{"title":"Use of seawater as an accelerator in 3D printed concrete (3DPC)","authors":"Pawel Sikora , Sundar Rathnarajan , Karol Federowicz , Mateusz Techman , Hussein Al-kroom","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seawater (SW) is one of the viable alternatives to replace freshwater (FW) for producing concrete in regions facing extremely severe water stress. Seawater has high potential to be used as a set-on-demand accelerator among the other expensive materials being widely researched in additive manufacturing. The current study evaluated the progress of heat of hydration in 3DPC-FW and 3DPC-SW mixes using isothermal calorimetry. Furthermore, fresh and early-age properties of these mixes were studied using a flow table, manual shear vane, uniaxial unconfined compressive strength tests, and dynamic elastic modulus development. Strength development and shrinkage progress up to 28 days were evaluated. A detailed investigation reveals that an increase in compressive strength from the very first hours of hydration, a reduction in workability which could be compensated by modifying SP, and higher shrinkage were observed in SW-mixed 3DPC compared to the FW-mixed counterpart. Furthermore, the potential improvement in the speed of printing is highlighted in this study with 3DPC-SW mix demonstrating acceleration in early strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 137781"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Materials LettersPub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137774
Chin-Lung Cheng, Hong-Yuan Lin
{"title":"Physical properties of copper-doped molybdenum oxides for monocrystalline silicon solar cell applications","authors":"Chin-Lung Cheng, Hong-Yuan Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mo<sub>0.29</sub>Cu<sub>0.01</sub>O<sub>0.70</sub> exhibited a bandgap of 2.9 eV, a work function of 4.46 eV, and an energy level difference (E<sub>F</sub>-E<sub>V</sub>) of 0.97 eV. The study demonstrated that doping copper into molybdenum oxides (Mo<sub>x</sub>Cu<sub>y</sub>O<sub>z</sub>) in monocrystalline silicon solar cells (MSCs) increased the conversion efficiency from 20.5 % to 21.1 %. Additionally, the fixed oxide charge (Q<sub>f</sub>) of Mo<sub>0.29</sub>Cu<sub>0.01</sub>O<sub>0.70</sub> was −3.5 x 10<sup>13</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup>, which improved the back surface field. The proposed Mo<sub>x</sub>Cu<sub>y</sub>O<sub>z</sub> shows greater external quantum efficiency (EQE) enhancement than undoped MoO<sub>x</sub>, consistent with the improved Q<sub>f</sub> of Mo<sub>x</sub>Cu<sub>y</sub>O<sub>z</sub>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 137774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Materials LettersPub Date : 2024-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137768
Jin-Woo Han , Yu Sekiguchi , Kazumasa Shimamoto , Haruhisa Akiyama , Chiaki Sato
{"title":"Effect of rapid interfacial moisture penetration on moisture distribution within adhesive layers","authors":"Jin-Woo Han , Yu Sekiguchi , Kazumasa Shimamoto , Haruhisa Akiyama , Chiaki Sato","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we numerically calculated the moisture distribution through the thickness of the adhesive layer in an adhesive joint and considered rapid interfacial moisture diffusion. Additionally, the effects of the diffusion coefficient and layer thickness were investigated. An accurate understanding of moisture diffusion in adhesive joints is essential for enhancing their long-term performance and reliability, particularly in applications demanding high environmental durability. However, the moisture behavior near interfaces, which causes faster moisture penetration into the adhesive layer than into the bulk is still not clearly understood. In this study, a model was developed using the finite difference method, considering both bulk and interfacial diffusion properties. The diffusion coefficient near the interface was back-calculated using the experimentally measured moisture distribution in the adhesive layer, which revealed that the moisture distribution in the thickness direction was almost uniform for thin adhesive layers, and parabolic distribution became more pronounced as the adhesive layer became thicker.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 137768"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Materials LettersPub Date : 2024-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137770
Chunyu Wang , Jingwei Hu , Jinchen Zhang , Shuai Su , Yuping Sun , Lei Han
