Neurologia Argentina最新文献

{"title":"Reporte de caso: Mielitis transversa con anticuerpos anti-glicoproteína de la mielina del oligodendrocito en un paciente con debut de síndrome de Sjögren","authors":"María Emilia Sanchez Toledo,&nbsp;Maria Macarena Bermejo,&nbsp;María Emilia Clement,&nbsp;Pablo Ioli,&nbsp;Nicolás Pellice,&nbsp;Lucas Piedrafita,&nbsp;María Florencia Sica","doi":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transverse myelitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the spinal cord. Its etiology is multiple. A case of a 55-year-old patient with no history is shown, who presented paraplegia and acute anesthesia of the lower limbs, associated with urinary retention, with a diagnosis of transverse myelitis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the dorso-lumbar spine was performed, which showed a longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesion from vertebral segment dorsal<!--> <!-->6. Anti-Ro antibodies were present in high titers, salivary gland biopsy confirmed Sjogren's syndrome, and antibodies directed against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (Anti-MOG) were present. Secondary causes were ruled out.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39051,"journal":{"name":"Neurologia Argentina","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 138-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicción de demencia de Alzheimer mediante perceptrón multicapa: diferencias de género en la precisión diagnóstica","authors":"Alberto Guevara Tirado","doi":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Alzheimer's dementia is a major cause of cognitive decline in older adults. Although artificial intelligence-based predictive models have great potential to improve early diagnosis, few consider gender differences in their effectiveness.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze the diagnostic accuracy of the multilayer perceptron in predicting Alzheimer's dementia according to biological sex.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study of a secondary database of 373 participants. Multilayer perceptron-type neural networks were used, the variables were: age, sex, educational level, socioeconomic status, eTIV (total intracranial volume), nWBV (normalized white matter volume) and MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination). Performance was assessed using AUC (Area Under the Curve) and diagnostic accuracy using classification tables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In perceptron training, women presented a lower cross-entropy error (13.074 vs. 20.461) and percentage of incorrect predictions (5% vs. 9%). In testing, they continued with a lower cross-entropy error (7.888 vs. 16.500) and percentage of incorrect predictions (6.80% vs. 20.80%). The AUC reflected an excellent predictive capacity slightly higher in women (0.992 vs. 0.947). Classification rates were also better in women, with an overall accuracy of 95% in training and 93.20% in testing, compared to 91% and 79.20% in men.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Biological sex influences the effectiveness of predictive models for Alzheimer's dementia. The results underline the importance of considering biological and social factors when developing diagnostic tools for Alzheimer's, which can improve the personalization of treatment and prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39051,"journal":{"name":"Neurologia Argentina","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 71-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conviviendo con esclerosis múltiple: relación entre disfunción sexual, calidad de vida y salud mental","authors":"Francisco Peñalver ,&nbsp;Graciana Galiana ,&nbsp;Ana Laura González Bellene ,&nbsp;Berenice Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that primarily affects young individuals and is the leading cause of disability in this group. Sexual dysfunction (SD) in patients with MS is more common than previously recognized. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction, depression, and negative health perception, as well as their relationships with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>We conducted an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study in our MS population. Data were obtained using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-2), Short-form 12 (SF-12), and Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire 19 (MSISQ-19). Parametric and non-parametric data were analyzed using EPI Info 7.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 53 patients were included over a period of 15 months. The median EDSS score was 1.5. Of the patients, 50,9% presented some form of sexual dysfunction, 37,7% had some degree of depression, and 26,4% had a negative self-perception of health. Non-parametric analysis showed that patients with sexual dysfunction had a median EDSS score of 2, while those without dysfunction had a median score of 1.5 (p<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.03). Patients with severe depression had an EDSS score of 3.25, compared to 1.5 for those without depression (p<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.04), and those with a negative perception of health had an EDSS score of 2,75, while those with a positive perception had a score of 1.5 (p<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0003). Parametric evaluation found that patients with EDSS &lt;<!--> <!