Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales最新文献_第7页

[Application of the self-evaluation questionnaire of the WHO multimodal strategy to improve the practice of hand hygiene in a tertiary hospital]. [世卫组织多模式战略自评问卷在某三级医院手部卫生实践改进中的应用]

Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales Pub Date : 2021-10-15 DOI: 10.12961/aprl.2021.24.04.03

Alejando De Arriba Fernández, Jesús Molina-Cabrillana, Lluís Serra-Majem

{"title":"[Application of the self-evaluation questionnaire of the WHO multimodal strategy to improve the practice of hand hygiene in a tertiary hospital].","authors":"Alejando De Arriba Fernández, Jesús Molina-Cabrillana, Lluís Serra-Majem","doi":"10.12961/aprl.2021.24.04.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12961/aprl.2021.24.04.03","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Hand hygiene (HH) is the single most important and effective measure to reduce the risk of healthcare-related infections. However, low compliance with HH indications among healthcare professionals is often low. The objective of this study was to evaluate the implementation of a multimodal strategy to promote HH among healthcare professionals.Methods: We used the \"Application guide of the multimodal strategy of the World Health Organization for the improvement of hand hygiene\", which consists of: changes to the system, education and training, evaluation and feedback, workplace reminders, organizational safety climate and monitoring of compliance with HH. The strategy was designed as an intervention study to promote HH in the Maternal and Child Insular University Hospital Complex in the period 2012-2020.Results: Overall compliance with the HH indications at the end of the study period was 59.2%. The use of alcoholic-based products increased with respect to previous years (p <0.05), reaching 70 liters/1000 hospital admissions in the final year. Healthcare professionals perceived training and accessibility to an alcohol-based preparation at each point of care as the most effective measures for promoting good HH practice.Conclusions: The implementation of a multimodal intervention significantly improved compliance with handwashing and the use of alcohol-based products among healthcare professionals. Despite having previous training on hand hygiene, HH knowledge among professionals remains incomplete. Prior training followed by time worked are the most important determinants of knowledge and perceptions about hand hygiene.","PeriodicalId":38326,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales","volume":"24 4","pages":"355-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39771049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Methodology to evaluate occupational exposure to chemical contaminants at high altitude]. [评价高海拔职业接触化学污染物的方法学]。

Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales Pub Date : 2021-10-15 DOI: 10.12961/aprl.2021.24.04.06

Margarita Zamora Saa, Jilberto Zamora-Saa

引用次数: 0

[Vaccine response to SARS-CoV-2 in hospital workers]. [医院工作人员对SARS-CoV-2的疫苗反应]。

Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales Pub Date : 2021-10-15 DOI: 10.12961/aprl.2021.24.04.05

Susana Sabater Vidal, Mª Carmen Bellido-Cambrón, Alberto Arnedo-Pena, Mª Isabel Palomares-Gallego, Rosa María Larrea-González, Mario Carballido-Fernández, Rosario Moreno-Muñoz

{"title":"[Vaccine response to SARS-CoV-2 in hospital workers].","authors":"Susana Sabater Vidal, Mª Carmen Bellido-Cambrón, Alberto Arnedo-Pena, Mª Isabel Palomares-Gallego, Rosa María Larrea-González, Mario Carballido-Fernández, Rosario Moreno-Muñoz","doi":"10.12961/aprl.2021.24.04.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12961/aprl.2021.24.04.05","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of this study was to measure anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity of hospital workers after a completed 2-dose Pfizer-BionTech vaccination, and to examine factors potentially associated with immunity status. Side effects of the vaccine were also studied.Method: This was a cross-sectional study of a representative sample of General University Hospital of Castellon workers, vaccinated with two doses in January and February 2021. We measured IgG antibodies against protein N (IgG-NP), IgM against protein S (IgM-S), and quantitative levles of IgG against protein S (IgG-Quant) one month after the last dose. We obtained information on demographic, risk factors, and vaccine side effects via a self-completed questionnaire. For the statistical analysis we used multiple regression models.Results: Two hundred seventy-five workers participated (96.8%, 275/284). Positive IgG-Quant, IgM-S, and IgG-NP were 99.6%, 14.9% and 4.4%, respectively. Adjusted IgG-Quant levels increased significantly with obesity, nonsmoking status, positive IgM-S, and/or IgG-NP. The prevalence of IgM-S was higher in males, and associated with the same factors as those for IgG-Quant. Among those with a history of COVD-19 infection, 42.9% did not have IgG-NP. Overall 86.5% of participants had side effects, which were associated with positive IgG-NP, high IgG-Quant levels, younger age, and being female.Conclusions: All but one participant developed immunity. Those who had suffered from COVID-19 infection had higher antibody levels. A high proportion of participants had mild secondary effects, especially those with previous COVID-19 infection.","PeriodicalId":38326,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales","volume":"24 4","pages":"383-403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39771051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

