Journal of Palaeosciences最新文献

{"title":"Higher plants and miospore assemblage of Burtnieki Regional Stage (Givetian) of South Estonia","authors":"A. Jurina, M. Raskatova","doi":"10.54991/jop.2018.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2018.44","url":null,"abstract":"The flora of Joosu Quarry (Estonia) is additionally studied from the deposits of Abava Member of Givetian Burtnieki Regional Stage. Its systematic composition has been expanded to four species instead of the previously known single species. The predominance of representatives of Pseudosporochnus and presence of single lycopsid is reported. The diagnostic features of Pseudosporochnus species are revealed and the specific composition of this genus is inspected. Spores from sporangia of Pseudosporochnus for the first time along with the miospore assemblage from the deposits of Abava Member, containing plants are allocated and illustrated. The age of Abava Member deposits is determined by macroflora as the possible Lower Givetian. Dispersed miospores allowed us to take Abava Member to the Geminospora extensa (EX) Zone which corresponds to the modern view the lower and middle parts of Givetian.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130544786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kerogen typing using palynofacies analysis in Permian Barren Measures Formation in Raniganj sub–basin, East India","authors":"Waquar Ahmed, G. Bhat, J. Mclennan, H. N. Sinha, S. Kanungo, S. Pandita, Y. Singh, N. Hakhoo, M. Hafiz, B. Thusu, N. Choudhary","doi":"10.54991/jop.2018.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2018.52","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study is the simple assessment of kerogen type in Barren Measures Formation shale using palynofacies. The Barren Measures Formation sandwiched between the coal–rich formations consist of organic–rich black carbonaceous shales. These ̴ 1000 m thick, black shales are in the productive gas window having kerogen types III with excellent gas generation potential as proven in recent pyrolysis studies. In this study, the palynological analysis of the four core samples of the Barren Measures Formation shale was done. The analysis has revealed three types of kerogen assemblages, viz. palynomorphs, phytoclasts and amorphous organic matter. The palynomorph assemblage consists of spores and pollen; phytoclasts consist of secondary xylem wood macrophyte plant debris and amorphous organic matter is a higher plant decomposed product. Based on the application of published kerogen classification and correlation of Tyson (1995), the pure kerogen type in these shales is categorized as mixed type; type II (oil prone) and type III (gas prone). However, the gas–prone kerogen assemblage gets relatively dominant in the samples from greater depth in the studied borehole. Our results are analogous to the previously published outcomes of kerogen typing evaluated using Rock–Eval pyrolysis experiments.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132962473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Permian palynomorphs from the West Bokaro Coalfield, Damodar Basin, Jharkhand, India","authors":"S. Murthy","doi":"10.54991/jop.2017.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2017.285","url":null,"abstract":"Palynological studies were carried out for samples collected from the Bokaro River section near Danea area from West Bokaro Coalfield, Damodar Basin. The recovered palynomorphs are characterized by the dominance of monosaccate pollen mainly Densipollenites (D. magnicorpus, D. invisus, D. indicus and D. densus) and subdominance of Faunipollenites spp.–Striatopodocarpites spp. complex. The other stratigraphically significant taxa recorded from this section are Guttulapollenites hannonicus, Crescentipollenites fuscus, Arcuatipollenites (A. pellucidus, A. ovatus and A. damudicus), Alisporites asansolensis, Verticipollenites gibbosus, Striatites rhombicus, Platysaccus densicorpus, Chordasporites sp., Parasaccites (P. perfectus and P. densicorpus) and Horriditriletes sp. On the basis of the total palynocomposition, the studied section has been dated as late Permian in age. This age correlation also gets support from comparative studies with similar palynoassemblages known from other coalfields of Indian Gondwana basins such as Damodar, Satpura, Son–Mahanadi, Rajmahal and Wardha–Godavari basins. The dominance of Cordaites and subdominance of conifers of Glossopterids suggests that the deposition of the sedimentary sequences took under freshwater environment.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122931276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biostratigraphical dating conundrums in the Cambrian and earlier stratigraphy of the Indian subcontinent","authors":"N. Hughes","doi":"10.54991/jop.2017.