Journal of Palaeosciences最新文献

{"title":"Palynology of Cenozoic successions of Kerala Basin: a review from the perspective of biostratigraphy and palaeoclimatic studies","authors":"P. Verma, A. Singh","doi":"10.54991/jop.2018.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2018.51","url":null,"abstract":"The Kerala Basin is only onshore opportunity to study Cenozoic palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment of southwest India encompassing Neogene global events such as Mid Miocene Climate Optimum (MMCO) and even older times of Palaeogene. The global warming during ~17–15 Ma (MMCO), enhanced annual surface temperature 3–4° C higher than the present, is equivalent to the warming predicted for the next century. Since the palaeogeographical and other general conditions have not been much changed from the Miocene Period, Neogene palaeoclimate of Kerala Basin can be considered as a possible analogue for future climate. Many workers have studied the Cenozoic sedimentary successions of surface and subsurface for stratigraphic classification of the rocks, but still, discrepancy persists in the chronostratigraphic relationship in sedimentary successions. The palynological investigations have also been limited mainly to palynofloral and palaeoecological inferences except a few in which palynostratigraphy, correlation and age have been attempted on the basis of spore–pollen only. Major three Cenozones namely, Triangulorites bellus and Crassoretitriletes vanraadshooveni (Eocene–Oligocene) and Malvacearumpollis bakonyensis (Miocene) have been established. The palynological studies done in the region broadly suggest warm and humid climate with heavy rainfall. However, the recent quantitative studies have highlighted the complexity of palaeoclimatic evolution in the tropics in terms of monsoon. A time–constrained quantitative palaeovegetation and palaeoclimate reconstructions on the basis of palynology is required for evaluation of response and changes in the tropical flora of northwestern India across the major climate events. For that, the biostratigraphy of finer resolution based on systematic and integrated multi–biotic proxy is needed to establish an age model for these sedimentary successions.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129798399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palynostratigraphy and palaeoenvironment of the Permian sediments in Mand Coalfield, Mahanadi Basin, Chhattisgarh, India","authors":"Saurabh Gautam, M. Das, B. Behera","doi":"10.54991/jop.2018.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2018.57","url":null,"abstract":"Palynological investigation of 483.00 m deep subsurface Permian sediments of borehole MSK–1, in Sithra–Kurekela Block of Mand Coalfield, revealed four distinct palynoassemblage zones. These palynoassemblages belong to Lower and Upper Barakar (Early Permian), Barren Measures and Raniganj (Late Permian) palynofloras of Indian Gondwana. The oldest Palynoassemblage–I, (Scheuringipollenites barakarensis) recorded between 483.60–309.00 m depths, shows dominance of non–striate bisaccate pollen grains chiefly ― Scheuringipollenites followed by Faunipollenites in association with Indotriradites, Dentatispora, Verrucosispora and Microbaculispora related to Lower Barakar palynoflora. Palynoassemblage–II, (Faunipollenites varius) recorded between 303.40–139.40 m depths, showing the dominance of Faunipollenitesin association with Scheuringipollenites, Striatopodocarpites, Brevitriletes, Horriditriletes and Striamonosaccites, indicates Upper Barakar palynoflora. Palynoassemblage–III, (Densipollenites indicus) recorded between 135.55 to 92.50 m depths, showing the prominence of enveloping monosaccate pollen (Densipollenites) in association with Faunipollenites, Microfoveolatispora, Striatopodocarpites and Verticipollenites, indicates Barren Measures palynoflora. Palynoassemblage–IV, (Densipollenites magnicorpus) recorded between 90.90–27.00 m depths, is characterized by the dominance of striate bisaccate pollen taxa chiefly Striatopodocarpites and Faunipollenites along with Densipollenites, Navalesporites, Distriatites, Hamiapollenites, Crescentipollenites and Guttulapollenites indicating late Permian (Raniganj) age. Raniganj palynoflora has been demarcated in lithologically designated Barren Measures Formation. This is the first report of Late Permian (Raniganj) palynoflora from Sithra–Kurekela area of this coalfield. The age correlation also gets support from comparative studies with similar palynoassemblages known from Indian Gondwana. Palynofloral evidences indicate the prevalence of warm and humid conditions. Dominance of gymnosperms represented by glossopterids, conifers and cordaites along with low percentage of trilete spores (filicopsids and sphenopsids) suggests that the sediments were deposited under fresh to brackish water environment.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114749307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some new fossil woods from the Cuddalore Sandstone of south India","authors":"N. Awasthi, R. Mehrotra, A. Shukla","doi":"10.54991/jop.2018.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2018.46","url":null,"abstract":"Five petrified woods showing affinities with Hopea of the family Dipterocarpaceae, Berrya of Malvaceae, Eucalyptus of Myrtaceae and Diospyros of Ebenaceae are systematically described from the Cuddalore Sandstone Formation exposed near Puducherry, Tamil Nadu. Among them, four are new species, namely Hopenium tertiarum sp. nov., Berryoxylon cuddalorensis gen. et sp. nov., Eucalyptoxylon cuddalorensis sp. nov. and Ebenoxylon cuddalorensis sp. nov. Their modern counterparts indicate the existence of wet evergreen forests in the region during the depositional period. However, most of the modern comparable forms of the fossils are absent from the region today and found in the Western Ghats and northeast India having equable climate thereby indicating a change in the climatic conditions in the eastern coast of south India since the late Cenozoic.