify the field. > Results • I show how concepts from second-order cybernetics can unify “process” and “person” approaches within psychology and can also unify individual psychology and social psychology, a unification that also builds conceptual bridges with sociology. > Implications • The results are of value for bringing order to an otherwise inchoate field. They afford better communication between those working in the field, which is likely to give rise to new research questions and more effective ways of tackling them. > Constructivist content • Central to the article is a reliance on concepts taken from the constructivist perspective of second-order cybernetics. >","PeriodicalId":39075,"journal":{"name":"Constructivist Foundations","volume":"11 1","pages":"509-517"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/9789813226265_0017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64056647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Black Box” Theatre: Second-Order Cybernetics and Naturalism in Rehearsal and Performance","authors":"T. Scholte","doi":"10.1142/9789813226265_0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9789813226265_0044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39075,"journal":{"name":"Constructivist Foundations","volume":"11 1","pages":"598-610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1142/9789813226265_0044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64057346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Course of Action","authors":"K. Müller, A. Riegler","doi":"10.1057/9781137362216.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137362216.0013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39075,"journal":{"name":"Constructivist Foundations","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58220390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radical Constructivism and Radical Constructedness: Luhmann’s Sociology of Semantics, Organizations, and Self-Organization","authors":"L. Leydesdorff","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2005328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2005328","url":null,"abstract":"Context • Using radical constructivism, society can be considered from the perspective of asking the question of “who conceives of society?” In Luhmann’s social systems theory, this question itself is considered as a construct of the communication among reflexive agents. Problem • Structuration of expectations by codes in the communication positions both communicators and communications in a multi-dimensional space in which their relations can be provided with meaning at the supra-individual level. The codes can be functionally different and symbolically generalized. Method • More than Luhmann, I focus on the hypothetical status of the communication of meaning and the uncertainty involved. Meaning can be communicated because of reflexivity in the communication; meaning cannot be observed. Results • The communication (and reflexive translation) of denotations between semantic domains can generate “horizons of meaning” as reflexive orders that remain structurally coupled to individual minds. This elusive order contains a trade-off between “organization” at interfaces integrating (differently coded) expectations at each moment of time, and the potential of further differentiation among symbolically generalized codes of communication in a “self-organization” over time. Implications • One can model the coding in the communication of meaning as latent variables (eigenvectors) which evolve as an implication of the interacting intentions and expectations. The structure of expectations can be visualized (at each moment) and animated (over time) using semantic maps. The self-organizing horizons of meaning, however, operate in a multidimensional space different from the network topology, and with another pace, since meaning is provided to events from the perspective of hindsight. Constructivist content • This perspective of the radical constructedness of social reality transforms the status of agency and organization in sociological theorizing from a source of change to a resource of communicative competencies and reflexive performativity.","PeriodicalId":39075,"journal":{"name":"Constructivist Foundations","volume":"8 1","pages":"85-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2012-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2139/SSRN.2005328","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67845177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A constructivist approach to experiential foundations of mathematical concepts","authors":"M. Larochelle, E. Ackermann, G. Fourez, J. Désautels, L. Steffe, Kenneth Tobin","doi":"10.1163/9789087903480_020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789087903480_020","url":null,"abstract":"During the last decade, radical constructivism has gained a certain currency in the fields of science and mathematics education. Although cognitive constructivists have occasionally referred to the intuitionist approach to the foundational problems in mathematics, no effort has so far been made to outline what a constructivist’s own approach might be. This paper attempts a start in that direction. Whitehead’s description of three processes involved in criticising mathematical thinking (1925) is used to show discrepancies between a traditional epistemological stance and the constructivist approach to knowing and communication. The bulk of the paper then suggests tentative itineraries for the progression from elementary experiential situations to the abstraction of the concepts of unit, plurality, number, point, line, and plane, whose relation to sensory– motor experience is usually ignored or distorted in mathematics instruction. There follows a discussion of the question of certainty in logical deduction and arithmetic. Mathematics is the science of acts without things—and through this, of things one can define by acts.—Paul Valéry (1935, p.811)","PeriodicalId":39075,"journal":{"name":"Constructivist Foundations","volume":"1 1","pages":"205-224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64568285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and Design","authors":"R. Glanville","doi":"10.4324/9780203427040-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203427040-20","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of the author in writing this paper is to establish the connection between design and constructivism. To that end, it is argued that design is a necessarily constructivist …","PeriodicalId":39075,"journal":{"name":"Constructivist Foundations","volume":"1 1","pages":"103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70585751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}