Infant Observation最新文献

{"title":"The presence of a ‘nanny’ in South African infant observations: learning opportunities and challenges for student observers and their teachers","authors":"N. Dugmore","doi":"10.1080/13698036.2019.1571934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698036.2019.1571934","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many South African infants are co-reared by a ‘nanny’ employed as a domestic worker in the family home. The racial distribution of this sector of the labour force is 100% black. Domestic workers seldom have any formal or semi-formal training and they remain undervalued and subordinate in labour status. Given the country’s cruel apartheid history; racial, cultural, socio-economic, labour and power dynamics underpin these domestic relationships. There is a paucity of research into the impact of ‘nannies’ on the infant’s early life and development, or on the relational dynamics that develop between infant, mother and ‘shadow mother’ in the South African context. Privileged learning and qualitative research opportunities are proffered by the high percentage of infant observations situations that include the presence of a nanny. Further, the student observer and indeed the observation situation itself are not immune to the influence and impact of the complex relational dynamics. In a country that is working hard to repair damaged relationships in the aftermath of apartheid, small opportunities for hope emerge in the reflective discussions of the seminar groups. This paper explores several of these themes illustrated by vignettes from infant observations presented to the author over several years.","PeriodicalId":38553,"journal":{"name":"Infant Observation","volume":"22 1","pages":"42 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13698036.2019.1571934","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47140966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of observation within a project aiming at facilitating the transition of young patients with juvenile diabetes from paediatric to adults’ services","authors":"S. Adamo, F. Racioppi, G. Siani","doi":"10.1080/13698036.2019.1619612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698036.2019.1619612","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In recent years, the spread of juvenile diabetes has increased exponentially causing major psychological, economic and social costs and raising concern among health professionals and policy makers in relation to supporting these children and adolescent patients. The patients’ transition from Paediatric to Adult services is a critical moment with a high percentage of treatment drop-outs. This has been the focus of research carried out by a team of paediatricians, adult diabetologists, and child and adolescent psychotherapists in the Medical School of a large Italian city. This paper focuses on the role of psychoanalytical observation applied in work discussion seminars with the staff of Paediatric and Adult services in the hospital. The observations were conducted in the joint outpatient clinic, a new Service introduced experimentally to facilitate the transfer from Paediatric to Adult Dibetology Clinics. The seminars included the diabetologist for the last paediatric medical appointment and a paediatrician for the first young adult appointment. The paper discusses the methodology and the data gathered, focussing on the dynamics between the two doctors in the joint outpatient clinic, and on the impact of the social defences, which initially interfered with the joint work.","PeriodicalId":38553,"journal":{"name":"Infant Observation","volume":"22 1","pages":"21 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13698036.2019.1619612","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59811838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From being a student to becoming an infant observation young seminar leader with nursery teachers*","authors":"Federica Pibiri","doi":"10.1080/13698036.2019.1607529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698036.2019.1607529","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper describes a newly qualified child psychotherapist’s first experience of teaching, using an application of Esther Bick’s infant observation method, with nursery school teachers observing in their own workplace. The seminar leader describes learning form the experience of running the seminar with supervisory support. The teacher group’s increasing ability to observe the young children and the ‘child in their mind’ is linked with developments in the new teacher’s thinking about the task of teaching and the importance of noting her own emotional reaction. She is also acutely aware of her own recent learning as an observer herself. The teaching involves listening with feeling and encouraging the observers to develop by presenting their observations for reflection, encouraging more detail and reflection as time goes by. The new seminar leader’s anxiety about emulating her own observation teachers, and her growing understanding of the powerful forces of unconscious projection which can be utilised to understand more of the young child’s experience, enhances the observer- teachers’ capacity to notice and reflect on what they see.","PeriodicalId":38553,"journal":{"name":"Infant Observation","volume":"22 1","pages":"57 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13698036.2019.1607529","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47744122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On adolescence: inside stories","authors":"Chau-Yee Lo","doi":"10.1080/13698036.2019.1579430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698036.2019.1579430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38553,"journal":{"name":"Infant Observation","volume":"22 1","pages":"68 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13698036.2019.1579430","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48139354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial","authors":"Trudy Klauber","doi":"10.1080/13698036.2019.1635771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698036.2019.1635771","url":null,"abstract":"When Esther Bick came up with her brainwave; the practice of naturalistic psychoanalytic baby observation, she could never have expected it to spread so far, nor that its applications would become so many and so useful. This issue of the Journal, the first of 2019, contains