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2017.275","url":null,"abstract":"Dating rocks by using fossils remains one of the most important stratigraphic tools both for Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks and, increasingly, for older rocks too. Inevitably situations arise in which different types of data offer seemingly contradictory indications of age, of which several examples from Cambrian and earlier rocks of Indian subcontinent are discussed herein. These examples highlight the main kinds of biostratigraphical conundrums and their resolution, their role in moving stratigraphic geology forward, and also surprising ways in which they are misused. The growth of geological knowledge regionally and globally, along with the introduction of additional techniques for dating rock strata, means that the temporal range of the alternative explanations related to particular conundrums has tended to decline with time, although a controversy with alternatives over 1.0 Ga apart is currently active concerning Vindhyan geology. Although important in their own right, the solutions to this and other conundrums must integrate with other types of geological data if age determination is to be satisfactorily concluded and the wider geological and evolutionary implications of biostratigraphical dating are to be realised.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125814354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollen based vegetation and climate change records deduced from the lacustrine sediments of Kikar Tal (Lake), Central Ganga Plain, India","authors":"A. Saxena, Anjali Trivedi","doi":"10.54991/jop.2017.278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2017.278","url":null,"abstract":"A 2.0 m thick sediment profile from Kikar Tal, Raebareli District is studied for the pollen assemblage to infer the vegetation and climate variability scenario during the Holocene period. Four distinct palynozones were demarcated based on the palynological succession in the core sediment. However, the radiocarbon dates for the profile could not be procured; therefore, the lake profile is corroborated with the chronology of adjacent lake ‘Chaudhary–Ka–Tal’, Raebareli District. It is envisaged that during 8,000–7,200 cal yrs BP, (Pollen Zone KT–I), forest groves with Holoptelea, Acacia, Madhuca indica, Syzygium and Prosopis as major tree taxa were present in the adjoining area of the lake. The forest groves were interspersed with wider stretches of open vegetation comprising grasses, Tubuliflorae, Liguliflorae, Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae, etc. and shrubs of Adhatoda vasica and Acanthaceae. This vegetation scenario reflects that the region was under a warm and humid climate during that time. The existence of lake is also envisaged by the presence of aquatic elements, Lemna and Typha. Subsequently, during 7,200–4,200 cal yrs BP (Pollen Zone KT–II), the forest groves became more diversified and dense in composition as evidenced by the expansion of most of the existing trees as well as presence of Emblica officinalis, Aegle, Adina cordifolia, Symplocos and Sapotaceae and thickets of Adhatoda vasica and Mimosa pudica. This significant change in the vegetation mosaic as a whole implies the initiation of a warm and more–humid climatic condition, owing to climate amelioration. The encounter of Cerealia and concomitant cropland weeds, viz. Cheno/Am. Cannabis sativa, Brassica, etc. suggests that the vicinity of the lake was under agrarian practice and other anthropogenic activities. The ground flora was still dominated by grasses; however, it also turned more profuse than before. The increasing trend of Cerealia coupled with concomitant cropland weeds signifies the augmentation in Cereal–based agrarian practice owing to favourable climatic condition. The lake expanded as manifested by the increase in aquatic elements, such as Typha, Potamogeton and Lemna during this period. During the time bracket of 4,200–1,800 cal yrs BP (Pollen Zone KT–III), the arboreals reveal a decrease in their frequency and diversity of major tree taxa with incursion of Moringa and Bombax ceiba suggesting warm and moderately humid climate with reduced monsoon. The last zone (Pollen Zone KT–IV), from 1,800 cal yrs BP–Present, elucidates open grassland vegetation corresponding to reduced monsoon precipitation, with the shrinkage of lake area. The presence of Cerealia and other culture pollen taxa suggests the prevalence of intense agrarian practice in the vicinity of the lake.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"91 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126123566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palynology and palaeoenvironment of Late Permian Sawang OCM, East Bokaro Coalfield, Damodar Basin, India","authors":"S. Murthy, A. Rajanikanth","doi":"10.54991/jop.2017.279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2017.279","url":null,"abstract":"Palynodating of Sawang Open Cast Mine (OCM) section from East Bokaro Coalfield, Damodar Basin has been done. Recovered palynofossils are characterized by the dominance of Striatopodocarpites–Faunipollenites complex. The other stratigraphically significant taxa recorded from this section are Guttulapollenites hannonicus, Crescentipollenites fuscus, Rhizomaspora indica, R. triassica, Distriatites sp., Weylandites lucifer, Microfoveolatispora gondwanensis, Dictyotriletes invisus, Indotriradites spp., Arcuatipollenites pellucidus, Alisporites indicus and Klausipollenites schaubergeri. Other rare palynotaxa include Parasaccites, Corrisaccites, Dicapipollenites, Striomonosaccites, Barakarites, Plicatipollenites, Scheuringipollenites, Densipollenites, Callumispora, Tiwariasporis, Praecolpatites and Distriatites. On the basis of the total palynocomposition, the studied section has been dated as Late Permian age. This age correlation also gets support from comparative studies with similar palynoassemblages known from other coalfields of Indian Gondwana basins such as Damodar, Son–Mahanadi, Rajmahal, Wardha–Godavari and Satpura basins of India and from known Gondwanan continents. Palynofossil evidences indicate prevalence of warm and humid conditions. The dominance of conifers and subdominance of Glossopterids, cordaites and low percentage of triletes (filicopsids and lycopsids) suggests that the Inland Sawang OCM was deposited under freshwater environment.