IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance最新文献

{"title":"A Study on the Performance of Public Distribution System With Reference To Colachel Municipality","authors":"Bhagyasree Pg","doi":"10.9790/5933-0803036168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5933-0803036168","url":null,"abstract":"India has one of the highest levels of malnutrition in the world and there are reports of hunger and starvation deaths from different parts of the country. A staggering five percent of rural and two percent of urban population do not get food throughout the year. In order to meet the food security needs government implemented Public Distribution System but in due course of time several leakages were found in distribution of Public Distribution System. The current study aims to analyze the socio economic background of rural population brought under study area, their perception and utilization level towards PDS commodities.","PeriodicalId":387621,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance","volume":"736 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131620896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Les déterminants de l’adoption de certaines bonnes pratiques culturales avant récolte de la noix de cajou en Côte d’Ivoire","authors":"Ouattara Gniré Mariam","doi":"10.9790/5933-0803010815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5933-0803010815","url":null,"abstract":"Résumé: L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier les déterminants de l’adoption des bonnes pratiques culturales de la noix de cajou. Les résultats de l’estimation du modèle logit multinomial non ordonné montrent que les variables sociales telles que la localisation et le niveau d’éducation (primaire, lycée et autre formation) favorisent l’adoption des bonnes pratiques de la noix de cajou avant la récolte. Par contre, l’adoption de certaines bonnes pratiques culturales au niveau de l’anacarde diminue avec l’âge du chef d’exploitant ainsi que la taille du ménage. À cet effet, les structures d’encadrement doivent cibler des formations complémentaires sur les techniques agricoles dans les régions de production afin d’améliorer les taux d’une adoption des bonnes pratiques culturales au niveau de la noix de cajou. Ce qui va induire une dynamique durable de croissance des rendements agricoles dont les avantages se feront ressentir à la fois sur les exploitants agricoles mais aussi au niveau macroéconomique. Mots-clés : Bonnes pratiques culturales, noix de cajou ou anacarde, Côte d’Ivoire, multinomial. Summary: This article purports to identify the determinants of the adoption of good agricultural practices of the cashew nut. The results of the estimation of the unordered multinomial logit model show that social variables such as location and level of education (primary, secondary and other) favor the adoption of good cashew practices prior to harvest. On the other hand, the adoption of certain cashew nut good farming practices decreases with the age of the farmer and the size of the household. To this end, supervisory structures should target further training on agricultural techniques in production regions in order to improve the rates of adoption of good cultivation practices at the cashew nut level. This will induce a sustained dynamic of growth in agricultural yields, the benefits of which will be felt not only on farmers but also at the macroeconomic level.","PeriodicalId":387621,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114205564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Exchange Rate Fluctuation on International Trade in Rwanda","authors":"Gervais Twamugize, Zhang Xuegong, Abeid Ahmed Rmadhani","doi":"10.9790/5933-0803028291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5933-0803028291","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is empirically examine the effect of exchange rate fluctuation on international trade in Rwanda employing annually time series data from 1990-2014. The Vector Error Correction (VECM) model has been used to capture both short and long-run relationships and the findings show the insignificant relationship between exchange rate and export as well as between exchange rate and import. The Granger causality test have been used to study the causal effect of one variable on other variables, basing on the test results we found that GDP to export and exchange rate to export hold bi-directional cause to each other. Whereas, on the other side we found that only GDP to import hold bi-directional causation between them. This paper finds evidence that exchange rate fluctuation is the main factor that affects the level of international trade measure in terms of export and import flows in Rwanda. It appears that if policy makers wish to promote export and to decrease import in order to improve the balance of trade in Rwanda, they have to keep an open eye on steady appreciation of the exchange rate and to reduce volatility.","PeriodicalId":387621,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117068283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Demonetisation on Indian Stock Market: With Special Reference to Sectoral Indices in National Stock Exchange of India","authors":"Dr.P. Chellasamy, Anu. K.M","doi":"10.9790/5933-0803015154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5933-0803015154","url":null,"abstract":"Demonetization is the act of stripping a currency unit of its status as legal tender. It occurs whenever there is a change of national currency. To change this practice of cash circulation a sudden move has taken by our honorable Prime Minister Mr. Modi on November 8, 2016 regarding demonetization of two highest currency denominations of our country. The Government of India announced the demonetization of all 500 and 1,000 banknotes. This move is taken to support cashless economy & to put a check on black currency in our circulation. This incidence impacted almost all the sectors of our economy. That day biggest fall was observed in Indian equity market in comparison to other Asian market. Apart of this there was a down ward trend observed in almost