examples of applications of Bick’s method of exceptional quality. These are descriptions and illustrations which give a clear sense of what can be understood and learnt in terms of how to use observation to assess the needs of children who have had to be removed from their birth parents, white South African children cared for by white-employed black nannies, observing oneself developing and learning as a new observation teacher, and using observation to understand the complex dynamics of treating young people with diabetes and transferring to adult medical care. Bick (1964) originally conceived of the idea that trainee child psychotherapists, and later psychoanalysts in training (Infant Observation at the Tavistock began in 1948 and, at the Institute of Psychoanalysis in 1960) would benefit from the direct experience of establishing and undertaking a regular weekly visit to observe a baby in his or her family. The explicit aim was to encourage the observer to establish the observation in negotiation with the baby’s parents, and to try, as far as possible, ‘simply’ to notice as much as possible about the baby, quietly taking in and remembering the detail of what happened in the hour. Bick wanted future child psychotherapists to have some direct experience of being with a baby. She wanted to alert them to something which came entirely naturally to Bick herself, to be in touch with the infantile in child patients and to listen sympathetically and with greater imaginative and sympathetic involvement, to mothers’ accounts of their baby (See Rustin, 2009). The observer was to try to find a place in the family home and to note whatever happened in the ordinary course of events, to be recalled by writing as detailed an account as possible soon after the observation finished. This apparently simple task was, in fact, not simple at all, as Bick knew and as Rustin (2009) amongst many others, has noted. The observer’s task of finding an appropriate position during observational visits is often excruciating. The self-consciousness, any feeling of being looked at critically which parents might have, the observer’s strong identification with the baby, the raw feeling of new-ness, all contribute. Bick was strongly aware of observers’ tendency to identify with the baby, and to feel critical of parents. She was also aware that, again as Rustin notes, (Rustin 2009) the observer needs to find a way to relate to everyone who is present, focusing on the baby without ‘acting out a role’ offered unconsciously or consciously by the family. The observer is inevitably also exposed to the emotional upheaval of the first months of life. The formal application of observation to a range of tasks and setting","PeriodicalId":38553,"journal":{"name":"Infant Observation","volume":"22 1","pages":"1 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13698036.2019.1635771","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48207087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Through the lens of infant observation: some reflections on teaching infant observation and its applications to professionals working with infants","authors":"Graham Shulman","doi":"10.1080/13698036.2019.1604248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698036.2019.1604248","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper discusses the teaching of infant observation to social workers. A brief literature review of publications about the relevance and application of infant observations to social work tasks is given. The relevance and application of infant observation to two specific social work tasks is considered: supervision of contact between Looked After infants and their birth parents; and assessment of parenting capacity where infants have been removed at birth and a decision has to be made about whether to return the infant to the birth parents or seek permanence (usually in the form of adoption). The innovation of running two short life infant observation groups for social workers undertaking each of these two professional tasks respectively is described. Anonymised infant observation extracts from a local authority social work Parenting Capacity Assessment Team are used to illustrate the learning process of the team in the course of undertaking infant observation training. The use and relevance of infant observation is explored with respect to four inter-related core professional tasks: observation; recording; analysis and comment; reporting. Finally, the specificity and uniqueness of psychoanalytic infant observation is discussed in relation to the added value it brings to professional practice.","PeriodicalId":38553,"journal":{"name":"Infant Observation","volume":"22 1","pages":"20 - 4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13698036.2019.1604248","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43900915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: RIOB-21-3","authors":"Trudy Klauber","doi":"10.1080/13698036.2018.1606542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698036.2018.1606542","url":null,"abstract":"We made an editorial decision earlier in the year that we would include two symposia of papers about work discussion which were given at the first International Work Discussion Conference in Vienna in 2016 and that these would form the bulk of two issues of Volume 21 leaving us with a relatively modestly sized third issue for the year. The papers which we have included in Volume 21-3 represent different aspects of the heritage of Esther Bick as it has spread to many parts of the world as well as within the UK. A paper entitled ‘Baby’s wellbeing, baby’s discomfort; what about the observer?’ is written by a group of authors from Nantes in western France. The paper looks at some lovely, detailed observation of two babies focusing on one occasion when the babies were clearly feeling at ease and on another where each baby was ‘in discomfort’. The authors look again at observation sequences and consider the baby’s feelings and those of the mother and of the observer. The discussion considers that what is observed and understood about the states of mind of mother and baby evolves through observation, then the process of writing notes, in which the observer is putting events and feelings into words, followed by developments when the material is presented and discussed with the seminar leader and other observers in the group. The authors suggest that wellbeing or discomfort refers to a process at work in both the mother and child relationship and in what the observer experiences, while observing, then writing notes and, finally in presenting the written record for discussion. In a paper for this journal published some years ago (Caron, Sobreira Lopes, Steibel, & Schneider Donelli, 2012) Nara Caron and Rita Sobreira Lopes consider the stages of ‘processing’ any observation in a similar way adding a fourth stage, that of writing and publishing. They consider that observation itself is first experienced in a predominantly sensory and solitary way in which the observer is exposed to a series of feelings which emerge again in the written report and then again in sharing the report with the group. The fourth, optional stage, is the publication of the material for dissemination and discussion to a much wider group and to contribute to research. Observing babies often puts the observer in touch with non-verbal, ‘primitive’ very unsettling feelings, which take time to describe in words and then to metabolise, using one’s own thinking self, and almost always with the support of others. It is accepted in the world of infant observation that observers need support, just as new parents do in order not to feel isolated and overwhelmed. The new observer, in parallel with the new parent, is in an unfamiliar and emotionally charged situation, responsible for the helpless baby, and, in turn, often feeling vulnerable and in need of care herself. While the observer is only present for an hour a week, this ‘new experience and new concept’ is quite overwhelming to many. Gurlee","PeriodicalId":38553,"journal":{"name":"Infant Observation","volume":"21 1","pages":"267 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13698036.2018.1606542","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48472290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘A new experience and a new concept’: a study on postgraduate students’ experiences of parent–infant observation","authors":"Gurleen Kaur Matharu, Alejandra Perez","doi":"10.1080/13698036.2019.1593876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698036.2019.1593876","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Parent–infant observations often bring about difficult emotional reactions for the observer. These difficulties form part of the learning experience and are often explored in the observer’s personal analysis and, to some extent, in the observation seminars. However, many postgraduate students are not in personal analysis and are carrying out observations for the first time. There has been little research exploring their experiences of conducting these observations and this study aims to better understand their thoughts and feelings. Six former students of postgraduate courses at the Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families run in conjunction with University College London were interviewed (four female and two male). A qualitative Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of the interviews revealed how the observation was experienced as a complex journey they felt was difficult to bear emotionally but, despite their struggles, they all indicated a great appreciation of this learning experience.","PeriodicalId":38553,"journal":{"name":"Infant Observation","volume":"21 1","pages":"284 - 302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13698036.2019.1593876","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43236525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"And the dance goes on … an account of an infant observation during which the observer herself became pregnant","authors":"Aileen Ogilvie Riley","doi":"10.1080/13698036.2019.1607528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698036.2019.1607528","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The paper is an account of an infant observation cut short because the observer herself became pregnant. The author describes a deep, but fluctuating anxiety present in the infant's mother, both initially, then with a recurrence during weaning. The infant's reaction to periods of maternal misattunement is explored with reference to Daniel Stern's concept of the ‘dance’ between mother and infant. The importance of both maternal sensitivity and perseverance, and the baby's resilience is considered; over time the ‘dance’ between mother and infant could evolve and become better attuned. The probable containing function of the observation is also recognised. The effects of the observer's pregnancy on the process are discussed, illustrating both mother's and baby's response to the news, which meant the observation was cut short. The author considers her countertransference in relation to picking up projections of mother's anxiety about being a new mother. Feeding is of central importance in containing mother's own anxiety, and weaning therefore becomes a focus of increased anxiety. The paper also highlights the tension placed on the observing role, particularly the difficulties encountered in maintaining empathic neutrality in the circumstances. References to other articles on the subject are included.","PeriodicalId":38553,"journal":{"name":"Infant Observation","volume":"21 1","pages":"303 - 314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13698036.2019.1607528","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59811784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baby’s well-being, baby’s discomfort; what about the observer?","authors":"Jean Marc Orjiubin, Claire le hénaff, M. Squillante, V. Taly","doi":"10.1080/13698036.2019.1591293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698036.2019.1591293","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The authors draw on detailed second readings of observation notes from two baby observations looking specifically at material where the babies were evidently either at ease or in discomfort. This review led to the choice of one observation of each state to re-examine one of discomfort in order to revisit each baby’s physical state and state of mind. The babies were discussed in separate observation seminars led by the same seminar leaders. There were three other observers in each seminar.","PeriodicalId":38553,"journal":{"name":"Infant Observation","volume":"21 1","pages":"270 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13698036.2019.1591293","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42450034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}