Biomarcadores sinápticos asociados a GAP-43 según presencia o ausencia de beta amiloide cerebral

Abstract

Introduction

Growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) is a crucial biomarker in neuronal development and plasticity. Its expression is closely related to axonal regeneration and synapse formation, making it an important indicator in neuroscience and neurodegenerative disease studies.

Objective

To determine the synaptic biomarkers associated with GAP-43 in the presence or absence of beta amyloid protein.

Materials and method

Analytical study of a secondary database of 398 patients with and without the presence of beta amyloid protein in cerebrospinal fluid. The variables were growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43), neurogranin, synaptotagmin-1 (SYT-1) and synaptosomal-associated protein-25 (SNAP-25). The multiple linear regression model and scatter plot with coefficient of determination R² were used.

Results

In the absence of amyloid beta, GAP-43 increased significantly with neurogranin and SYT-1 levels (F = 597.533) and R² = 0.896, explaining 90% of the variability in GAP-43. In the presence of amyloid beta, only neurogranin showed a significant relationship with GAP-43 (F = 182.337), with R² = 0.844, explaining 84% of the variability in GAP-43. In the absence of amyloid beta protein, GAP-43 increased 2,139 pg/mL for each pg/mL of neurogranin, and increased 32,776 pg/mL for each pM of SYT-1. In the presence of beta amyloid, GAP-43 increased 2,478 pg/mL for each pg/mL of neurogranin.

Conclusions

The synaptic biomarkers neurogranin and SYT-1 had a significant relationship with GAP-43 in the absence of CSF beta amyloid protein, whereas in the presence of beta amyloid, only neurogranin maintained a significant relationship with GAP-43.