-->2 had a 34.6% prevalence of sexual dysfunction and a 31.6% prevalence of depression, whereas those with EDSS<!--> <!-->&gt;2 had an 66.7% prevalence of sexual dysfunction (p<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.001) and a 53.3% prevalence of depression (p<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.08). Patients with EDSS &lt;<!--> <!-->4 presented sexual dysfunction in 44.4% and with EDSS<!--> <!-->&gt;4 in 87.5% (p<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.01). Patients with EDSS &lt;<!--> <!-->4 presented depression in 30.4% and patients with EDSS<!--> <!-->&gt;4 85.7% (p<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.004). Patients with EDSS &lt;<!--> <!-->4 were perceived positively by 91.7% and patients with EDSS<!--> <!-->&gt;4 by 85.7% negatively (p<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There is a high prevalence of sexual dysfunction and depression in patients with MS, which correlates with increased disability, even from EDSS values of 2 or higher. This suggests poor quality of life and the need for comprehensive treatment addressing both physical and emotional aspects of MS from the early stages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39051,"journal":{"name":"Neurologia Argentina","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 104-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarcadores sinápticos asociados a GAP-43 según presencia o ausencia de beta amiloide cerebral","authors":"Alberto Guevara Tirado","doi":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) is a crucial biomarker in neuronal development and plasticity. Its expression is closely related to axonal regeneration and synapse formation, making it an important indicator in neuroscience and neurodegenerative disease studies.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the synaptic biomarkers associated with GAP-43 in the presence or absence of beta amyloid protein.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and method</h3><div>Analytical study of a secondary database of 398 patients with and without the presence of beta amyloid protein in cerebrospinal fluid. The variables were growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43), neurogranin, synaptotagmin-1 (SYT-1) and synaptosomal-associated protein-25 (SNAP-25). The multiple linear regression model and scatter plot with coefficient of determination R² were used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the absence of amyloid beta, GAP-43 increased significantly with neurogranin and SYT-1 levels (F<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->597.533) and R² <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.896, explaining 90% of the variability in GAP-43. In the presence of amyloid beta, only neurogranin showed a significant relationship with GAP-43 (F<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->182.337), with R² <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.844, explaining 84% of the variability in GAP-43. In the absence of amyloid beta protein, GAP-43 increased 2,139<!--> <!-->pg/mL for each pg/mL of neurogranin, and increased 32,776<!--> <!-->pg/mL for each pM of SYT-1. In the presence of beta amyloid, GAP-43 increased 2,478<!--> <!-->pg/mL for each pg/mL of neurogranin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The synaptic biomarkers neurogranin and SYT-1 had a significant relationship with GAP-43 in the absence of CSF beta amyloid protein, whereas in the presence of beta amyloid, only neurogranin maintained a significant relationship with GAP-43.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39051,"journal":{"name":"Neurologia Argentina","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 98-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estrategias en el uso de terapias de alta eficacia en esclerosis múltiple: ¿qué cambió en los últimos años?","authors":"Andrés Barboza ,&nbsp;Jorge Correale ,&nbsp;Ricardo Alonso ,&nbsp;Marcos Burgos ,&nbsp;Fernando Cáceres ,&nbsp;Edgar Carnero-Contentti ,&nbsp;Adriana Carrá ,&nbsp;Edgardo Cristiano ,&nbsp;Marcela Fiol ,&nbsp;Orlando Garcea ,&nbsp;Geraldine Luetic ,&nbsp;Liliana Patrucco ,&nbsp;Raúl Piedrabuena ,&nbsp;Juan I. Rojas ,&nbsp;Berenice Silva ,&nbsp;Vladimiro Sinay ,&nbsp;Carlos Vrech ,&nbsp;María Célica Ysrraelit","doi":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The management of multiple sclerosis (MS) has evolved significantly with the availability of high-efficacy therapies (HETs). In 2023, Argentine neurologists evaluated treatment strategies, and given new real-world evidence and healthcare system changes, utilization patterns were reanalyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess changes in HET utilization over two years and provide recommendations for different clinical scenarios (disease activity, progression, and adverse events).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The same 18 specialists from the initial 2023 study were re-surveyed using the original questionnaire. Previous responses were compared, with consensus defined as ≥<!--> <!-->60% agreement. Therapies were evaluated based on efficacy and safety, excluding cost considerations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Unanimous consensus classified alemtuzumab, natalizumab, ocrelizumab, ofatumumab, and cladribine as HETs, while excluding S1P modulators (83%).