Journal of Physical Education and Sport最新文献

{"title":"Effects of 10 weeks of imagery and concentration training on visual focus and free-throw performance in basketball players.","authors":"Saadet Sevil Uludağ Uyanıker, Ferudun Dorak, Nilgün Vurgun, Yasin Yüzbasioglu, Ercan Ateş","doi":"10.7752/jpes.2021.04223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2021.04223","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42592272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Well-being levels among students during the covid-19 pandemic","authors":"M. Grajek, K. Sobczyk","doi":"10.7752/jpes.2021.04213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2021.04213","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Over the past few months, the lives of people around the world have changed dramatically. Within a few days, they have been forced to adapt their daily behavior and habits to new conditions. The cause of this phenomenon is a state of the pandemic, introduced by the WHO in connection with the spread of the new pathogen causing COVID-19. The group particularly affected by the restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic are the people involved in remote working, including students who, since the beginning of the pandemic, have been carrying out the entire educational process or using the support of distance learning methods and techniques. Objective. the study aims to assess the level of well-being and emotions accompanying the COVID-19 pandemic among students of three large Polish public universities. Material and methods. The survey was attended by 1054 students from three Polish public universities. The study was conducted using a questionnaire including mental health interview;WHO-5 scale-Good Feeling Index developed by the Psychiatric Research Unit of WHO;Beck's scale of depression;author's multiple-choice questions about the impact of the epidemic situation on the current life of the studied population. Statistical significance was determined using the chi-quadrat, U Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis test. Statistical significance level p=0.05 was assumed for each test. Results. The mild form of depression was distinguished: 17% of respondents in March, 28% in June/July, and October. A moderate form of depression was found: in 4% of respondents in March, 6% in June/July, and 8% in October. The risk of developing depressive symptoms is higher with each successive stage of the study, this phenomenon is particularly visible in the group of women in whom depressive symptoms are more frequent (p<0.05). Conclusion. The study group is characterized by a high risk of depression. One-third of the respondents were found to have a mild to moderate stage of the disease. It is worth noting that in the studied group no symptoms indicating a deep form of depression were observed. © JPES.","PeriodicalId":38917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46354686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paradoxical increase in frequency of physical activity behavior during SARS-CoV-2 restriction measures in a greek university community","authors":"E. Sfyri, N. Tertipi, V. Kefala, F. Biskanaki, E. Andreou, E. Rallis","doi":"10.7752/jpes.2021.04229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2021.04229","url":null,"abstract":"Problem statement The COVID-19 pandemic has affected physical activity (PA) all over the world. In Greece, all sports activities were closed, and restrictions in public places could lead to a decrease in PA. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate how these restriction measures affected the frequency of physical activity, related to gender, age, body weight, and physical condition, in members of a Greek university. Results An online survey, which concerned sports activity prior the onset of SARS-CoV-2 virus and during the restriction measures, was conducted during the 2nd lockdown in Greece (November – December 2020). A questionnaire was sent to members of a Greek university. Data analysis was performed using SPSS, version 26. Frequencies, descriptive analysis, and chi square were calculated. The difference between, before, and during the period were accessed by the Wilcoxon signed rank test. There was an increase of frequency in PA behavior during confinements compared with before the restrictions (p<0.001). Females were more likely to participate in individual PA and in online exercise programs (n=316). Most of the responders chose to be involved in more than one form of PA during the confinements. The younger age group (18–25 years old) and older age group (55 +) exercised on a daily basis. In total, 41.9% of participants mentioned they intend to integrate exercise into their daily life when the restrictions eliminate. Conclusions The results are encouraging for participation in different types of PA, including online fitness programs. Supporting measures to participate in PA, as a way of dealing with the negative effects of the pandemic, are valuable. © 2021, Editura Universitatii din Pitesti. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":38917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46888750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electromyographical responses of the lumbar, dorsal and shoulder musculature during the bent-over row exercise: a comparison between standing and bench postures (a preliminary study)","authors":"Miguel García-Jaén, Gema Sanchis Soler, Aitor Carrión-Adán, J. Cortell-Tormo","doi":"10.7752/JPES.2021.04236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7752/JPES.2021.04236","url":null,"abstract":"This research was funded by Conselleria de Educacion, Investigacion, Cultura y Deporte de la Generalitat Valenciana, and European Social Fund (European Union), grant project number ACIF/2016/048.","PeriodicalId":38917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47448677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on personality determinants