Agronomia ColombianaPub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.108664
Gabriel Fornaciari, Rodrigo Amaro de Salles, Evandro Chaves de Oliveira, Mylena da Silva Gomes, Edinei José Armani Borghi, Marta Cristina Teixeira Leite, Ramon Amaro de Sales, Robson Prucoli Posse
{"title":"Calibration of alternative equations to estimate the reference evapotranspiration in Nova Venécia, Espírito Santo, Brazil","authors":"Gabriel Fornaciari, Rodrigo Amaro de Salles, Evandro Chaves de Oliveira, Mylena da Silva Gomes, Edinei José Armani Borghi, Marta Cristina Teixeira Leite, Ramon Amaro de Sales, Robson Prucoli Posse","doi":"10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.108664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.108664","url":null,"abstract":"The estimation of the reference evapotranspiration is fundamental in defining irrigation projects. However, an estimation using the standard equation requires climate variables that are difficult to measure and are not very accessible. Thus, the objective of this study was to calibrate and validate alternative methods to estimate evapotranspiration that use simple variables and to compare performance with the standard Penman-Monteith method for the municipality of Nova Venécia, Espírito Santo, Brazil. For this, a 12-year time series (2008-2019) of meteorological data from the Instituto Nacional de Meteorología was used. The standard FAO-56 Penman–Monteith method was used to evaluate alternative methods: Hargreaves and Samani, Benevides and Lopes, Linacre, Hamon and Camargo. Method performance was analyzed by correlation coefficient, Willmott index, root mean square of normalized error, and performance index. Calibration improved the statistical indices, increasing the performance of the Hargreaves and Samani, Benevides and Lopes, and Linacre methods to “very good” in the rainy season and to “intermediate” in the dry season. They were superior to the Hamon and Camargo methods, which continued to show “tolerable” to “very poor” performance in both periods.","PeriodicalId":38464,"journal":{"name":"Agronomia Colombiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135992236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of genotype-environment interaction on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) germination, vigor index, and seed yield","authors":"Rubén-Alfredo Valencia-Ramírez, Yuli Stephani Tibocha-Ardila","doi":"10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.108748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.108748","url":null,"abstract":"The adverse edaphoclimatic conditions in the Orinoquía region affect the soybean crop cycle, deteriorating seed quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the genotype (G), the environment (E), and their interaction (GxE) on the yield and seed quality of six soybean varieties (Corpoica Superior 6, Orinoquía 3, Soyica P34, Corpoica Taluma 5, and Agrosavia Primavera 11 of Colombian origin and Barreira of Brazilian origin) in five environments of the Orinoquía Colombia region, two in the second half of 2020 (LIBB: La Libertad and TALB: Taluma) and three in the first half of 2021 (LIBA: La Libertad, TALA: Taluma, and LEONAS), to determine their adaptation domain. Highly significant differences (P<0.01) were observed between G, E, and GxE for germination (GER) and seed yield (SY). A similar situation was shown by the vigor index (VI), although without differences between environments. The GGE biplot for GER, and SY separated environments by year halves. Taluma during the first half was the most discriminating environment for the response variables, useful for genetic breeding programs with a seed quality approach. Only in La Libertad during the second half was GER above 80%. The most stable variety per environment was Soyica P34 in two response variables, and the best with specific adaptation were Corpoica Superior 6 and Orinoquía 3. These last two reached higher average values in GER (69.6%; 63.1%), VI (13.3; 13.4), and SY (1473 kg ha-1; 1404 kg ha-1).","PeriodicalId":38464,"journal":{"name":"Agronomia Colombiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135992235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agronomia ColombianaPub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.108640
Manuel De Luna, María Jordán Hernández
{"title":"First record of Melophagus ovinus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) for Nuevo Leon, Mexico","authors":"Manuel De Luna, María Jordán Hernández","doi":"10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.108640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.108640","url":null,"abstract":"The sheep ked Melophagus ovinus (Diptera: Hippoboscidae: Lipopteninae), an ectoparasite of the domestic sheep Ovis aries (Artiodactyla: Bovidae: Caprinae), was recorded for the first time in Nuevo Leon, Mexico. This dipteran has a cosmopolitan distribution, likely found wherever its preferred host is present. Records of this parasite in Mexico are scarce and dispersed throughout the literature.","PeriodicalId":38464,"journal":{"name":"Agronomia Colombiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135992237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agronomia ColombianaPub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.108351