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127614108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of a leafy Jungermanniales in the Mesozoic of the Rajmahal Hills, India","authors":"B. Sharma","doi":"10.54991/jop.2017.281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2017.281","url":null,"abstract":"A member of leafy Jungermanniales of Hepaticopsida is seen in a thin section prepared of silicified chert of Nipania, Rajmahal Hills, Jharkhand. The leafy thallii are either simple or bifurcated and have two lateral rows and one ventral row of leaves. Young plant has only few leaves. Multicellular ventral scales resembling those of extant Marchantiales are also seen in the slide. Scattered spores of pteridophytes and pollen grains of gymnosperms are also visible. Occurrence of a fossil leafy Jungermanniales plant is reported for the first time from this fossiliferous area.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123880424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on pollen deposition pattern in relation to modern vegetation of flood prone region in Assam, India","authors":"S. K. Basumatary","doi":"10.54991/jop.2017.283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2017.283","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a palynological dataset on Pashumara Wetland and Ranga Reserve Forest to differentiate flooded and non–flooded area in relation to existing vegetation in Assam. Study reveals that the palynoassemblage in Pashumara Wetland is an admixture of arboreal local and extra–local taxa and not fully matches with present vegetation. The various pollen distributions were observed in continuation to study sites and confirmed that pollen deposition pattern in wetland depends on parent plant growth, flood activity and surrounding vegetation. Presence of broken pollen is indicative of long distance transportation under a fluvial environment. The palynoassemblage of Ranga Reserve Forest located in non–flooded area to display modern pollen and vegetation relationship and identification of local arboreal taxa in the region. The main forest elements include Syzigium, Lagerstroemia and Emblica in the palynoassemblage are suggestive of presence of tropical deciduous forest under warm and humid climate. Pollen clumps in the palynoassemblage signifies their local origin and entomophily. This generated palynodata could be precisely utilized to distinguish flooded and non–flooded area and to interpret palaeovegetation and past climate changes in relation to palaeoflood episodes by the analysis of wetland core from the region and to correlate other tropical flood prone region of the globe.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121587083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saprophytic fossil fungi from the Early Cretaceous sediments of the Rajmahal Hills, Jharkhand, India","authors":"B. Sharma, D. Bohra, O.P. Suthar, R. Harsh","doi":"10.54991/jop.2017.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2017.287","url":null,"abstract":"Occurrence of two kinds of fossil fungi in forms of non–septate (coenocytic) and septate mycelia and unicellular spores (conidia) in thin sections of silicified cherts of Nipania and Sonajori localities in the Rajmahal Hills, Jharkhand are described. In the former locality mycelia and hyphae are non–septate, conidia numerous and nucleated on the ‘bark’ of the Pentoxylon stem while in the latter (Sonajori) mycelia and hyphae are septate with only few conidia in the integument of an ovule of Araucarites mittrii. There is no earlier record of saprophytic fossil fungi from the Rajmahal Hills.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"452 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132740603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Permian micro and megaspores from the Nand-Besur Block, Bandar Coalfield, Wardha Basin, Maharashtra, India","authors":"S. Murthy, O. S. Sarate, S. Pillai, R. Tewari","doi":"10.54991/jop.2017.284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2017.284","url":null,"abstract":"The sub–surface samples of bore core NP–75 drilled near Nand Village, a part of Nand–Besur Block of Bandar Coalfield, Wardha Basin, Maharashtra have yielded palynomorphs which include spores/pollen grains and megaspores. The pollen assemblage shows the dominance of the genus Scheuringipollenites and sub–dominance of Faunipollenites (=Protohaploxypinus) along with Caheniasaccites, Plicatipollenites, Potonieisporites, Barakarites, Arcuatipollenites, Striatopodocarpites, etc. Megaspores are represented by three genera and nine species comprising Bokarosporites rotundus, Bokarosporites sp., Jhariatriletes filiformis, Singhisporites baculatus, S. indica, S. nautiyalii, S. radialis, S. surangei and Singhisporites sp. The palynomorph assemblage indicates an early Permian age equivalent to the lower Barakar Formation.","PeriodicalId":383463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Palaeosciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121085015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}