Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies最新文献_第8页

Toward a Political Theory of Sectarianism in the Middle East: The Salience of Authoritarianism over Theology 走向中东宗派主义的政治理论:权威主义对神学的突出作用

Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2979/JIMS.1.1.05

N. Hashemi

{"title":"Toward a Political Theory of Sectarianism in the Middle East: The Salience of Authoritarianism over Theology","authors":"N. Hashemi","doi":"10.2979/JIMS.1.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/JIMS.1.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In his critically acclaimed book, The Shi’a Revival: How Conflicts within Islam Will Shape the Future, Vali Nasr has suggested that traditional concepts and categories used to explicate the Middle East, such as modernity, democracy, fundamentalism and nationalism, no longer adequately explain the politics of the region. It “is rather the old feud between Shi’as and Sunnis that forges attitudes, defines prejudices, draws political boundary lines, and even decides whether and to what extent those other trends have relevance.” In keeping with this argument, President Obama has on numerous occasions invoked the phrase “ancient sectarian differences” to explain the turmoil and conflict in the Arab-Islamic world today. This raises the question how old is the feud between Shi’as and Sunnis and how far back in history can we trace the origins of sectarianism that is currently destabilizing the Middle East? Rejecting the paradigm of “ancient sectarian hatreds” this paper locates the roots of sectarian conflict in the late twentieth century and not in the seventh century. More specifically, the political context that illuminates the question of sectarianism is the persistence of authoritarianism – as the dominant feature of the politics of the Middle East – and the crisis of legitimacy facing ruling regimes that has followed as a consequence. The political mobilization and manipulation of sectarian identities, it will be argued, is a key strategy for regime survival and it is within this framework that the question of sectarianism can be better understood. Drawing on the literature of “ethnic political mobilization” and the literature in international relations that explains the regional rivalry between Saudi Arabia and Iran, the question of sectarianism will be analyzed as the function of the “broken politics” of the Middle East and not due to irreconcilable theological differences between Sunnis and Shi’as.","PeriodicalId":388440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121779437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

What Jihad Questions Do Muslims Ask? 穆斯林问什么圣战问题?

Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2979/JIMS.2.1.04

E. Mohamed, Bakinaz Abdalla

引用次数: 0

Annihilation in the Messenger Revisited: Clarifications on a Contemporary Sufi Practice and its Precedents 《信使》中的湮灭:对当代苏菲派实践及其先例的澄清

Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2979/JIMS.1.2.03

Oludamini Ogunnaike

引用次数: 0

Sayyid Quṭb in Iran: Translating the Islamist Ideologue in the Islamic Republic 赛义德Quṭb在伊朗:翻译伊斯兰共和国的伊斯兰理论家

Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2979/JIMS.1.2.04

Y. Ünal

{"title":"Sayyid Quṭb in Iran: Translating the Islamist Ideologue in the Islamic Republic","authors":"Y. Ünal","doi":"10.2979/JIMS.1.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/JIMS.1.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Although many studies have explored the dissemination of Sayyid Quṭb’s thought and the impact of his works on the formation of Islamist ideology in the Sunni world, little attention has been paid to the influence of Quṭb on the Islamic revolution in Iran. This article argues that Sayyid Quṭb was an influential figure among the Iranian revolutionaries and his ideas played an instrumental role in shaping the discourse of Islamism in pre-revolutionary Iran and the Islamic Republic. The article starts by exploring the personal and ideological connections between Sayyid Quṭb and pre-revolutionary Iranian Islamists. Next, it examines how these connections led to an extensive translation movement that popularized Quṭb’s ideas in Iran. With this translation movement, all of Quṭb’s major works were rendered into Persian by prominent Islamists of the time, such as Iran’s future supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. These works are still in print in the Islamic Republic of Iran today. Finally, the article discusses the legacy of Quṭb in contemporary Iran, where his writings are being reinterpreted in the light of contemporary political developments, such as the rise of Salafi jihadism. Toward this end, a conference on Sayyid Quṭb held in Tehran in 2015 attended by many prominent scholars and intellectuals. This conference is not only a good indicator of Quṭb’s continued importance in Iran but it also provides a view of the changes and continuities in the perception of Quṭb in Iranian intellectual circles.","PeriodicalId":388440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129655494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

War and Peace in Islam 伊斯兰教的战争与和平

Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2979/JIMS.1.2.13

Layla Sein

引用次数: 0

Neo-Orientalism and the Study of Islamic Philosophy: An Interview with Professor Mohammed Rustom 新东方主义与伊斯兰哲学研究:穆罕默德·拉斯顿教授访谈

Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2979/JIMS.3.1.11

M. Rustom

引用次数: 1

The Maṣlaḥa of Film Production in Pre-Revolutionary Egypt, 1896–1952: A Sanctioning Apparatus or Covert Censorship? 革命前埃及电影制作的Maṣlaḥa, 1896-1952:一个制裁机构还是隐蔽的审查?

Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2979/JIMS.2.2.01

Heba Arafa Abdelfattah

引用次数: 2

The Transnational Mosque: Architecture and Historical Memory in the Contemporary Middle East by Kishwar Rizvi (review) 跨国清真寺:当代中东地区的建筑与历史记忆/ Kishwar Rizvi(书评)

Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.5860/choice.195904

Mohamed Elshahed

引用次数: 0

Peace in Islam, Islam in Peace 伊斯兰的和平，伊斯兰的和平

Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2979/jims.2.1.10

Juan Cole, Richard P. Mitchell

引用次数: 1

Woolwich Terror, Surveillance, and the (Im)Possibility of Islamic Reform 伍尔维奇恐怖、监视和伊斯兰改革的可能性

Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2979/JIMS.2.1.09

Hasan Azad

引用次数: 2