2011 International Conference on Nanoscience, Technology and Societal Implications最新文献

{"title":"GaAs Solar Cell: Effect of P-Layer Thickness on Device Parameter","authors":"S. Mangal, P. Banerji","doi":"10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111799","url":null,"abstract":"p-layer thickness dependence ideality factor, series resistance and barrier height had been investigated of a p-n junction GaAs diode. Solar cell response under sun light illumination was taken and it was found that efficiency, fill factor and short circuit current increased with the thickness of p-GaAs but after a certain thickness all this parameters decreased with increase in thickness. The efficiency of the cell was reached maximum 12.7% at air mass 1 for a 3 μm p layer thickness.","PeriodicalId":386759,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Nanoscience, Technology and Societal Implications","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121032430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanotoxicity of Occupational Dust Generated in Granite Stone Saw Mill","authors":"I. Ahmad, M. Khan, Govil Patil","doi":"10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111990","url":null,"abstract":"The risk of occupational exposure to particles of granite exists during quarrying, saw milling and construction work environment. These particles are known to have predominantly micro-size as well as nanosize. Moreover, toxicological profiles of these particles are not known. An attempt was therefore made to study size-dependent cytotoxicity of granite particles using lung epithelial cell line A549. Occupational dust settled around the saw mill was collected and analyzed for their particle size in microscale and found to be 49%, 31% and 20% of 30-50 μm, 10-30μm and 5-10 μm, respectively. With the help of ball mill occupational dust was grinded to particle size 5-8 μm observed under optical micrometry which was further nanotised to 80-130 nm as characterized by DLS. For experimentation occupational dust (OD), microdust 5-8 μm (MD) and nanodust 83±31nm (ND) were exposed to A549 for 72 hr to study cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and inflammatory bioactivity. Detailed cytotoxicity studies showed LC50 values as 326 μg/ml, 269 μg/ml and 127 μg/ml for OD, MD and ND, respectively. Effects of LC50 concentrations of OD, MD and ND on cellular release of LDH, content of GSH, LPO and ROS production were helpful to assess the differential toxicity caused by microand nanoparticles of granite. Granite particle mediated release of LDH in the incubation media , in comparison with control were 1.3-fold, 2.1 -fold and 3.2-fold in the case of OD, MD and ND, respectively. Exposure of these particles caused significant depletion in cellular GSH i.e. 19.8% and 33.9% due to MD and ND exposure, respectively. Particle mediated ROS production increased by 1.4-fold, 2.3-fold and 3.4fold, by OD, MD and ND, respectively. These particles also enhanced LPO profiles significantly by 1.4-fold, 4.0-fold and 6.5fold due to OD, MD and ND, respectively. Inflammatory bioactivities of these particles were explored acknowledging TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 as markers of inflammation. Expressions of these cytokines were significantly enhanced by ND in comparision with MD and OD. Present study suggests that nanosizing of granite particle from microsize enhances cytotoxic and inflammatory bioactivities of granite particle. Particle sizedependent toxicological profiles of granite would help extrapolating health effects of populations exposed to different work environment risk right from quarrying, stone saw milling and civil installation. It is concluded that different safety standards are required depending upon the work environment prevalent with microor nano-size granite particles. Keywords— Granite, Nanoparticles, Cytotoxicity, ROS, TNF-α,","PeriodicalId":386759,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Nanoscience, Technology and Societal Implications","volume":"522 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123205559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetocapacitance and Magnetic Properties of Cr³+ Ions Doped Hematite Prepared by Sol-Gel Method at Room Temperature","authors":"Amit Kumar, K. Yadav, P. Patel, J. Rani, N. Adhlakha, Meera Rawat, Hemant Singh","doi":"10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111789","url":null,"abstract":"Hematite (α-Fe2O3) and 5 mol.% Cr3+ ions doped hematite were synthesized by sol gel method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of powder calcined at 500 0C show the formation of single-phase rhombohedral structure. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis of as prepared powder indicates the formation of sample around 400 0C. FESEM analysis shows grain size of sintered pellets ~ 100 nm. Magnetization of hematite powders was found to be higher compared with Cr3+ ions doped hematite at the same magnetic field (10 kOe). We observed magnetocapacitance in both the systems at room temperature. As neither hematite nor Cr3+ ions doped hematite is multiferroic material, the observed magnetodielectric property is believed to arise from extrinsic effect such as magnetoresistance. Keywords—Sol-gel; Magnetic materials; Hematite; X-ray diffraction.","PeriodicalId":386759,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Nanoscience, Technology and Societal Implications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116497713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biopolymeric Vectors for Enhancing Gene Delivery-A Comparative Evaluation","authors":"A. Verma, N. Islam, A. Chanchal, R. Pandey","doi":"10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111980","url":null,"abstract":"Gene delivery using nonviral approaches has been extensively studied as a basic tool for intracellular gene transfer and gene therapy. The objective of this work is to comparatively evaluate the expression of reporter transgene using plasmid DNA encoding the green fluorescent protein gene (EGFP-N1) and a standard cationic lipid based transfection reagent Lipofectamine. Gelatin, a biocompatible and biodegradable material, can act as a non-viral delivery vehicle with low toxicity. Positively charged gelatin microparticles (type B, 75 Bloom) were prepared by binary organic solvent (ethanol /acetone) water displacement method. The pEGFP-N1 vector was used as a green fluorescent protein gene and transformed in E. coli DH5 . The quality and quantity of plasmid DNA were observed by spectrophotometric analysis at 260 & 280nm. In this study, plasmid EGFP-N1 was encapsulated in positively charged gelatin microparticles. The GM–DNA particle size was within the range of 670.5 nm with a surface charge of 9.10 mV. The EGFP-N1 Plasmid and polymer complex stability was determined by agarose gel retardation assay. The gel retardation assay of polymer DNA Complex were performed at different N/P ratios of 1:1 ,2:1, 4:1, 6:1 and 10:1. The transfection efficiency in vitro depends on the molecular weight, charge ratio, and