Spatium最新文献 - Book学术

Are we discriminating towards guests with disabilities? Accessibility analyses of public restaurants facilities in the Republic of Slovenia 我们是否歧视残疾客人?斯洛文尼亚共和国公共餐厅设施的可达性分析

Spatium Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/spat221028002k

Marko Kukanja, Sasa Planinc

{"title":"Are we discriminating towards guests with disabilities? Accessibility analyses of public restaurants facilities in the Republic of Slovenia","authors":"Marko Kukanja, Sasa Planinc","doi":"10.2298/spat221028002k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/spat221028002k","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have not considered the importance of managers? perspectives for assuring accessibility, and no international benchmarking standards for public restaurant accessibility assessment exist. This study aims to: (1) Propose a holistic evaluation framework for the overall (physical, functional, and communicational) assessment of restaurant accessibility; (2) Identify managers? perceptions of accessibility; and (3) Determine differences in restaurant accessibility according to managers? and restaurants? characteristics. This study was conducted in two stages: literature and legislative analyses and exploratory research using focus groups (the national disability organisations representatives) and field research. The European (EU) and the national legislation were thoroughly analysed and compared to the Americans with disabilities act (ADA). A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 180 managers of small and medium-sized (SME) restaurant enterprises in Slovenia. Bivariate and cluster analyses (CA) were used. Two clusters of restaurants (less and better accessible) were identified. Results indicate that physical barriers, though strictly regulated at the EU level, still present a significant shortcoming in providing accessible services. Functional and communicational barriers prove less problematic. Results also reveal that more accessible restaurants are bigger, have more employees, invest more in IT, and their managers have greater understanding and skills in this area. The evaluation tool enables a holistic approach to accessibility analysis by following the guest?s logical movement path. Besides stricter control, policymakers, interior designers, and restaurant service providers should collaborate closely with disability organisations. Restaurant service providers should be trained on disability issues.","PeriodicalId":38713,"journal":{"name":"Spatium","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68814689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of architectural urban spaces based on space syntax and scenario methods 基于空间句法和情景方法的城市建筑空间分析

Spatium Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/spat230407010o

Olena Oliynyk, Troshkina Olena

{"title":"Analysis of architectural urban spaces based on space syntax and scenario methods","authors":"Olena Oliynyk, Troshkina Olena","doi":"10.2298/spat230407010o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/spat230407010o","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to examine the scenario design process, with the goal of creating an architectural environment with a better perception of urban spaces. Space analysis and generalization of the plot structure of films, as well as their types and genres, which correlate with the plot composition of the urban architectural space and spatial syntax, were used as an approach in the study. This made it possible to investigate the relationships between spatial planning and a number of social, economic and environmental phenomena. As a result of studying the plot composition of a film, it was established that its structural elements and the features of those elements can be used to analyze the architectural environment, in order to study its plot structure based on configurational models of space. Thus, the legitimacy of using cinematographic analysis for the analysis of the architectural environment was confirmed. The plot structure of the architectural environment of the city is understood as its urban structure, which, like in cinematography, can develop linearly, i.e., from the beginning of the route to the end point along one line of a street, or be more complex (non-linear), whereby all elements are placed in an arbitrary order. In cinematography, the idea of the film organizes the plot and sets the formula for the finale; however, in the architectural environment, a person, moving in the city, perceives this environment through the spatial and temporal aspect that has developed historically. Hence, the architectural and artistic appearance of the city is of crucial importance.","PeriodicalId":38713,"journal":{"name":"Spatium","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135010195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Credibility of legalization: Illegally constructed buildings in Serbia 合法化的可信度:塞尔维亚的非法建筑

Spatium Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/spat220826006z

Slavka Zeković, Ksenija Petovar

引用次数: 0

The impact of energy improvement measures in single-family residential buildings on air pollution in the city of Uzice 乌采斯市单户住宅节能措施对空气污染的影响

Spatium Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/spat220925009v

Jana Vasiljevic

{"title":"The impact of energy improvement measures in single-family residential buildings on air pollution in the city of Uzice","authors":"Jana Vasiljevic","doi":"10.2298/spat220925009v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/spat220925009v","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of existing architecture in Serbia has poor thermal characteristics, and heating systems are mostly based on polluting energy sources. This problem results in the unsatisfactory ecological image of cities, and it is endangering the health of the population. Therefore, improving energy performance is becoming an increasingly common principle of design, within both new and existing buildings. The starting point of this paper is that the use of more than sixteen thousand individual heating systems within single-family households in Uzice is one of the most influential air pollutants in the city. The poor quality of energy sources and improper combustion processes release toxic substances into the atmosphere, but the cause of increased emissions of pollutants can be identified in the poor characteristics of thermal envelopes. This research explores whether there is a solution that reduces the pollution in single-family houses by changing the thermal envelope and heating system. The first part of the study points out the main characteristics of the Uzice agglomeration, air pollution and energy sources, while the second part describes the selected single-family housing location in the city. The final part of the research examines the impact of various energy improvement measures on the air pollution in the city of Uzice.","PeriodicalId":38713,"journal":{"name":"Spatium","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135008517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The first community housing model constructed in Hungary - the collective house in Miskolc 在匈牙利建造的第一个社区住宅模型——米什科尔茨的集体住宅

