{"title":"Discrete event control under nondeterministic partial observation","authors":"Songyan Xu, Ratnesh Kumar","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2009.5234123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2009.5234123","url":null,"abstract":"Most prior work on control of discrete event systems assume that sensors are reliable so that they can be modeled as a deterministic (point-valued) observation mask. However in certain harsh environments such as nuclear systems, sensors may not be reliable. This results in a nondeterministic (set-valued) observation mask. In this paper, we allow the observation mask to be nondeterministic to capture unreliability of sensors. In this setting finding a supervisor to enforce a given specification has the additional challenge of deciding which observations of a trace of the specification must be enabled (note a trace of the specification is enabled as long as one of its observations is enabled). We propose a method to deal with this challenge by introducing the notion of lifting, and defining the lifting of events, plant, specification, and observation mask. A lifted-specification is said to be safe if its projection on the original events equals the given specification. We show that a supervisor exists if and only if exists a lifted-specification that satisfies closure, safety, controllability, observability, together with a new property called conformity. The class of such languages is not closed under union or intersection, but is closed under union over an increasing chain. As a result, finding a desired liftedspecification can be difficult. We propose a work around this difficulty by replacing the property of observability with the stronger property of normality. The corresponding class of languages is shown to be closed under union, and its nonemptiness serves as a constructive sufficient condition for the existence of a supervisor. We also provide an automaton representation of a control policy based on a nondeterministic observation mask.","PeriodicalId":386046,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115539876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of robot assisted stroke rehabilitation system of human upper limb","authors":"S. Parasuraman, A. Oyong, V. Ganapathy","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2009.5234163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2009.5234163","url":null,"abstract":"This project is focusing on the development of robot-assisted stroke rehabilitation system of human upper limb and hand elbow movements. Realizing the complexity of human upper limb, the study is limited to human upper limb, consisting of 3 glenohumeral joints (abduction-adduction, flexion-extension, and rotation) and elbow joint (flexionextension). In this paper the rehabilitation robotic system is proposed to assist a patient to train his hand movements to a desired position by considering other parameters such as speed and joint torque. In this system, each movement of the glenohumeral joints are scheduled based on the feedback signal obtained from the respective muscle groups through EMG signal interface. The kinematic model is proposed based on the literature survey and assumptions are made to reduce the complexity. Denavit-Hartenberg method is used for the positional analysis to determine the end position in 3D space while the Lagrange-Euler method is used for the dynamic analysis. A PID computed torque controller was designed by utilizing the equation of motion. The purpose of the controller is to compensate the dynamical imperfection and the presence of disturbance. The project is developed using MATLAB SimMechanics, in which human arm and rehabilitation robot is modeled.","PeriodicalId":386046,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114946111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RACK: RApid clustering using K-means algorithm","authors":"Vikas K. Garg, M. Murty","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2009.5234127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2009.5234127","url":null,"abstract":"The k-means algorithm is an extremely popular technique for clustering data. One of the major limitations of the k-means is that the time to cluster a given dataset D is linear in the number of clusters, k. In this paper, we employ height balanced trees to address this issue. Specifically, we make two major contributions, (a) we propose an algorithm, RACK (acronym for RApid Clustering using k-means), which takes time favorably comparable with the fastest known existing techniques, and (b) we prove an expected bound on the quality of clustering achieved using RACK. Our experimental results on large datasets strongly suggest that RACK is competitive with the k-means algorithm in terms of quality of clustering, while taking significantly less time.","PeriodicalId":386046,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129855564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Heragu, Xiao Cai, A. Krishnamurthy, C. Malmborg
{"title":"Analysis of autonomous vehicle storage and retrieval system by open queueing network","authors":"S. Heragu, Xiao Cai, A. Krishnamurthy, C. Malmborg","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2009.5234100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2009.5234100","url":null,"abstract":"Automated vehicle storage/retrieval system (AVS/RS) technology is a relatively new material handling technology. It is a flexible system that is a viable alternative to automated storage/retrieval systems (AS/RS). The manufacturing system performance analyzer (MPA) is an open queuing network (OQN) analyzer based on the parametric decomposition method. This paper models the AVS/RS and uses MPA to analyze the performance of an AVS/RS configuration. Experimental results are provided to show that the OQN methodology can be applied effectively to analyze an AVS/RS when vehicle utilization is between 60% and 85%. MPA is a better choice than simulation to quickly evaluate alternate configurations of the AVS/RS.","PeriodicalId":386046,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130350076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kristofer Bengtsson, B. Lennartson, Chengyin Yuan, P. Falkman, S. Biller