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"325 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116826184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A technique for the extraction of palynomorphs from the Eocene amber","authors":"P. Verma","doi":"10.54991/jop.2018.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2018.58","url":null,"abstract":"Amber is fossilized form of resin produced as the metabolic exudates from plants that serve defensive and protective biological purposes as well as other ecological functions. By virtue of excellent preservation potential of the amber, a diverse array of biota in extraordinarily pristine condition was recovered within the fossilized resins from Cambay Basin. In the present study, a new extraction method has been devised to retrieve palynomorphs from the early Eocene Vastan amber, Cambay Basin, Gujarat. The method was found useful for the extraction of organic matter and better yield of spore–pollen. The extracted significant palynomorphs such as Dipterocarpuspollenites retipilatus, Myrtaceidites spp., Ctenolophonidites costatus, Polygalacidites spp. demonstrate excellent preservation and clear morphological features as observed in modern ones. This method has provided a new dimension to study the palynofloral diversity and other ecological associations of the amber produced in tropical rainforest ecosystem in low latitude during the early Paleogene warming.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133411497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New fossil leaves of Annonaceae and Achariaceae from Churia Group of Nepal and their phytogeographical implications","authors":"M. Prasad, S. Gautam, Nupur Bhowmik, Sanjeev Kumar, S. Singh","doi":"10.54991/jop.2018.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2018.47","url":null,"abstract":"Study on the fossil leaves recovered from Churia Group of Arjun Khola area, western Nepal revealed the occurrence of five new fossil species, four belonging to the family Annonaceae and one to Achariaceae. The analysis of present day distribution of the comparable extant species, Unona longiflora Roxb., Annona reticulata Linn., Goniothalamus macranthus (Kurz) Boerlage, Artabotrys speciosus Kurz and Ryparosa caesia Blume ex Baill of fossils indicates that they do not grow in and around the study area as well as sub–Himalayan zone of India and Nepal but are presently distributed in the evergreen forests of north–east and south India and South–east Asian region. This suggests that after Miocene these taxa could not survive there most probably due to onset of drier conditions. Based on the data available the phytogeographical aspect of these fossil taxa of both the families has also been discussed.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"154 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131387091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemistry of coal–bearing Permo−Triassic strata in Allan Hills, South Victoria Land, Antarctica: Implications for palaeoclimate","authors":"S. Pandita, N. Siddaiah, R. Tewari, S. Chatterjee, Deepa Agnihotri","doi":"10.54991/jop.2018.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2018.50","url":null,"abstract":"Major, trace and rare earth element (REE) geochemistry has been carried out in this paper to characterize source–rock weathering and climatic variability of the late Permian Weller Formation and the late Triassic Lashly Formation of Gondwana sequences which have yielded rich record of plant mega–and micro fossils associated with coal beds in post–glacial conditions in Allan Hills of South Victoria Land, Antarctica. The geochemistry suggests dominantly a felsic provenance with a volcanogenic input and role of weathering and hydrothermal alteration. The palaeoclimatic interpretation derived from geochemical analysis indicates warm, temperate and humid conditions during the late Permian, and warm and humid conditions during the late Triassic.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125451639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latest Maastrichtian palaeoclimatic and depositional environmental perturbations, a record from Micula prinsii Zone of Meghalaya, northeastern India","authors":"A. Singh","doi":"10.54991/jop.2018.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2018.49","url":null,"abstract":"A significant latest Maastrichtian calcareous nannofossil assemblage is recorded from the exposed section near Syndai Village, Meghalaya. A total of twenty two samples from sedimentary succession consisting of shales and sandy shales, calcareous at places, were studied; out of which ten samples were found productive in terms of calcareous nannofossils recovery. The presence of Micula prinsii in all the productive samples along with the other latest Maastrichtian nanno taxa suggests that the assemblage belongs to Micula prinsii Zone and well correlates with the CC26b Zone of Perch Nielsen and UC20dTP Zone of Burnett which are an amalgamation of old and new biozonation schemes from a range of palaeolatitudes and biogeographic provinces from both oceanic and shelf palaeoenvironments. Micula prinsii Perch–Nielsen, the latest Maastrichtian marker all over the globe, is recorded from both deep–sea sections and shelf areas. It is most evolved form of the genus Micula and got extinct just before K– Pg boundary. The Micula prinsii Zone is marked by the first occurrence of Micula prinsii to the last occurrence of unreworked, non–survivor Cretaceous taxa. In the present study, cluster analysis envisaged the palaeodepositional environmental changes within the Micula prinsii Zone in northeastern India. In the lower part of the section, the abundance of Micula concava and Micula staurophora with the increased numbers of Watznaueria barnesiae indicates environmentally stressful conditions with low productivity in surface water. However, in the upper part the increased numbers of Calculites obscurus with the decrease in Micula concava and Micula staurophora abundance indicates relatively increased productivity in surface water in marginal marine depositional environment.