</div><div>Key findings Increased preference for HETs as first-line treatment, even in patients with favorable prognosis (67% to 23% reduction in low-efficacy therapy use; <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->.05). Dominance of anti-CD20 agents (ocrelizumab/ofatumumab) as preferred options for treatment escalation and cladribine failure. Significant decline in alemtuzumab use following other therapy failures (72% to 44%; <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->.05). No consensus on post-natalizumab strategies, though anti-CD20 was most selected (56%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study demonstrates a paradigm shift toward early HET use in Argentina, driven by clinical evidence and expert experience. Anti-CD20 agents have become the primary strategy, while alemtuzumab's role has diminished. These findings highlight the need for personalized treatment approaches in MS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39051,"journal":{"name":"Neurologia Argentina","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 121-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Programa de Área Neuroprotegida. Un nuevo concepto en optimización de la atención prehospitalaria del accidente cerebrovascular","authors":"Matías Alet ,&nbsp;Gabriel Persi ,&nbsp;María Martha Esnaola ,&nbsp;Alejandra Zárate ,&nbsp;Pablo Dileo ,&nbsp;Joana Rodrigues dos Reis ,&nbsp;Hebe Leone ,&nbsp;Marcelo Halac","doi":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and objectives</h3><div>Vascular disease accounts for 28% of deaths in Argentina, with 17% due to cerebrovascular disease. Stroke is the leading cause of disability in adults, and its treatment is time-dependent. The Medical Directorate of the Honorable Chamber of Deputies of the Nation, in collaboration with the Argentine Neurological Society, has implemented a Neuro-protected Area program to improve stroke response in all its areas.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The program included 5 stages: local analysis, training design, creation of an action algorithm, implementation and monitoring, and evaluation of results. Twenty theoretical and practical training sessions were conducted for 300 agents, with drills to assess the program's effectiveness. Pre- and post-training surveys were also conducted to measure stroke knowledge.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The surveys showed a significant increase in stroke awareness across all evaluated areas. Eighty-eight percent of participants understood what a stroke is, and 94.9% of participants were able to correctly recognize the associated symptoms after the training. There was also a clearer understanding of risk factors. Drills demonstrated an effective response with emergency notification times under 30<!--> <!-->minutes. Before the training, a delay of 140<!--> <!-->minutes was detected in attending to an individual with stroke symptoms, whereas, after the program was implemented, the care protocol was activated in less than 30<!--> <!-->minutes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The neuro-protection program designed by the Medical Directorate of the Honorable Chamber of Deputies of the Nation and the Argentine Neurological Society has proven to be effective, improving knowledge and response capacity to strokes. This model can be replicated in other institutions, optimizing prehospital care and reducing stroke mortality and disability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39051,"journal":{"name":"Neurologia Argentina","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 79-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sesgos en neuroepidemiología: consecuencias y recomendaciones","authors":"Mario O. Melcon ,&nbsp;Matías J. Alet ,&nbsp;Sebastián F. Ameriso","doi":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuroepidemiology is a scientific discipline focused on studying the distribution, frequency, risk factors, and determinants of neurological diseases in human populations. The primary aim of this publication is to emphasize the importance of preventing or minimizing common biases in neuroepidemiology and to propose strategies for enhancing the validity and reliability of studies.</div><div>The most prevalent biases include selection bias, which typically occurs in studies focused on restricted populations; information bias, arising from errors in the measurement and definition of variables; and confounding bias, caused by external variables that distort cause-effect relationships.</div><div>Other notable biases include nonresponse bias, which distorts results when certain groups do not respond to questionnaires or are unavailable; sampling errors, which affect population representativeness; and attrition bias in longitudinal studies, which affects findings by excluding participants with higher severity. In older populations, comorbidities, and cognitive decline complicate diagnoses, leading to biases related to concurrent illnesses and memory disorders.