Spatium Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/spat230417008p

Ádám Pirity, Kornélia Kissfazekas

引用次数: 0

Rethinking soviet era mass housing in Kazakhstan 反思哈萨克斯坦苏维埃时代的大规模住房

Spatium Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/spat221002001s

N. Sarzhanov, T. Schurch

引用次数: 1

Simulation of pedestrian accessibility to assess the spatial distribution of urban amenities 模拟行人可达性以评估城市便利设施的空间分布

Spatium Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/spat210429002m

Tanja Mitrovic, V. Stojaković, Milica Vracaric

{"title":"Simulation of pedestrian accessibility to assess the spatial distribution of urban amenities","authors":"Tanja Mitrovic, V. Stojaković, Milica Vracaric","doi":"10.2298/spat210429002m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/spat210429002m","url":null,"abstract":"A city can be perceived as a framework for the everyday activities of its residents, whose movements create complex network patterns as consequences of their individual decisions. Given that there are apparent differences in the use of urban amenities among residents of different ages, we examined the spatial distribution of urban amenities with regard to the preferences of various age groups and the pedestrian accessibility of amenities. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for detecting the most favorable combinations for the spatial distribution of urban amenities, in order to minimize the total walking distances and maximum frequencies of pedestrians of different age groups. The proposed method focuses on the parametric interpretation of various age groups, their preferences for urban amenities, the mutual proximity between residential and non-residential areas, and crowd intensity. Since residents act as agents whose individual decisions are not predictable, we used agent-based modeling to simulate pedestrian movement in order to optimize the spatial distribution of amenities. The digital environment, which allows the parameterization of different types of data, is used for simulation performance. The simulation outcome is quantitatively presented through two criteria of pedestrian accessibility, whose mutual relationship is used to detect the final, optimized combination for the spatial distribution of amenities. This approach can assist with a better understanding of pedestrian dynamics and support pedestrian-friendly choices in urban systems. Finally, the algorithm is applied to the case study of real space in a brownfield location.","PeriodicalId":38713,"journal":{"name":"Spatium","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68812956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Residential satisfaction in large housing estates of Budapest: Is age really just a number? 布达佩斯大型住宅区的居住满意度:年龄真的只是一个数字吗?

Spatium Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/spat220502010n

N. Nzimande

{"title":"Residential satisfaction in large housing estates of Budapest: Is age really just a number?","authors":"N. Nzimande","doi":"10.2298/spat220502010n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/spat220502010n","url":null,"abstract":"With the surge in urban regeneration programs in housing estates in Hungary, there is a need for residents? perceptions of these programs to be understood. This is the first study to be conducted in Hungary and across Central and Eastern Europe to compare residential satisfaction between different age groups within the same city. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether residential satisfaction differs between the different age groups in the regenerated housing estates in Budapest. The study collected quantitative data from 217 residents living in housing estates that had undergone urban regeneration in Budapest, Hungary. Residential satisfaction was found to differ between age groups within the regenerated housing estates in Budapest. Both the 36-55 and 56+ age group models illustrated that the dwelling unit, housing condition, and housing support satisfaction indices were significant predictors of residential satisfaction. The first age group, 18-35, did not show the dwelling unit satisfaction index to be a predictor, whereas the other two indices were significant in predicting residential satisfaction in Budapest. Further analysis found no correlation between the indices with regard to gender, marital status, or length of residence. Thus, the study adds to the growing corpus of literature on residential satisfaction, especially since most of the extant research has been, up to now, conducted in Western Europe, Africa, and Asia. Furthermore, this study can provide valuable insights for urban planners, urban policymakers, and investors in amending current housing policies and contributing to future housing-led regeneration programs within Hungary.","PeriodicalId":38713,"journal":{"name":"Spatium","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68814312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Possibilities for implementing principles of a circular economy in the reconstruction and adaptation of buildings in Serbia 在塞尔维亚建筑的重建和改造中实施循环经济原则的可能性

Spatium Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/spat220301013p

Jana Petrovic, Jelena Pavlovic, A. Radivojević

{"title":"Possibilities for implementing principles of a circular economy in the reconstruction and adaptation of buildings in Serbia","authors":"Jana Petrovic, Jelena Pavlovic, A. Radivojević","doi":"10.2298/spat220301013p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/spat220301013p","url":null,"abstract":"The circular economy is a new economic model which provides the necessary goods and services for maintaining and improving living standards without increasing the consumption of raw materials and waste. The traditional model of the linear economy is viewed as an unsustainable long-term solution because it does not take waste treatment into account, and thus the impact on the environment. The European Union has recognized this problem and obliged its members to apply the circular economy model as a strategy for a climate-neutral, resource-efficient, and competitive economy. By adopting the European Green Deal at the Western Balkans Summit, the Republic of Serbia has committed itself to abide by the new growth strategy, which includes the application of the circular economy in all industrial sectors. The construction industry is one of the most environmentally harmful industries in the world, with a direct impact on the use of raw materials, life cycle of buildings, and the overall environment. The paper explores the circular economy concept, its principles, and possibilities for implementation, both at the national level of the Republic of Serbia and the level of the European Union. The role of the circular economy in the construction industry has been examined through the analysis of legislation currently in force with regard to the treatment of construction materials and waste. This paper aims to highlight the importance of employing the circular economy in the Republic of Serbia, as well as to define guidelines for its further implementation, especially in the reconstruction and adaptation of buildings.","PeriodicalId":38713,"journal":{"name":"Spatium","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68814079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mapping urban design literature: A network-based approach 绘制城市设计文献:基于网络的方法

Spatium Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/spat210806004d

Jorge-Huertas de, Jorge-Moreno de

引用次数: 1