Gerhard Fischer, Fanor Casierra-Posada, Michael Blanke
{"title":"Impact of waterlogging on fruit crops in the era of climate change, with emphasis on tropical and subtropical species: A review","authors":"Gerhard Fischer, Fanor Casierra-Posada, Michael Blanke","doi":"10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.108351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.108351","url":null,"abstract":"Incidents of flooding in tropical and subtropical fruit trees have increased as a result of climate change. Because of flooding, the anaerobic conditions of the rhizosphere increase the conditions for phytotoxicity and infection by pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Due to oxygen depletion in waterlogged soils, growth, functions of the roots and of the entire plant are impaired. The decrease in the photosynthetic rate is considerable because of the reduced functional leaf area because of chlorosis, necrosis, leaf drop and stomatal closure, as well as chlorophyll degradation. Plants have developed different morphological, physiological, and biochemical adaptations to survive hypoxic stress. Some fruit trees form an aerenchyma in roots for the diffusion of oxygen from the aerial parts. Induced aerenchyma-containing adventitious roots, rapidly elongate stems into deeply flooded soils; or they form hypertrophied lenticels, like some mango varieties. Measures for better adaptations and tolerance of tropical fruit trees to climatic impact include the following: adaptations of the cultivated terrain, selection of varieties, rootstocks more tolerant to hypoxic stress, pruning to reestablish the balance of the aerial part/roots, and foliar applications (e.g., of glycine betaine or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)). Mycorrhizal colonization of roots can increase tolerance to waterlogging, while the application of fertilizers, such as CaO or MgO, can improve the redox potential of flooded soils. We present results of studies on this problem for the following fruits: yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) and purple passion fruit (P. edulis f. edulis), cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana), lulo or naranjilla (Solanum quitoense), tree tomato (Solanum betaceum), citrus (Citrus spp.), guava (Psidium guajava), papaya (Carica papaya), and mango (Mangifera indica).","PeriodicalId":38464,"journal":{"name":"Agronomia Colombiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136240816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agronomia ColombianaPub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.107376
Thais Lemos Turek, Marcos Cardoso Martins Júnior, Luís Sangoi, Rodrigo Kandler, Vander De Liz Oliveira, Hugo François Kuneski, Antônio Eduardo Coelho, Laura Alievi Tirelli, José Fernando Márquez
{"title":"Defoliation tolerance of soybean cultivars commercially released in different decades","authors":"Thais Lemos Turek, Marcos Cardoso Martins Júnior, Luís Sangoi, Rodrigo Kandler, Vander De Liz Oliveira, Hugo François Kuneski, Antônio Eduardo Coelho, Laura Alievi Tirelli, José Fernando Márquez","doi":"10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.107376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.107376","url":null,"abstract":"Breeding programs have increased the precocity and yield potential of modern soybean cultivars. Such changes may have altered the crop tolerance to defoliation due to the smaller leaf area of modern cultivars. The objective of this study was to determine the tolerance to defoliation of soybean cultivars commercialized in Brazil in different decades, their photosynthetic efficiency and the relationship between photosynthetic efficiency and tolerance to defoliation in the reproductive phase. The experiment was set in a greenhouse with controlled humidity and temperature, in the municipality of Lages, Santa Catarina State, South of Brazil, during the growing season of 2018/2019. A randomized block design was used, with treatments arranged in a 5×5 factorial scheme. The first factor was composed of five soybean cultivars released in different years: Davis (1968), Paraná (1974), BR-16 (1985), FT Abyara (1991), and Brasmax Elite IPRO (2014). The second factor consisted of five levels of defoliation applied in stage R3: 0, 16.6, 33.3, 50.0, and 66.6%. Leaf area, photosynthetic activity parameters, grain yield and its components were determined. Brasmax Elite IPRO had the lowest grain yield per plant and did not increase yield compared to older cultivars, regardless of defoliation level. There were no significant differences in photosynthetic efficiency or defoliation tolerance between the modern cultivar Brasmax Elite IPRO and the old cultivars Davis, Paraná, BR-16, and FT Abyara.","PeriodicalId":38464,"journal":{"name":"Agronomia Colombiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134931842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agronomia ColombianaPub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.106390
Mostafa Koozehgar Kaleji, Mohammad Reza Ardakani, Sheida Khoshniat