[Risk Factors for COVID-19 transmission among healthcare workers]. [COVID-19在医护人员中传播的危险因素]。

Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales Pub Date : 2021-10-15 DOI: 10.12961/aprl.2021.24.04.04

Florin Ciorba Ciorba, Javier Flores Benítez, Raul Hernandez Iglesias, Joan Inglés Torruella, Mª Montserrat Olona Cabases

{"title":"[Risk Factors for COVID-19 transmission among healthcare workers].","authors":"Florin Ciorba Ciorba, Javier Flores Benítez, Raul Hernandez Iglesias, Joan Inglés Torruella, Mª Montserrat Olona Cabases","doi":"10.12961/aprl.2021.24.04.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12961/aprl.2021.24.04.04","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Frontline healthcare workers are the first line of defense against Covid-19, resulting in a higher risk of infection. The objective of this study was to describe the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and its associated risk factors among professionals working in a healthcare consortium that includes different centers.Methods: This was a retrospective analytical observational study of 2620 healthcare workers; the project period began with the declaration of the state of alarm in Spain (March 15, 2020) and ended on June 21, 2020. We estimated associations between the independent variables sex, age, seniority, professional category and work location and confirmed COVID-19 as the outcome variable. Bivariate study analysis was based on chi-square test and simple logistic regression with calculation of the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Multivariate analysis was performed using multiple logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at p ≤0.05.Results: All frontline healthcare worker categories were at higher risk than non-patient-facing personnel. Nurses had the highest risk [OR, 14.03 (3.19-61.66)]. With respect to work location, and as compared to non-patient-facing personnel, working in the surgical-medical-hospitalization-clinic [OR 13.43 (1.7-106.12)] and socio-health center [OR 17.77 (2.19-144.04) posed the greatest risks.Conclusions: The greatest risk of acquiring COVID-19 was among patient-facing healthcare professionals working in areas where COVID-19 was detected among patients admitted for other pathologies. This risk was higher than in those areas designated for the care of COVID-19 patients, possibly due to differences in the use of personal protective equipment.","PeriodicalId":38326,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales","volume":"24 4","pages":"370-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39771050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Herramienta para predecir la gravedad y secuelas de la COVID-19 en sanitarios del entorno de hospitales. El "COVID-19 Occupational Vulnerability Index" 预测COVID-19在医院环境卫生人员中的严重程度和后果的工具。COVID-19职业脆弱性指数

Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales Pub Date : 2021-10-15 DOI: 10.12961/aprl.2021.24.04.07

María Teófila Vicente Herrero, A. Fernández-Montero

引用次数: 0

[Lumbar biomechanical risk factors due to manual handling of loads in the distribution of meat products]. [肉类产品配送中人工搬运负荷引起的腰椎生物力学风险因素]。

Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales Pub Date : 2021-10-15 DOI: 10.12961/aprl.2021.24.04.02

Carlos Ibarra Villanueva, Pamela Astudillo-Cornejo

{"title":"[Lumbar biomechanical risk factors due to manual handling of loads in the distribution of meat products].","authors":"Carlos Ibarra Villanueva, Pamela Astudillo-Cornejo","doi":"10.12961/aprl.2021.24.04.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12961/aprl.2021.24.04.02","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Identify risk factors for lumbar musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) associated with manual handling (MHL) of meat products in truck loading and unloading activities.Method: Cross-sectional descriptive observational study with a mixed approach, based on ergonomic analysis of work activity. The 4 workers from the loader and loader-driver positions participated. Kinematic and dynamometric analyzes were performed to determine compression and shear forces and musculoskeletal risk in the lumbar area. Interviews and observations were conducted to analyze tasks and determine the times involved in each operation, type of exposure and the determinants of work activity.Results: The work context is highly variable during the loading and unloading of the truck, considering the variability at each delivery point the characteristics of the parking lots, weather conditions, the presence of animals and other obstacles during manual transport of the load. The MHL produces forces over 4000 N of disc compression at levels L4-L5 and L5-S1, the initial push and pull forces were 51.2 kg*f and 27.3 kg*f respectively, which shows the risk of MSD. The work activity is determined by the type of working day, the organization of the distribution and the lack of mechanical means to support the loading and unloading of trucks.Conclusions: The manual handling tasks in this industry are physically very demanding and improving these working conditions represents a significant challenge for prevention.","PeriodicalId":38326,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales","volume":"24 4","pages":"342-354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39771048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trastornos musculoesqueléticos y riesgos psicosociales de los técnicos de prevención de riesgos laborales 职业风险预防技术人员的肌肉骨骼疾病和心理社会风险

Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.12961/aprl.2021.24.03.09

Fermín Torrano, G. García González

引用次数: 1

[Occupational safety and health management of COVID-19 at a company in the Peruvian fishing sector]. [秘鲁渔业部门一家公司COVID-19职业安全和健康管理]。

Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.12961/aprl.2021.24.03.02

Daniel Anderson Solorzano-Aquino, Williams Esteward Castillo-Martínez, Guillermo Segundo Miñan Olivos, Wilson Daniel Símpalo-López

{"title":"[Occupational safety and health management of COVID-19 at a company in the Peruvian fishing sector].","authors":"Daniel Anderson Solorzano-Aquino, Williams Esteward Castillo-Martínez, Guillermo Segundo Miñan Olivos, Wilson Daniel Símpalo-López","doi":"10.12961/aprl.2021.24.03.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12961/aprl.2021.24.03.02","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the occupational safety and health management of COVID-19 at a company in the Peruvian fishing sector Methods: The independent variable was occupational safety and health management, defined as the implementation of preventive and control measures in response to COVID-19. The dependent variable was defined as the number of detected COVID-19 cases and test positivity rate. We used a pre- (implementation phase) and post-test (following the implementation phase) study design. We performed a non-parametric inferential analysis to identify any significant pre- and post-test differences and any associations between the variables.Results: The company initiated a strategy to detect positive cases through the use of serological tests. During the first stage, 2329 tests were conducted, yielding a positivity rate of 71%. Once prevention and control actions were implemented, the positivity rate in August 2020 had decreased to 15.65%,, a statistically significant decrease (p<0.05), as well as its relationship to the measures implemented.Conclusions: This occupational safety and health intervention significantly reduced the number of COVID-19 cases and positivity rate in this group of workers in the Peruvian fishing sector.","PeriodicalId":38326,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales","volume":"24 3","pages":"240-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39771470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Safety and Health at Work in Ecuador]. [厄瓜多尔的工作安全与健康]。

Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.12961/aprl.2021.24.03.01

Antonio Ramón Gómez García

{"title":"[Safety and Health at Work in Ecuador].","authors":"Antonio Ramón Gómez García","doi":"10.12961/aprl.2021.24.03.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12961/aprl.2021.24.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"La República del Ecuador (en adelante Ecuador) puede ser considerada como uno de los países latinoamericanos más privilegiados por sus contrastes geográficos, variedad climática y amplia biodiversidad. La Cordillera de los Andes divide al Ecuador en tres regiones (Amazonía, Sierra y Costa del Pacífico) con marcadas diferencias culturales. Además, existen el conjunto de las Islas Galápagos como cuarta región. La población (2020) es de 17,5 millones de habitantes (51% son mujeres) y la esperanza de vida aumentará significativamente en los próximos años (2010 fue de 75 años y para el 2030 será de 80,5 años). En contraste, los indicadores de salud, económicos y laborales muestran un paronarma preocupante. La tasa de mortalidad en los últimos años ha aumentado ligeramente, en 2014 fue de 4,1 por cada 1000 habitantes y en 2019 fue de 4,3 por cada 1000 habitantes. En 2019, la primera causa de muerte fueron las enfermedades isquémicas del corazón, tanto en mujeres y hombres, y en adultos de 30 a 64 años los accidentes de transporte. Aunque la economía de Ecuador ha mostrado un crecimiento hasta mediados de la última década, la caída del precio internacional del petróleo provocó una recesión económica, con pérdidas de plazas de empleo adecuado desde 2015 y que se mantienen progresivamente en la actualidad. El empleo informal ha crecido rápidamente, situándose en el 46,7% en 2019, y en condiciones precarias de trabajo y ausencia derechos de protección social. Desafortunadamente, la crisis sanitaria por el SARS-CoV-2 ha provocado aún más un entorno desfavorable y retroceso en los objetivos marcados para reducir las desigualdades sociales….","PeriodicalId":38326,"journal":{"name":"Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales","volume":"24 3","pages":"232-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39771469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Exámenes europeos. Unión Europea de Médicos Especialistas (UEMS). Sección de Medicina del Trabajo de la UEMS. 欧洲测试。欧洲医学专家联盟(UEMS)。UEMS的职业健康科。

Archivos de prevención de riesgos laborales Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.12961/aprl.2021.24.03.06

Maria Cruz Rodríguez-Jareño

引用次数: 0