</div><div>Access to reliable data, such as death certificates, faces administrative and technical limitations, influencing the accuracy of mortality information. Conducting pilot studies, designing cultural and linguistically adapted questionnaires, including representative populations, and involving experts in biostatistics are key strategies for minimizing these biases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39051,"journal":{"name":"Neurologia Argentina","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 112-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drones en la distribución de insumos médicos para esclerosis múltiple: desafíos y oportunidades en Colombia","authors":"Sebastián Rodríguez","doi":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Timely access to medications and medical supplies remains a critical challenge for patients with multiple sclerosis in Colombia, particularly in remote and hard-to-reach areas. In this context, unmanned aerial vehicles have shown great potential for optimizing the distribution of medical supplies in various countries. This text examines their feasibility within the Colombian healthcare system, considering opportunities, as well as regulatory and logistical challenges. Integrating this technology could represent a significant step toward healthcare equity by improving treatment adherence and reducing gaps in the management of chronic diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39051,"journal":{"name":"Neurologia Argentina","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 128-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Características sociodemográficas y evolución clínica de los pacientes con enfermedad cerebrovascular atendidos en el Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud en el período 2023","authors":"Jesús Daniel Escobar García,&nbsp;Enmanuel Acevedo Santana,&nbsp;Kerol Manuel Pérez Rosario,&nbsp;Héctor Francisco Isaac Pillot","doi":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading morbidities affecting humans, ranking second in the Americas —and therefore in our country— as a cause of mortality. It is also the main cause of disability worldwide.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the sociodemographic characteristics and clinical progression of patients with CVD treated at the Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud during the year 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection was conducted. Variables such as age, sex, type of disease, clinical manifestations, comorbidities, imaging methods, blood glucose levels, hospital stay, and clinical outcomes were evaluated. The sample consisted of 105 patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The predominant age group for both types of CVD was 65 years or older, accounting for 47% in ischemic stroke cases and 64% in intraparenchymal hemorrhage. In subarachnoid hemorrhage, the predominant age group was 33–40 years, representing 31% of cases. Hospital stay for ischemic stroke was less than 7 days in 81% of cases. In contrast, subarachnoid hemorrhage and intraparenchymal hemorrhage had hospital stays greater than or equal to 7 days in 58 and 73% of cases, respectively. The percentage of patients discharged alive was highest in ischemic stroke at 96%, compared to 58% in subarachnoid hemorrhage and 73% in intraparenchymal hemorrhage.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>According to the study results, the progression and hospital stay of patients with hemorrhagic CVD were more severe compared to those found in reviewed studies. As a recommendation, health authorities are urged to create specialized care units for CVD, equipped with medical teams to optimize patient diagnosis and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39051,"journal":{"name":"Neurologia Argentina","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 89-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No se diagnostica aquello que no se piensa. ¿Cuándo pensar encefalitis por Mycoplasma?","authors":"Noelia Acosta Pedemonte ,&nbsp;Cristian Espona ,&nbsp;Catalino Reinoso ,&nbsp;Cintia Rodríguez ,&nbsp;María Laura Menichini ,&nbsp;Juan Jairala","doi":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuarg.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Encephalitis is defined as inflammation of the brain parenchyma. It can have multiple infectious and non-infectious etiologies. <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> is a prevalent respiratory pathogen that can manifest with central nervous system (CNS) involvement.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To present a series of adult patients with encephalitis whose etiological studies suggest <em>M. pneumoniae</em> as a potential causal agent.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A review of medical records from 2013 to 2023 was conducted, focusing on patients with clear cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) meningoencephalitis. After ruling out other etiologies, <em>M. pneumoniae</em> infection was identified as a possible explanation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between 2013 and 2023, 11 adult patients were identified, 6 of whom were male and 5 female, with a mean age of 30.72 years (SD<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->17). Three patients presented with symptoms consistent with rhombencephalitis, while eight manifested as meningoencephalitis. Seventy-three percent of the patients reported preceding respiratory symptoms. Thirty percent showed leptomeningeal enhancement, and another 30% displayed T2 hyperintensities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The most frequent profile in our population consisted of patients with clinical features consistent with encephalitis or rhombencephalitis, pleocytosis, and hyperproteinorrhachia below 1<!--> <!-->g/l, with leptomeningeal enhancement on MRI and a history of respiratory tract infection within the previous 20 days.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39051,"journal":{"name":"Neurologia Argentina","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}