all the sectoral indices. It means all the sectors got affected by demonetization process. The main objective of this paper is to know the Impact of Demonetization on Indian Stock Market. The secondary data was mainly collected from RBI’s web site and nseindia.com. This study covers a period of only 15days, 7 days, 5 days and 3 days before and after 8-november-2016. We used Pair sample t-test and regression to analyze the data.","PeriodicalId":387621,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115485856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Evaluation of Agricultural Financing, Policies and Initiatives for Sustainable Development in Nigeria, In the 21st Century: 1990-2014","authors":"S. Dul, G. Evbuomwan","doi":"10.9790/5933-0803033238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5933-0803033238","url":null,"abstract":"This study is aimed at evaluating agricultural financing, policies, programmes and initiatives for a sustainable development in Nigeria, from 1990-2014, covering a period of 25 years. The dwindling oil prices in the international market necessitate the needs for diversification of the economy, into agriculture for a sustained development in Nigeria. Data for the study were the secondary ones, sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletins, Annual Report and Statements of Accounts, Bullion, The Economic and Statistical Review of National Planning Commission, conferences Journals and Publications, World Bank and United Nations publications and text books, using the descriptive and inferential techniques. The findings of the study show that Nigerian Government failed to show enough commitments to agricultural activities for its development towards realization of agricultural sustainable development. This is evident in lack of meeting the minimum 10% and 25% budgetary allocation to agriculture as stipulated by Maputo declaration and the Food and Agricultural Organization. It was also found out that commercial bank credits to total credit were too low. There were too many agricultural policies and initiatives that were not matching to actions. Giving the importance of agriculture to any economy, ( provision of food, foreign Earnings, creation of jobs etc) the study recommends the following among others; complying with the minimum 10% and 25% minimum agricultural budgetary allocation to agriculture, Government should match words with actions as regards agricultural policies and initiatives, improve investment in agricultural equipment and other inputs to guarantee the achievement of agricultural sustainable development in Nigeria","PeriodicalId":387621,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133027845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring the Economy in the Digital Age","authors":"Samantha Sanders","doi":"10.9790/5933-0802044950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5933-0802044950","url":null,"abstract":"When GDP was created it was considered one of the greatest inventions of its time. Whilst it has always garnered some degree of criticism, the rapid emergence of new technologies in recent years has only increased skepticism towards this economic tool. In particular, the 'sharing economy', as well as the relatively wide-range of free goods and services that are available has raised questions about the accurateness of GDP. Ultimately, there is a strong argument in favor of re-addressing how this tool is compiled and how it is used.","PeriodicalId":387621,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132190184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of E-Tourism in Indias GDP","authors":"S. K.","doi":"10.9790/5933-0803011619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5933-0803011619","url":null,"abstract":"Tourism is an activity that is mainly Carrie out for recreational and leisure time purposes. This activity has proved vital for many countries developing as well as developed count ries. It has been proved in case of India. During the last decade of 20 th century, India saw the emergence of e-tourism, its innovation and growth. It is because of the online revolution and its utility where the tourists are more interested to get information on destinations, facilities, availabilities, prices, geography & climate and present status of friendly relation. This led to the development of e-commerce strategies in tourism industry and more services in the form of online hotel booking, flight booking, car booking, bus booking came into forefront as online services provided by the big online travel industries like Makemytrip.com, Yatra.com, Cleartrip.com, Ezeego1.com, Arzoo.com, Travelguru.com, Travel.indiatimes.com. On these sites, the travellers have wide option of exploring details of hotels, flights, cars, buses and other allied services. Incredible India is the most sough-after tourist destinations of traveller since the ancient time when the Indian subcontinent was explored by the outsiders. India had become a home to many visitors and invaders starting from the Aryans invasion during the prehistoric era of India.Developing country like India tourism has become one of the major sectors of the economy, contributing to a large proportion to GDP and employment opportunities. Tourism is one of the fastest growing service industry in the country with great potentials for its further expansion and diversification. Tourism industry plays a major role in any country’s economic development.","PeriodicalId":387621,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132724525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Disaggregated Econometric Analysis of Domestic Investment in Bangladesh: Issues and Challenges","authors":"M. Islam","doi":"10.9790/5933-0803025874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5933-0803025874","url":null,"abstract":"This paper tries to assess the degree of influences of the components of domestic investment on it and to examine their causal relationships associated with them at the disaggregated level in Bangladesh so that the policy makers could formulate appropriate policies regarding the issue. In