of athletes’ mental exhaustion during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"I. S. Popovych, I. Halian, O. Halian, P. Nosov, S. Zinchenko, V. Panok","doi":"10.7752/jpes.2021.04224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2021.04224","url":null,"abstract":"The research presents theoretical substantiation and correlation analysis of the factors causing emotional indifference in athletes with different levels of mastership, participating in individual and team sports (n = 180). The purpose is to carry out empirical research on athletes’ personality traits helping overcome mental exhaustion and prevent form emotional indifference. Research methods: correlation analysis, valid and reliable psycho-diagnostic instruments. The research was conducted during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and made it possible to find out a number of regularities. Results. The development of mental exhaustion in athletes is determined by a different level of manifestation of personality traits and their correlation in the structure of personality: anxiety, self-esteem, the level of aspirations, locus of control and motivation for achieving success and avoiding failures. The study shows that significant differences between the level of aspirations and self-esteem in the men (r = .38**), high anxiety in the men and women correlating with the integral index of mental exhaustion (r = .28**;r = 36**) mostly contribute to mental strain in many athletes. It finds out that the events of their personal lives become a factor of mental exhaustion provided that external locus of control prevails. This trait is pronounced in the athletes – Masters of team sports (r = .34**). The research determines that a low level of mental exhaustion in the athletes engaged in team sports is a consequence of the significance of social support (r =-.38**). High requirements for demonstrating success cause mental strain for the male athletes that increases probability of their mental exhaustion. Conclusions. The obtained results operationalize the process of solving the problems of professional training for athletes. Understanding the essence of mental exhaustion allows solving the problem of emotional indifference in athletes. Research on the role of emotional intelligence in the structure of athletes’ mental exhaustion is considereds to be very promising. © 2021, Editura Universitatii din Pitesti. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":38917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43063644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of online teaching in physical education during covid-19 school closures: A survey study of frontline physical education teachers in Hong Kong","authors":"W. Chan, K. Leung, C. Học, W. Wuc, K. Lam, N. L. Wong, C. G. Chan, K. Leung, A. Y. Tse","doi":"10.7752/jpes.2021.04205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2021.04205","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused massive school closures worldwide and many schools were forced to adopt online teaching mode. Purpose: This survey study aims to examine the effectiveness of online teaching in physical education (PE) and support needed from the teachers’ perspective. Methods: Responses from 294 frontline PE teachers were collected via an online survey between 4 and 29 January 2021. Results: Four major findings were highlighted in our study. First, most teachers reported that online PE lessons were not effective to improve motor skill acquisition and physical activity level, the major reasons for which were “lack of practical training”, “students’ lack of learning motivation/interest”, and “limited interpersonal interactions”. Second, most teachers encountered difficulties in online teaching, with major difficulties comprising “limited interpersonal interactions’ and “difficult to retain students’ learning motivation/interest”. Third, most teachers felt that online teaching was stressful due to the increased workload in preparation and safety concerns of the home-exercise programme. Fourth, many teachers suggested that schools or governments should provide online teaching kits, such as suggested online lesson plans or home activity recommendations, for their reference. Conclusions: In summary, the effectiveness of online teaching in PE during COVID-19 school closures was generally perceived to be low and difficult by the frontline PE teachers. Schools and governments should provide sufficient support, such as online teaching kits and concrete teaching guidelines, for PE teachers to develop creative and interactive online lessons, which will in turn benefit students in motor skill acquisition and physical activity level. © JPES.","PeriodicalId":38917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47291607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting sportsmanship awareness: An application of teaching a personal and social responsibility model in middle school physical education","authors":"R. Sanchez, T. Hanrahan, J. Concannon","doi":"10.5897/JPESM2021.0360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JPESM2021.0360","url":null,"abstract":"This research study, aims to examine the influence that an intervention program based on the Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility (TPSR) model and the multidimensional approach to sportsmanship has on middle school students. Researchers focused on the detection and examination of improvements on students’ sportsmanship awareness and contributions to their moral and character development. Participants were 90 middle school students aged between 11 and 13 years old, who received five structured lessons and a review session following the TPSR model. The sample was evenly split by gender (44 males, 44 females, 2 not declared). The Sportsmanship Awareness Questionnaire (SAQ) was administered before and after the intervention. The teacher in charge of implementing the program was purposefully selected and trained. Results