DNA concentration of the GM– DNA as well as the type of cell transfected. The results indicate higher transfection efficiency ~80% of positively charged gelatin microparticles in 24hrs, while lipofectamine gives approximately 65% transfection efficiency after 72hrs. This simple, noninvasive technique of using cationic gelatin to deliver biomolecules provides an efficient delivery strategy for gene therapy and drug delivery.","PeriodicalId":386759,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Nanoscience, Technology and Societal Implications","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124031841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deformation Behavior of Material","authors":"S. K. Pradhan, P. Kour","doi":"10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111797","url":null,"abstract":"The microstructure evolution of Aluminum was investigated in different temperature range. Then the effect of different microstructure on high temperature deformation behavior was further studied. With the aid of scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) the fractography of Aluminum after super plastic deformation was analyzed. The results reveal that intergranular cavities with fine size & homogeneous distribution are beneficial to super plastic deformation. For characterization of material we take material like aluminum. We prepared test specimen having length 32cm, diameter 10mm.The test specimen was installed in the UTM(40T) & loaded in tension. Loaddisplacement diagram has been plotted for the entire specimen.","PeriodicalId":386759,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Nanoscience, Technology and Societal Implications","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126416353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure and Morphology Evolution of TiO2 Films Grown by Sputtering","authors":"S. S. Pradhan, S. Pradhan, P. K. Barhai","doi":"10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111786","url":null,"abstract":"The structure and morphology evolution of TiO2 thin films deposited by RF magnetron sputtering on Si(100), glass and steel substrates at various deposition conditions was investigated. The effect of total pressure (Pt), O2/Ar flow and Au-Pd buffer layer on the structure and morphology of TiO2 film has been studied thoroughly. It was found that the rutile phase crystallinity increased with decrease in Pt and increase in O2 flow. Here we also show by sputtering it is possible to grow rutile core and anatase shell heterostructure TiO2 nanorods of length 500-700 nm and diameter 40-100 nm on gold coated Si (Au/Si) substrate without external heating. Also, TiO2 whiskers of length 0.9-30 μm and diameter 0.66-1.2 μm were grown on Au-Pd/Si substrates when substrate temperature was maintained at 450-500oC. The presented results suggests that the process parameters (such as: Pt, Ar/O2 flow, Au-Pd layer on Si) define the structure and morphology of TiO2 during magnetron sputtering. KeywordsTitanium dioxide; RF magnetron sputtering; O2/Ar flow ratio; Nanorod; Whisker","PeriodicalId":386759,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Nanoscience, Technology and Societal Implications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129697818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Ultrathin Si:SiO2 Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications","authors":"H. Murthy, Anilesh Kumar, R. Jayavel","doi":"10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111778","url":null,"abstract":"In this research paper, the optical properties of ultrathin Si:SiO2 films deposited by Plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) were studied. The main purpose of this research was to observe the transmittance and absorbance of multiple layers of Si and SiO2 alternatively deposited on the substrate for photovoltaic applications. The optical properties that were studied include UV-Visible spectroscopy and photoluminsence. Analysis of the UV Visible spectroscopy revealed a band gap of 2.65eV for the multilayered Si:SiO2 films which was confirmed by the data obtained from photoluminescence. Keywords-ultrathin, Si, SiO2, photovoltaic,PECVD.","PeriodicalId":386759,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Nanoscience, Technology and Societal Implications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130816388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of Highly Ordered Cylindrical Nanopores with Modulated Diameter Using Anodic Alumina","authors":"S. Bodepudi, D. Bachman, S. Pramanik","doi":"10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111796","url":null,"abstract":"We propose two novel methods for fabrication of highly ordered cylindrical nanopores with modulated diameter using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template. These are (a) multistep anodization in which each step is separated from the next by a controlled wet etching process, and (b) lateral hard anodization of aluminum in malonic acid. This latter method also circumvents the typical sample burning problem which always accompanies surface hard anodization. Further, this method enables high temperature, high voltage anodization studies without requiring a buffer layer of aluminum oxide on the surface.","PeriodicalId":386759,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Nanoscience, Technology and Societal Implications","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122281784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoscience, Ethics and Progress: The Poor and Advanced Technologies","authors":"L. Hartsell, J. Weckert, Thomas Pogge","doi":"10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111991","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":386759,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Nanoscience, Technology and Societal Implications","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124917241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control of the Crystalline Polymorph, Molecular Dipole and Chain Orientations in P(VDF-HFP) for High Electrical Energy Storage Application","authors":"D. Mandal, K. Henkel, D. Schmeißer","doi":"10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSTSI.2011.6111801","url":null,"abstract":"The electroactive β-phase is induced in poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) [P(VDFHFP)] copolymer films without the help of traditional stretching techniques. We doped silver nanoparticles in P(VDF-HFP) to induce β-phase as well as control the chain and dipole orientations. The Grazing incidence reflection (GIR) infrared spectroscopy is used to confirm the molecular dipole orientations and crystalline polymorph for ultra thin films. The capability of the ferroelectric response is confirmed from the dynamic contact electrical force microscopy (DCEFM) study.","PeriodicalId":386759,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Nanoscience, Technology and Societal Implications","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132635315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}