{"title":"The effect of the Zn layer on the microstructural evolution of Al/Cu composite material joints during friction stir spot welding","authors":"Chunyu Wang , Jingwei Hu , Jinchen Zhang , Shuai Su , Yuping Sun , Lei Han","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduced Zn interlayer at the Al/Cu interface to form an Al-Zn-Cu tri-layer composite joint. The growth of the interfacial layer was enhanced by the generation of the liquid phase with increasing rotational speed and heat input during the welding process. Among the phases formed in the Al-Zn-Cu joint, the Cu<sub>5</sub>Zn<sub>8</sub> phase exhibited the highest growth constant, making it the primary phase at the interface. The growth sequence of the Al<sub>2</sub>Cu phase was found to be between that of the Cu<sub>5</sub>Zn<sub>8</sub> and AlCu phases. As welding progressed, Al<sub>2</sub>Cu acted as an ‘anchor point’ for the subsequent formation of the AlCu phase and was gradually consumed in the process. No Al<sub>4</sub>Cu<sub>9</sub> phase was observed in the joint.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 137770"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Materials LettersPub Date : 2024-11-23DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137762
Guoying Li , Zhanqiang Liu , Bing Wang , Zhao Qian , Zongde Kou
{"title":"Magnetic property of tellurium-infiltrated Inconel 718: First-principles calculations and experimental validation","authors":"Guoying Li , Zhanqiang Liu , Bing Wang , Zhao Qian , Zongde Kou","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fission product element tellurium in fourth-generation molten salt reactors is the primary cause of cracking in nickel-based high-temperature alloy components. This paper reports the emergence and origin of magnetism in the tellurium-infiltrated Inconel 718. The source of magnetism is identified through first-principles calculations. The accuracy of the theoretical calculations is confirmed by comparative magnetic attraction experiments. It indicates that the primary source of magnetism after tellurium infiltration is the generation of Cr<sub>3</sub>Te<sub>4</sub> but not NiNbTe<sub>2</sub>. The magnetism generated by Cr<sub>3</sub>Te<sub>4</sub> provides an additional driving force for their clustering distribution. This study facilitates the understanding of the mechanisms behind crack formation in nickel-based alloy components and potential solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 137762"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Materials LettersPub Date : 2024-11-23DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137767
G.K. Kavi , B. Ravindran , K. Ravichandran , K. Thirumurugan , M. Varshini , S. Suvathi
{"title":"Combined influence of vanadium doping and rGO composite partnering on the photocatalytic ability of TiO2","authors":"G.K. Kavi , B. Ravindran , K. Ravichandran , K. Thirumurugan , M. Varshini , S. Suvathi","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nowadays, the presence of noxious organic azo dye molecules in the industrial effluents is a pervasive and significant global concern as it severely affects both human and ecological well-being. In this context, vanadium-doped titanium oxide/reduced graphene oxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>:V)/rGO nanocomposite was prepared using a soft-chemical method using <em>Cassia fistula</em> fruit pulp extract via green synthesis and its photocatalytic dye degradation ability was investigated against a cationic (Rhodamine-B (Rh-B)) and an anionic (Eosin Yellow (EY)) dye. The nanocomposite exhibits superior dye degrading efficiency of 95% and 97% for Rh-B and EY, respectively compared to TiO<sub>2</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub>:V, and rGO. The structural, morphological and surface elemental composition results confirm the formation of the nanocomposite. This nanocomposite TiO<sub>2</sub>:V/rGO can be used as a heterojunction photocatalyst for cost-effective dye waste removal and commercial dye detoxification processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 137767"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Materials LettersPub Date : 2024-11-23DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137764
Jiaojiao Liu , Ying Wu , Zhenbo Chen , Xiaoming Yu , Xuan Yu , Zhenhua Li , Hai Zhang , Yingtang Zhou , Jing Zhou , Yu Cao
{"title":"Modulation of Sb2Se3 longitudinal growth by CdCl2 treatment for high-performance photodetectors","authors":"Jiaojiao Liu , Ying Wu , Zhenbo Chen , Xiaoming Yu , Xuan Yu , Zhenhua Li , Hai Zhang , Yingtang Zhou , Jing Zhou , Yu Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimony selenide (Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>) has attracted much attention in photodetectors (PDs) for its abundant reserves, low toxicity, low price, and high absorption coefficient. While the PDs performance has been limited by the transverse growth pattern of Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>. In this study, CdCl<sub>2</sub>-treated SnO<sub>2</sub> electron transport layer (ETL) substrate has been used to grow Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>, which induces the preferential growth of Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> along the (002) direction, and the grains are transformed from transverse to longitudinal. This enhanced carrier mobility, resulted in improved photocurrent (0.489 mA), responsivity (70 mA W<sup>−1</sup>), and specific detectivity (9.29 × 10<sup>13</sup> Jones) than the pristine device, which is enhanced by 18, 17, and 8 times, respectively. The results indicate that the CdCl<sub>2</sub> treatment effectively optimizes the SnO<sub>2</sub> ETL interfacial properties and regulates the longitudinal growth of Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> grains, which guides the further development of Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> PDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 137764"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Materials LettersPub Date : 2024-11-23DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137765