showed a statistically significant improvement in the students’ sportsmanship awareness scores for the entire sample and for each grade level. Results also indicate female participants scored notably higher than males on both questionnaires. The approach used for this study provides novel instrumentation to objectively assess sportsmanship constructs with consistent validity and reliability. The findings obtained from this study confirm the efficacy of intervention programs such as TPSR to achieve student moral and character development at the middle school level. The implications of this study and future directions for research in TPSR are discussed. \u0000 \u0000   \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Sportsmanship, physical education, teaching personal and social responsibility model (TPSR), school-based intervention programs.","PeriodicalId":38917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","volume":"12 1","pages":"19-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48575811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the practices and perceptions towards age estimation among the sports fraternity in Uganda","authors":"Annet Nankwanga, Kutesa Annet, Asiimwe Ismail, Nabagala Grace","doi":"10.5897/JPESM2021.0357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JPESM2021.0357","url":null,"abstract":"Local sports administrators are faced with a challenge of upholding fairness and protecting the health of their players due to the difficulties they face to determine the right age categories of athletes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the practices of how age estimation is performed in the sports fraternity in Uganda. The study was qualitative and it involved 19 participants who were purposively selected based on their position in sport administration. Data was collected using key informant interviews and analyzed using thematic content analysis. The findings revealed that age estimation in sports mainly relied on non-forensic methods such as documents, interviews and birth certificates. Forensic age estimation using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was found expensive to be widely used. The challenges associated with wrong age estimation ranged from conflicts, to stifled progression in talent development and potential injuries. The study recommends that a national database that registers people right from birth is put in place and that a standardized national method of age estimation using dental development patterns be relied upon to determine age of athletes especially in sports where age categorization is a requirement. \u0000 \u0000   \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Age estimation, sports, non-forensic, dental development patterns.","PeriodicalId":38917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44080563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operation of gyms and fitness clubs during the covid-19 pandemic – financial, legal, and organisational conditions","authors":"D. Piotrowski, A. Piotrowska","doi":"10.7752/jpes.2021.s2127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2021.s2127","url":null,"abstract":"The restrictions on civil rights and freedom to conduct business introduced by the government in Poland from March 2020 were aimed at halting the development of the pandemic and preventing the collapse of the national health service. Particular restrictions were placed on the functioning of economic entities whose activities involved a high intensity of direct interpersonal contacts. Government financial support programmes addressed to entrepreneurs were supposed to help gyms and fitness clubs survive the months-long ban. The purpose of this paper is to outline the actions taken by gym and fitness club owners in relation to business restrictions imposed by the government during the coronavirus pandemic. The paper uses a critical analysis of the literature on the functioning of gyms and fitness clubs in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the opinion of entrepreneurs managing gyms and fitness clubs, state financial aid was not sufficient for the survival of their businesses, and the regulations and restrictions introduced were unconstitutional and not based on scientific research. Entrepreneurs, in an effort to avoid bankruptcy, have been restarting gyms and fitness clubs by creatively taking advantage of existing regulations. Their determination has been tremendous, as evidenced by the fact that every attempt to seal bans on the fitness industry has been met with an immediate response from businesses.The owners of gyms and fitness clubs saw a possibility to open their businesses based on exceptions formulated in the ordinance referring to physical activity within the framework of sports activities, sports competition (including amateur competition) and sports events (tournaments, matches). Another solution was to register the business under a changed the Polish Classification of Activities code. Instead of the previously used code 93.0 included in the ordinance, entrepreneurs started using code 85.51 which referred to extracurricular forms of sports activities. The examples of actions taken by entrepreneurs operating in the fitness industry as a response to scarce financial aid from the state during the COVID-19 pandemic provided in the paper contribute to its value and originality. © JPES.","PeriodicalId":38917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47162521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-regulated learning strategies during self-controlled practice in physical education","authors":"J. Duivenvoorden, J. Kamp, I. Hilvoorde, G. Savelsbergh","doi":"10.7752/JPES.2021.02111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7752/JPES.2021.02111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","volume":"21 1","pages":"894-903"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46669005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}