Johny Nicolas, Nicholas L Pitaro, Birgit Vogel, Roxana Mehran
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence - Advisory or Adversary?","authors":"Johny Nicolas, Nicholas L Pitaro, Birgit Vogel, Roxana Mehran","doi":"10.15420/icr.2022.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/icr.2022.22","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) leverages computers and machines capable of performing high-level executive functions, mimicking human intelligence. Machine learning (ML) is a branch of AI capable of improving itself by learning from data, identifying patterns and making decisions without being explicitly programmed to do so. AI is already part of everyday life and used in areas including healthcare, banking systems and industry. In particular, AI has numerous applications in medicine, such as risk prediction, robotic surgery, automated imaging diagnosis and clinical research.1,2 Cardiology is at the forefront of the AI revolution, and there are many potential applications. Though concerns with AI credibility are more of an issue in healthcare than in other fields, the potential benefits of well-integrated AI tools for medicine in general and cardiology in particular are fascinating.","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"18 ","pages":"e17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0a/3e/icr-18-e17.PMC10311397.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9743976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maja Rojko, Natasa Cernic Suligoj, Metka Zorc, Marko Noc
{"title":"Patent Foramen Ovale-associated Stroke and COVID-19 Vaccination.","authors":"Maja Rojko, Natasa Cernic Suligoj, Metka Zorc, Marko Noc","doi":"10.15420/icr.2022.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/icr.2022.27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> COVID-19 infection has been associated with paradoxical thromboembolism through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) and ischaemic stroke. Such events have not been reported after COVID-19 vaccination. The aim of the present study was to investigate PFO-associated stroke during the mass COVID-19 vaccination in Slovenia. <b>Methods:</b> This prospective study, conducted between 26 December 2020 and 31 March 2022, enrolled consecutive patients (≥18 years) with PFO-associated stroke referred for a percutaneous closure to a single interventional facility in Slovenia. <b>Results:</b> A total of 953,546 people aged between 18 and 70 years received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine approved by the European Medicines Agency. Of the 28 patients presenting with PFO-associated stroke, 12 patients (42.9%) were vaccinated prior to the event, of whom nine were women and three were men, aged between 21 and 70 years. Stroke occurred within 35 days after vaccination in six patients (50%). Clinical presentation included motor dysphasia, paresis, vertigo, ataxia, paraesthesia, headache, diplopia and hemianopia. At hospital discharge, 11 patients (91.6%) had at least one residual ischaemic lesion. <b>Conclusion:</b> A temporal coincidence of COVID-19 vaccination and PFO-associated stroke has been described. A potential cause-effect relationship may only be hypothesised.</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"18 ","pages":"e10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5d/67/icr-18-e10.PMC10311394.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9746309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contemporary Left Main Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A State-of-the-art Review.","authors":"Refai Showkathali, Radha Priya Yalamanchi","doi":"10.15420/icr.2023.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/icr.2023.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The majority of the left ventricular myocardium is supplied by the left main coronary artery. Atherosclerotic obstruction of the left main coronary artery therefore leads to significant myocardial jeopardy. Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) has been the gold standard for left main coronary artery disease in the past. However, advancements in technology have established percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as a standard, safe and reasonable alternative to CABG, with comparable outcomes. Contemporary PCI of left main coronary artery disease comprises careful patient selection, accurate technique guided by either intravascular ultrasound or optical coherence tomography and - if necessary - physiological assessment using fractional flow reserve. This review focuses on current evidence from registries and randomised trials comparing PCI with CABG, procedural tips and tricks, adjuvant technologies and the triumph of PCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"18 ","pages":"e20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4f/11/icr-18-e20.PMC10331562.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9818462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"British Cardiovascular Interventional Society Consensus: a Huge Step Towards Standardised Care for Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest in the UK.","authors":"Marko Noc, Roxana Mehran","doi":"10.15420/icr.2022.25","DOIUrl":"10.15420/icr.2022.25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"17 ","pages":"e17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/48/55/icr-17-e17.PMC9820175.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9099881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Anomalous Right Coronary Artery: Ready to Implement in Clinical Routine?","authors":"Anselm W Stark, Christoph Gräni","doi":"10.15420/icr.2022.17","DOIUrl":"10.15420/icr.2022.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":"17 ","pages":"e15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7a/bc/icr-17-e15.PMC9819999.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9085611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Silvio Vera-Vera, Artemio Garcia, Santiago Jimenez-Valero, Guillermo Galeote, Raúl Moreno, Alfonso Jurado-Roman
{"title":"Excimer Laser Coronary Atherectomy to Treat Calcified Lesions.","authors":"Silvio Vera-Vera, Artemio Garcia, Santiago Jimenez-Valero, Guillermo Galeote, Raúl Moreno, Alfonso Jurado-Roman","doi":"10.15420/icr.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/icr.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"We fully agree with the authors on the benefits of intravascular lithotripsy (IVL), a technology that has changed the treatment of calcified lesions because of its safety and efficacy, as well as having potential advantages over other plaque modification techniques. Its main limitation is the crossing profile when treating a very tight and severely calcified stenosis where rotational (RA) or orbital atherectomy (OA) are very useful, as the authors describe.","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":" ","pages":"e14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/70/77/icr-17-e14.PMC9585644.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40454595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pierluigi Costanzo, Paul Bamborough, Mark Peterson, Djeven J Deva, Geraldine Ong, Neil Fam