Nguyen Van Tu , Tran Van Hau , Nguyen Duc Chung , Do Tuan , Nguyen Van Hao , Feodor A. Grigoriev , Nikolai K. Myshkin , Dzmitry M. Gutsev , Uladzimir G. Kudrytski , Doan Dinh Phuong , Phan Ngoc Minh , Pham Van Trinh
{"title":"Preparation, thermal and lubricant properties of paraffin based nanofluid containing boron nitride nanoplatelets","authors":"Nguyen Van Tu , Tran Van Hau , Nguyen Duc Chung , Do Tuan , Nguyen Van Hao , Feodor A. Grigoriev , Nikolai K. Myshkin , Dzmitry M. Gutsev , Uladzimir G. Kudrytski , Doan Dinh Phuong , Phan Ngoc Minh , Pham Van Trinh","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, high thermal conductivity and good lubrication paraffin based nanofluid containing boron nitride nanoplatelets (BNNP) were prepared by ultrasonication method. The BNNP prepared by chemical assisted ball milling with size ranging from 400 nm to 1 µm were dispersed in paraffin oil to obtain nanofluid. The thermal conductivity of nanofluids is much improved compared to paraffin oil and paraffin oil containing as-received hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). Besides, the nanofluid containing 0.1 % BNNP exhibited an enhancement in lubricant with 71 % reduction in coefficient of friction compared to paraffin. This is attributed to the good lubricant, nanosizes of BNNP compared to as-received hBN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 137765"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Materials LettersPub Date : 2024-11-23DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137721
Xueqi Bai , Shihang Li , Jiayang Yang , Ying Lu , Rong Li , Jianbo Song , Xiudong Guo
{"title":"Curcumin modified Fe3O4 with efficient SDT for the treatment of breast cancer","authors":"Xueqi Bai , Shihang Li , Jiayang Yang , Ying Lu , Rong Li , Jianbo Song , Xiudong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a non-invasive anti-tumor strategy with good efficacy, strong penetration and few side effects. However, the microenvironment of tumor hypoxia and high expression of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) limits the efficiency of SDT. In this work, we have prepared a ultrasound-enhanced anti-tumor material by hydrothermal method, and the nanomaterials with optimal catalytic ability are identified by controlling the quality of curcumin (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Cur). The Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Cur is not only capable of generating ROS by ultrasound excitation, but also generates ROS by the Fenton reaction with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, and the SDT effect of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Cur is further enhanced. Under ultrasound stimulation, the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Cur can effectively kill the breast cancer cells within 15 min. This work provides a new idea for the treatment of breast cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 137721"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Materials LettersPub Date : 2024-11-23DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137763
Qipeng Yin , Song Gao , Lei Shi , Junnan Qiao , Yuankun Jing , Wei Zhao , Sachin Kumar
{"title":"Enhanced material flow and joint formation of FSWed AA2024 by using protruding cylinder tool","authors":"Qipeng Yin , Song Gao , Lei Shi , Junnan Qiao , Yuankun Jing , Wei Zhao , Sachin Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matlet.2024.137763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The optimization mechanism of the protruding cylinder on the modified tool for the performance of friction stir welding (FSW) joints in 2024 aluminum alloy was investigated. The results indicate that the presence of a protruding cylinder on the modified tool significantly improves the surface quality of the weld, increases the width and area of the weld nugget zone(WNZ), and refines the grain size. Additionally, the size of the precipitated phases is reduced, and their distribution becomes more uniform, which in turn enhances the tensile strength and hardness of the joint. Furthermore, the presence of a protruding cylinder facilitated material flow, stabilized the welding process, and contributed to the formation of uniform welds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":384,"journal":{"name":"Materials Letters","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 137763"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}