{"title":"Inoculation with mycorrhiza and Azotobacter chroococcum affects the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Eryngium caeruleum at different planting densities","authors":"Mostafa Koozehgar Kaleji, Mohammad Reza Ardakani, Sheida Khoshniat","doi":"10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.106390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.106390","url":null,"abstract":"Eryngium caeruleum is a perennial native plant that grows under diverse climatic conditions of Iran. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal and Azotobacter inoculation on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of E. caeruleum at various planting densities. Factors included three levels of plant density (10×30 cm, 20×30 cm, and 30×30 cm), two levels of seed inoculation with Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) fungi (inoculation with Glomus mosseae and without inoculation), and two levels of seed inoculation with Azotobacter chroococcum (with and without inoculation). The application of VAM fungi and A. chrooroccum significantly affected the measured traits. The interaction effect of plant density×mycorrhizal application and plant density×Azotobacter application on dry leaf weight was significant at a 1% level. The total leaf dry weight for the VAM treatments at a 30×30 cm plant density was 2.93 g. Also, the application of mycorrhizal fungus increased the essential oil percentage, the essential oil yield, and phosphorus concentration in the aerial organs by 132.68%, 100%, and 137.5%, respectively, compared to the control treatment. The simultaneous application of A. chroococcum and VAM improved the quantity and quality of the yield components of E. caeruleum by increasing the availability of mineral nutrients","PeriodicalId":38464,"journal":{"name":"Agronomia Colombiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135308267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agronomia ColombianaPub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.107281
Diana María Sánchez Olaya, Manuel Francisco Romero Ospina, Wilson Sandoval Rodríguez, Karen Tatiana Rivera Ramírez, Eliana Liseth Suaza García
{"title":"Evaluation of the growth of maize in monoculture and when associated with peanuts and cassava in the Colombian Amazon","authors":"Diana María Sánchez Olaya, Manuel Francisco Romero Ospina, Wilson Sandoval Rodríguez, Karen Tatiana Rivera Ramírez, Eliana Liseth Suaza García","doi":"10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.107281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.107281","url":null,"abstract":"Crop associations are widely recognized as a highly beneficial strategy for agriculture. By combining different crops, optimal production is achieved while minimizing the spread of pests and diseases. This practice offers numerous benefits by allowing maximum utilization of space and mutual adaptation of associated species. It is important to emphasize that crop association is oriented towards the mutual advantage of the species involved, thus guaranteeing favorable results for each of them. In this sense, the behavior of maize growth rates was evaluated in a completely randomized block design with four treatments: maize monoculture; maize and peanut association; maize and cassava association; and maize, peanut, and cassava association. The following variables were evaluated: net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area index (LAI), relative growth rate (RGR), leaf area ratio (LAR), absolute growth rate (AGR), and leaf area duration (LAD). The association of maize and cassava obtained the highest values NAR (0.002 g cm-2 d-1) and RGR (0.15 g g-1 d-1) compared to the monoculture (0.001 g cm-2 d-1 and 0.08 g g-1 d-1). This happened because maize presented higher leaf production during the vegetative growth stage indicating the physiological efficiency of maize when associated with cassava.","PeriodicalId":38464,"journal":{"name":"Agronomia Colombiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135308268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agronomia ColombianaPub Date : 2023-06-14DOI: 10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.107763
Carlos Armando Rivera Moreno, Aquiles Enrique Darghan Contreras
{"title":"Development of a web application for the resource management in the course “Cycle 2: Execution of production project” at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá","authors":"Carlos Armando Rivera Moreno, Aquiles Enrique Darghan Contreras","doi":"10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.107763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n2.107763","url":null,"abstract":"The development of online tools has provided solutions to different activities, including academia. The Agronomy program at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia has updated its competency-based teaching approaches by encouraging the development and application of computational tools for analysis, modeling, and interpretation of data. A registration and follow-up system was chosen to automate tasks in the course “Cycle 2: Execution of production project” developed at the university farm (Marengo Agricultural Center), where technical, financial, and administrative variables inherent to the selected