doing so, the domestic investment function has been estimated .The pre-estimating techniques (the Chow test, the Coppock Instability Index, the Jarque-Bera test, the correlation matrix) confirm that there is no structural break point of the data series in 1990 and they are more instable during pre-liberalization (1990). All the variables are positively correlated and majorly they are normally distributed for parametric estimation. In econometric analysis, the results of unit root tests (the ADF, the D-F (GLS), the Phillips-Perron and the correlogram tests) show that the data of the variables of the domestic investment function have been found non-stationary at their levels as the null hypotheses are insignificant. But, they have all been found stationary after the first difference. That is, the variables have been integrated of order one I(1). The Johansen’s Maximum Likelihood (ML) cointegration results show that there are 2 (two) long run stable cointegrating relationships between the pair-wise variables of domestic investment function. The estimated coefficients indicate that the GDP growth rate, FDI, real export and domestic credit have the positive impact on the domestic investment in Bangladesh of which real export affects it significantly. On the other hand, financial intermediation and human capital have negative impact on domestic investment but they are insignificant. The Wald test also confirms that the coefficients are jointly insignificant but some of them may be significant individually for domestic investment in Bangladesh. The VECM results show that the long run causalities exist between GDP growth rate, financial intermediation, real exports, human capital and domestic credit to the domestic investment. The short run effects exist between domestic investment and financial intermediation. There is short run dynamics to the long run equilibrium among GDP growth rate, real export, human capital to domestic investment otherwise, a divergence relation exist. The VAR estimation results indicate that the long run positive elasticities exist between real exports, domestic credit availability to domestic investment while long run negative elasticities exist between financial intermediation and human capital to domestic investment. The short run elasticities exist between GDP growth rate, FDI, financial intermediations, real exports and human capital to domestic investment in Bangladesh. Results of Granger causality test show that there are bidirectional causalities between pair-wise real export and domestic credit to domestic investment as they cause each other to grow. Otherwise, unidirectional causality exists. The response of all variables is either po","PeriodicalId":387621,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121480298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Analysis Of The Effects Of Budget Quality On The Effectiveness Of Budget Implementation On The Trade And Industry Departement Of Ambon Through Budget Monitoring","authors":"Meike F. Nanlohy, J. R. Pattiruhu, S. J. Ferdinandus","doi":"10.9790/5933-0803020106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5933-0803020106","url":null,"abstract":"The results of this study show that budget evaluation does not affect budget monitoring, and not in accordance with the studies/statements of Kenis, Collins and Robinson that the budget quality consisting of budget transparency, budget accuracy, and budget evaluation affects budget monitoring. There is a total effect of budget transparency on the effectiveness of budget through budget monitoring of 1.97 and a total effect of budget accuracy on the effectiveness of budget through budget monitoring of 1.77 .","PeriodicalId":387621,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121064445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multivariate VAR Modelling of Fertility Rate and the Economic Growth in Nigeria","authors":"I. A. Ilori","doi":"10.9790/5933-0803023047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5933-0803023047","url":null,"abstract":"The debate on the linkage between fertility rate, its socio-economic variables and economic growth emerged over a long period of time. Economists revolve around three schools of thoughts: The first school of thought views fertility rate as a factor that adversely affects economic growth, the second school of thought states that fertility rate stimulates economic growth while the third school states that fertility rate is a neutral factor to economic growth. This study developed an Econometric Model taking Nigeria as a case study and adopts a time series data from 1981 to 2015, with the aim of providing additional evidence to the ongoing debate and to examine the nature of the causality that exists between them. This is followed by examination of the stochastic characteristics of each time series by testing their stationarity using Phillip-Perron (PP) test. To obtain the long-run and short-run estimates, the reduced form of vector Auto-regressive (VAR) model approach, using accessories of impulse-response functions (IRFs), forecast error variance decomposition (VDC) and Pairwise Granger causality technique were employed in analyzing the data. The results of the study revealed that there is a direct relationship between gross domestic product (GDP), public health spending (PHES) and life expectancy (LEB) while fertility rate (FR) showed an inverse relationship in Nigeria within the period under study. Furthermore, the results established Uni-directional causality between fertility rate and economic growth in Nigeria over the reviewed years at 5% significance level without a feedback. However, no causality exists between fertility rate and public health spending in Nigeria. The study also confirmed that there is bidirectional causality between public health spending and economic growth in Nigeria. Premised on the findings of this study, recommendations were offered so as to serve as a panacea for Nigeria’s economic backwardness.","PeriodicalId":387621,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125251308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}