不确定性部分观测下的离散事件控制

Songyan Xu, Ratnesh Kumar
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引用次数: 24

摘要

大多数先前关于离散事件系统控制的工作假设传感器是可靠的,因此它们可以被建模为确定性(点值)观测掩模。然而,在某些恶劣的环境中,如核系统,传感器可能不可靠。这导致了不确定性(集值)观测掩码。在本文中,我们允许观测掩模是不确定的,以捕获传感器的不可靠性。在这种设置中,寻找执行给定规范的主管还面临另外一个挑战,即决定必须启用规范跟踪的哪些观察(注意,只要启用了其中一个观察,就启用了规范的跟踪)。我们提出了一种方法,通过引入提升的概念,并定义事件、工厂、规范和观察掩码的提升来应对这一挑战。如果一个提升的规范在原始事件上的投影等于给定的规范,那么它就是安全的。我们证明,当且仅当存在满足闭包性、安全性、可控性、可观察性以及称为一致性的新性质的提升规范时,存在监督。这类语言不是在并集或交集下封闭,而是在递增链上的并集下封闭。因此,找到理想的提升规范可能很困难。我们提出了一种解决这个困难的方法,用更强的正态性来代替可观测性的性质。证明了相应的语言类在并集下是闭的,其非空性作为监督存在的构造性充分条件。我们还提供了基于不确定性观测掩模的控制策略的自动机表示。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Discrete event control under nondeterministic partial observation
Most prior work on control of discrete event systems assume that sensors are reliable so that they can be modeled as a deterministic (point-valued) observation mask. However in certain harsh environments such as nuclear systems, sensors may not be reliable. This results in a nondeterministic (set-valued) observation mask. In this paper, we allow the observation mask to be nondeterministic to capture unreliability of sensors. In this setting finding a supervisor to enforce a given specification has the additional challenge of deciding which observations of a trace of the specification must be enabled (note a trace of the specification is enabled as long as one of its observations is enabled). We propose a method to deal with this challenge by introducing the notion of lifting, and defining the lifting of events, plant, specification, and observation mask. A lifted-specification is said to be safe if its projection on the original events equals the given specification. We show that a supervisor exists if and only if exists a lifted-specification that satisfies closure, safety, controllability, observability, together with a new property called conformity. The class of such languages is not closed under union or intersection, but is closed under union over an increasing chain. As a result, finding a desired liftedspecification can be difficult. We propose a work around this difficulty by replacing the property of observability with the stronger property of normality. The corresponding class of languages is shown to be closed under union, and its nonemptiness serves as a constructive sufficient condition for the existence of a supervisor. We also provide an automaton representation of a control policy based on a nondeterministic observation mask.
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