crop must be managed with monitoring and support by teachers and monitors. The aim of this research was to develop a web application for the academic-administrative management of certain components. This was mainly developed with Python and a PostgreSQL database. As an open resource, the app was hosted on GitHub and, for user access, it was hosted on PythonAnywhere. The Alpha version was validated by several students and academic staff involved in the course. The development of a web application consisting of three administrative modules was achieved and included an inventory management of supplies, machinery, and available tools; the allocation and management of the schedule of activities and list of requests, and the tracking of resource use through project costs. The web application is simple to execute, and its use will adjust the relevant processes of the productive projects of Cycle 2.","PeriodicalId":38464,"journal":{"name":"Agronomia Colombiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136016670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agronomia ColombianaPub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n1.104450
Juan Pablo Bernal Moreno, Nohra Rodríguez
{"title":"Responses of landraces and commercial cultivars of yellow passion fruit to the prevalence of Fusarium oxysporum","authors":"Juan Pablo Bernal Moreno, Nohra Rodríguez","doi":"10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n1.104450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n1.104450","url":null,"abstract":"Yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) is a fruit of high economic potential in Colombia, but the prevalence of some diseases often makes growers stop cultivating it. Also, varieties´ tolerance against some pathogens that have high prevalence in Colombia have not been released. The objective of this study was to contribute to the characterization of 63 populations of yellow passion fruit, including 46 cultivars and 17 landraces. The plants were evaluated using morphoagronomic descriptors (leaves, flowers, and fruits) as well as ecophysiological parameters (stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, and degree of chlorosis) evaluated against the 21-02129 strain of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from purple passion fruit (gulupa, in Spanish). Results showed low levels of germination (55% landraces and 50% cultivars). The landraces populations showed greater morphological variability and greater tolerance to the pathogen expressed by the chlorophyll concentration from intact leaf samples on 28 d post inoculation (dpi) (landraces: 458±108 μmol m-2 and cultivars: 411±125 μmol m-2) and stomatal conductance (landraces: 90.8±14.9 mmol m-2 s-1 and cultivars: 87.1±34.1 mmol m-2s-1). The study revealed a good potential for tolerance to this pathogen in landraces, so it is necessary to carry out research aimed at preserving this diversity in situ and ex situ as well as a continuous analysis of these populations.","PeriodicalId":38464,"journal":{"name":"Agronomia Colombiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135802457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agronomia ColombianaPub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n1.106936
Julian David Rodriguez-Ruiz, Eduardo Rodríguez-Sandoval, María Soledad Hernández
{"title":"Influence of modified cassava starch on the physicochemical properties of a fermented soybean beverage","authors":"Julian David Rodriguez-Ruiz, Eduardo Rodríguez-Sandoval, María Soledad Hernández","doi":"10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n1.106936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v41n1.106936","url":null,"abstract":"Fermented soybean beverages are an alternative for improving intestinal health, and fermentation reduces the anti-nutritional factors of this legume. However, they do show high syneresis and low viscosity. Modified cassava starches could be added as a thickener and/or stabilizer to improve the quality of the product. The aim of this research was to assess the effect of adding modified cassava starch on the physicochemical properties of a fermented soybean beverage. Preliminary tests were carried out varying the concentration (0.8%, 1.0%, and 1.2%) of 3 types of modified cassava starch: octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA), acetylated distarch adipate (ADA) cross-linked starch, and substituted-crosslinked starch (mixed). A commercial culture of starter microorganisms and probiotics was used in the fermentation process. The statistical analysis was carried out with a two-factor (type of starch and concentration) and 3-level design; quality parameters such as pH, acidity, soluble solids, syneresis, and viscosity comparable to commercial fermented dairy beverages were evaluated. OSA starch had a lower syneresis and higher viscosity than the other starches for each concentration. Furthermore, the addition of 1.0% OSA and mixed starch, as well as 1.2% ADA starch, are comparable to the control commercial soybean beverage (SC).","PeriodicalId":38464,"journal":{"name":"Agronomia Colombiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135802333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}