{"title":"Operation-oriented specification for integrated control logic development","authors":"Kristofer Bengtsson, B. Lennartson, Chengyin Yuan, P. Falkman, S. Biller","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2009.5234133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2009.5234133","url":null,"abstract":"In order to develop a manufacturing automation system, it is necessary to understand the manufacturing operations and their relationship, the sequence of operations, which is the basis for control logic design. The operations have preconditions that define when they are allowed to start executing, which also defines the sequence relations among them. Requirements and demands throughout the development will add and change these conditions, which also changes the sequence of operations. This paper studies how an operation-oriented development approach better can handle the operations and manufacturing sequences from early product design to detailed control engineering. An operation is defined by an extended finite automaton, with an initial, execute and finished location. The start event is enabled by a precondition, the stop event is enabled by a postcondition and the reset event is enabled by a reset condition. This representation together with a resource and product description enables the possibility to integrate control logic in the complete development process.","PeriodicalId":386046,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130076590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decentralized fault diagnosis for sensor networks","authors":"M. Franceschelli, A. Giua, C. Seatzu","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2009.5234147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2009.5234147","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we study the problem of fault diagnosis for sensor networks.We examine faults that involve an anomalous behavior of the sensor and investigate their diagnosis only through the local interaction between faulty nodes and healthy ones. We provide heuristics to actively diagnose faults and recover the nominal behavior.","PeriodicalId":386046,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125492314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advanced studies of selection schemes for dual virtual-metrology outputs","authors":"Wei-ming Wu, F. Cheng, Tung-Ho Lin, Deng-Lin Zeng, Jyun-Fang Chen, Min-Hsiung Hung","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2009.5234137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2009.5234137","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced Studies of selection schemes between neural-network (NN) and multiple-regression (MR) outputs of a virtual metrology system (VMS) are presented in this paper. Both NN and MR are applicable algorithms for implementing VM conjecture models. But a MR algorithm may achieve better accuracy only with a stable process, whereas a NN algorithm may has superior accuracy when equipment property drift or shift occurs. To take advantage of the merits of both MR and NN algorithms, the simple-selection scheme (SS-scheme) was proposed in CASE 2008 to enhance virtual-metrology (VM) conjecture accuracy. This SS-scheme simply selects either NN or MR output. Recently, with advanced studies, a weighted-selection scheme (WS-scheme), which computes the VM output with a weighted sum of NN and MR results, has been developed. Besides the example with the CVD process of fifth generation TFT-LCD used in the CASE 2008 paper, a new example with the photo process is also adopted in this paper to test and compare the conjecture accuracy among solo NN, solo MR, SS-scheme, and WS-scheme. One-hidden-layered back-propagation neural network (BPNN-I) is adopted for establishing the NN conjecture model. Test results show that the conjecture accuracy of the WS-scheme is the best among those of solo NN, solo MR, SS-scheme, and WS-scheme algorithms.","PeriodicalId":386046,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116039258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Closed-loop determinism for non-deterministic environments: Verification for IEC 61499 logic controllers","authors":"Lindsay V. Allen, K. M. Goh, D. Tilbury","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2009.5234184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2009.5234184","url":null,"abstract":"Verification of logic controllers can identify errors during the design stage so they can be remedied and prevent some faults from occurring once the system is running. Input order robustness is the property that multiple inputs arriving in a variety of orders, and regardless of the order, produce the same set of outputs and same final state. Verifying this property ensures determinism of the closed-loop system even if the environment is non-deterministic. Because use of the IEC 61499 standard for distributed control is becoming more widespread, we present the application of input order robustness verification to controllers implemented in this formalism. Open issues with IEC 61499 execution semantics are presented and discussed in relation to input order robustness verification.","PeriodicalId":386046,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134507093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chong Hyun Park, Lalit Patil, K. Saitou, H. Romeijn
{"title":"Decision support for optimal adaptation of product and supply chain systems based on real options theory","authors":"Chong Hyun Park, Lalit Patil, K. Saitou, H. Romeijn","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2009.5234119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2009.5234119","url":null,"abstract":"In order to remain profitable in the highly competitive global market, a manufacturing enterprise is expected to proactively adapt itself in anticipation of unplanned, but foreseeable high impact events. This paper presents a decision model for optimal adaptation of product and supply chain systems subject to sudden, severe changes in the operating environment. Extending our previous work [1], decision-tree based framework is developed for optimally choosing design-supplier alternatives in multi-product, multi-echelon product and supply chain systems based on the real options theory. A case study on a two-component, two-echelon supply chain is presented which highlights unique characteristics of product quality as compared to cost and time.","PeriodicalId":386046,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132162428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Mysore, Prakash Nenavat, Rasmi S. Unnithan, R. Mulukutla, Shrisha Rao
{"title":"An efficient algorithm for RFID reader positioning for coverage of irregularly-shaped areas","authors":"N. Mysore, Prakash Nenavat, Rasmi S. Unnithan, R. Mulukutla, Shrisha Rao","doi":"10.1109/COASE.2009.5234161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COASE.2009.5234161","url":null,"abstract":"Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a proven automation technology finding application in various commercial sectors. These applications involve locating all tagged items automatically using available RFID readers. RFID readers are of two types, fixed and mobile. The number of readers required to cover an area depends on factors such as the properties of the reader, tag and the shape of the area to be covered.","PeriodicalId":386046,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133032241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}