{"title":"Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation for Severe Pure Aortic Regurgitation With Dedicated Devices.","authors":"Pierluigi Costanzo, Paul Bamborough, Mark Peterson, Djeven J Deva, Geraldine Ong, Neil Fam","doi":"10.15420/icr.2021.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/icr.2021.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aortic regurgitation (AR) is not the most common valvular disease; however, its prevalence increases with age, with more than 2% of those aged >70 years having at least moderate AR. Once symptoms related to AR develop, the prognosis becomes poor. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for patients with pure severe AR and at prohibitive surgical risk is occasionally performed, but remains a clinical challenge due to absence of valvular calcium, large aortic root and increased stroke volume. These issues make the positioning and deployment of transcatheter aortic valve implantation devices unpredictable, with a tendency to prosthesis embolisation or malposition. To date, the only two dedicated transcatheter valves for AR are the J-Valve (JC Medical) and the JenaValve (JenaValve Technology). Both devices have been used successfully via the transapical approach. The transfemoral experience is limited to first-in-human publications and to a clinical trial dedicated to AR, for which the completion date is still pending.</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":" ","pages":"e11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7b/6d/icr-17-e11.PMC9340575.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40669217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrick Vera Cruz, Patricio Palmes, Nadine Bacalangco
{"title":"Prognostic Value of Myocardial Blush Grade in ST-elevation MI: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Patrick Vera Cruz, Patricio Palmes, Nadine Bacalangco","doi":"10.15420/icr.2022.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/icr.2022.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Ineffective myocardial perfusion despite angiographic success after angioplasty occurs frequently and is associated with an increased risk of mortality. Hence, this study determined whether myocardial perfusion measured by myocardial blush grade (MBG) identifies ST-elevation MI (STEMI) patients at high risk for poor outcomes after successful angioplasty. <b>Methods:</b> The search employed strategies designed for research databases. An article was eligible if it included adults who underwent coronary angioplasty for STEMI, post-angioplasty MBG was assessed, and mortality or major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were determined. Risk for bias was assessed using the Quality In Prognosis Studies tool and forest plots in a Mantel-Haenszel fixed effects model were created using RevMan5.4. <b>Results/discussion:</b> Eight observational studies with an overall low risk of bias were included, involving 8,044 patients. MBG 0/1 with no to poor myocardial perfusion had a negative prognostic value for mortality (OR 2.68; 95% CI [2.22-3.23]) and MACE (OR 1.20; 95% CI [1.01-1.41]). Furthermore, MBG 2 with moderate myocardial perfusion and MBG 3 with normal myocardial perfusion were associated with increased survival with a logHR of 0.47 (95% CI [0.43-0.52]) and 0.20 percutaneous coronary intervention (95% CI [0.18-0.23]). These results imply MBG is a useful prognostic marker for STEMI patients. <b>Conclusion:</b> MBG 0/1 after primary angioplasty is a strong negative prognostic marker for long-term all-cause mortality and MACE among STEMI patients, and a post-primary angioplasty MBG of 2 or 3 is a robust prognostic marker for long-term survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":" ","pages":"e10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/71/65/icr-17-e10.PMC9340576.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40669215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonathan A Mailey, Patrick Thompson, Paul W Johnston, Colum G Owens
{"title":"A Complex Case of Pregnancy-related Left Main Stem Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection.","authors":"Jonathan A Mailey, Patrick Thompson, Paul W Johnston, Colum G Owens","doi":"10.15420/icr.2021.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/icr.2021.33","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a less common cause of acute coronary syndrome. Pregnancy-related SCAD is uncommon, but often presents with a more severe phenotype. This report describes a 30-year-old woman with an anterior ST elevation MI, presenting 1 day postpartum. Left main stem (LMS) SCAD with extensive intramural haematoma (IMH) and resultant LMS occlusion was confirmed by angiography and intravascular imaging. Given the extent of disease, the patient underwent emergency cardiac surgery. Coronary flow was initially improved by decompressing the IMH using cutting balloons. The coronary wires were successfully left <i>in situ</i> during transfer in an effort to both maintain flow and allow the surgeon to identify true LMS. Ideally, SCAD can be managed conservatively given the risk of intervention worsening IMH, and hence myocardial ischaemia/MI. However, emergency revascularisation is indicated in cases of persistent ischaemia. This case demonstrates percutaneous therapies to bridge towards and help with subsequent surgical revascularisation.</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":" ","pages":"e09"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a3/c4/icr-17-e09.PMC9306263.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40632958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Helen Routledge, Andrew Sp Sharp, Jan Kovac, Mark Westwood, Thomas R Keeble, Raj Bathula, Hany Eteiba, Iris Q Grunwald, Nick Curzen
{"title":"Can Interventional Cardiologists Help Deliver the UK Mechanical Thrombectomy Interventional Programme for Patients with Acute Ischaemic Stroke? A Discussion Paper from the British Cardiovascular Interventional Society Stroke Thrombectomy Focus Group.","authors":"Helen Routledge, Andrew Sp Sharp, Jan Kovac, Mark Westwood, Thomas R Keeble, Raj Bathula, Hany Eteiba, Iris Q Grunwald, Nick Curzen","doi":"10.15420/icr.2021.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/icr.2021.35","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a willingness among UK interventional cardiologists to contribute to provision of a 24/7 mechanical thrombectomy (MT) service for all suitable stroke patients if given the appropriate training. This highly effective intervention remains unavailable to the majority of patients who might benefit, partly because there is a limited number of trained specialists. As demonstrated in other countries, interdisciplinary working can be the solution and an opportunity to achieve this is outlined in this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":38586,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Review","volume":" ","pages":"e07"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/95/ea/icr-17-e07.PMC9214600.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40553255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}