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125849847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palynostratigraphy and correlation of the coal bearing Gondwana sediments in the Kothagudem sub basin of the Godavari Graben, South India","authors":"N. Aggarwal, Shreya Mishra, N. Jha, P.V. Shankar Rao","doi":"10.54991/jop.2018.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2018.53","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation deals with the palynology of five sections from the Kothagudem sub–basin of the Godavari Graben, India to unravel the biostratigraphy and palaeovegetation. The palynological analysis in the five sections of Rampur, Hemchandrapuram and Kothagudem areas revealed the presence of Karharbari (Palynozone–I), lower Barakar (Palynozone–II) and Raniganj (Palynozone–III) equivalent palynofloras in lithologically designated Barakar Formation. Palynozone–I is dominated by cordaitalean radial monosaccate pollen grains (Parasaccites spp., Plicatipollenites spp.) and trilete spores (Callumispora spp.) which represent colder climatic conditions. Palynozone–II is chiefly dominated by non–striate bisaccate (Scheuringipollenites spp. and Ibisporites spp.) and striate bisaccate (Faunipollenites spp., Striatopodocarpites spp.) grains of conifer and glossopterid origin indicating presence of peat–forming plants and conducive climatic condition for the coal formation. Palynozone–III is mainly dominated by striate bisaccate pollen grains of glossopterid origin along with conifer (Faunipollenites spp., Striatopodocarpites spp., Crescentipollenites spp.) and peltasperm (Falcisporites spp., Chordasporites spp.) pollen grains representing hot and humid conditions. Palynozone–III is characterized by the dominance of striate bisaccate taxa along with stratigraphically significant palynomorphs (Corisaccites sp., Guttulapollenites sp., Lunatisporites sp., Chordasporites sp., Falcisporites sp., etc.). On the basis of palynofloral composition Palynozone–I, II and III have been assigned to the Sakmarian (upper Karharbari), Artinskian (lower Barakar) and Lopingian (Late Permian) age respectively.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128540546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary study of the modern pollen of Tripura, Northeast India","authors":"Nivedita Mehrotra, Santosh K. Shah","doi":"10.54991/jop.2018.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2018.45","url":null,"abstract":"The vegetation distribution in Tripura, Northeast India was studied from the modern pollen assemblages at various sites in the region. Sediment samples and moss cushions were collected along transects from North to South Tripura to assess the modern pollen taxa dominant in the region. A number of taxa showing a modern day distribution of moist deciduous mixed vegetation dominant in Tripura were observed in the modern pollen data. Statistical significance of the modern–pollen data was verified using one–way ANOVA technique. Despite the limited pollen taxa recorded in the surface samples the analysis proved the potential of the pollen data and scope for future palynological studies. The impact of anthropogenic activity is clearly visible through the low sample yield and presence of taxa such as Poaceae, Amaranthaceae, Solanaceae, etc. Other factors such as entomophilous tendency and/or low yield of pollen in tropical plants, excessive rainfall, sediment distribution and jhum cultivation could contribute to the lack of pollen preservation in the region.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"399 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131930302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palynomorphs from the Barakar Formation of Dhanpuri Open Cast Mine, Sohagpur Coalfield, Madhya Pradesh, India","authors":"Deepa Agnihotri, S. Pillai, N. Aggarwal, R. Tewari, A. Jasper, D. Uhl","doi":"10.54991/jop.2018.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2018.56","url":null,"abstract":"Well preserved palynomorphs from the Barakar Formation of Dhanpuri Open Cast Mine, Sohagpur Coalfield, Shahdol District, Madhya Pradesh are reported for the first time. The palynomorphs include megaspores and spores/pollen grains. Dispersed megaspores are represented by 6 genera and 13 species comprising Banksisporites indicus, B. utkalensis, Banksisporites sp., Barakarella shuklae, Barakarella sp., Biharisporites sp. Bokarosporites rotundus, Bokarosporites sp., Jhariatriletes baculosus, Jhariatriletes sp., Talchirella flavata, T. trivedii and Talchirella sp. The microspore assemblage shows dominance of monosaccate pollen grains namely Parasaccites obscures, P. korbaensis and Plicatipollenites indicus, along with sub–dominance of non–striate bisaccate taxa Scheuringipollenites barakarensis and S. maximus. Other palynomorphs include trilete Callumispora barakarensis, striate bisaccate pollen grains Faunipollenites sp. and Striatopodocarpites multistriatus, non striate bisaccate genera Ibisporites diplosaccus and Platysaccus ovatus, along with Tiwariasporis gondwanensis and Vitreisporites sp.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"37 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120913478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}