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IRE Transactions on Engineering Management最新文献

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THE DECISIONS OF ENGINEERING DESIGN 工程设计决策
IRE Transactions on Engineering Management Pub Date : 1961-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007593
D. L. Marples
{"title":"THE DECISIONS OF ENGINEERING DESIGN","authors":"D. L. Marples","doi":"10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007593","url":null,"abstract":"Two examples of plant design are described and an abstract model of the process of design is suggested. The model is used to discuss the search for possible solutions, the strategies for their examination, and the rules for choosing between them. It seems likely that the model applies only to problems requiring novel solutions and not to those for which the form of solution is known, but the choice of parameters to meet conflicting objectives is difficult.","PeriodicalId":382847,"journal":{"name":"IRE Transactions on Engineering Management","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121832386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 228
A. Systematic Procedure for System Development A.系统开发的系统程序
IRE Transactions on Engineering Management Pub Date : 1961-06-01 DOI: 10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007595
R. Hopkins
{"title":"A. Systematic Procedure for System Development","authors":"R. Hopkins","doi":"10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007595","url":null,"abstract":"A technique is described for the development of system objectives, requirements, specifications, and conceptual design. It is derived from experience with a number of actual systems in the fields of air defense and airborne fire control. The need for precise knowledge of system functional objectives is stressed. A checklist relating to envirionmental requirements is presented. A seven-step process is described from functional objectives to model and test.","PeriodicalId":382847,"journal":{"name":"IRE Transactions on Engineering Management","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121829767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Strategy in research-alternative methods for design of experiments 研究策略——实验设计的替代方法
IRE Transactions on Engineering Management Pub Date : 1961-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007582
D. McArthur
{"title":"Strategy in research-alternative methods for design of experiments","authors":"D. McArthur","doi":"10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007582","url":null,"abstract":"Several simulated research problems have been programmed for the IBM 704 computer. Six different empirical research strategies have also been programmed for the computer. The \"research problems\" are \"solved\" by the computer using one of the six strategies to learn which is best. The computer uses each research strategy on each problem several times to get a statistical evaluation of its effectiveness. The work is not complete as yet; however, it has already had an influence on the way we are tackling some of our research problems.","PeriodicalId":382847,"journal":{"name":"IRE Transactions on Engineering Management","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131397220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
The Study Committee for Research, Development and Engineering (SCARDE): A Progress Report and an Invitation to Participate 研究、发展及工程研究委员会(SCARDE):进度报告及参加邀请
IRE Transactions on Engineering Management Pub Date : 1961-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007577
P. Norden
{"title":"The Study Committee for Research, Development and Engineering (SCARDE): A Progress Report and an Invitation to Participate","authors":"P. Norden","doi":"10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007577","url":null,"abstract":"Readers are invited to participate in a data-collection effort, conducted by SCARDE (Study Committee for the Analysis of Research, Development, and Engineering) on the patterns of man-power and money utilization currently found in R and D projects. The aggregated and summarized data should provide valuable insights into current practices in a variety of industries and firms of different sizes, and be useful to researchers interested in a quantitative approach to the management of R and D activities. Strict procedures to safeguard proprietary information have been established. The background and results of a pilot study are indicated, and an example of the possible use of the study results is presented.","PeriodicalId":382847,"journal":{"name":"IRE Transactions on Engineering Management","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130884358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Social Change in Science and Engineering 科学与工程中的社会变革
IRE Transactions on Engineering Management Pub Date : 1961-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007578
H. Shepard
{"title":"Social Change in Science and Engineering","authors":"H. Shepard","doi":"10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007578","url":null,"abstract":"Scientists and technologists are in the midst of an enormous social experiment, involving the growth of many new skill groups and the undertaking of very large and complex R and D projects. The boundaries of the engineering profession and a philosophy of organizing complex projects are discussed. Some effects on engineering education are traced. Differences between engineers and scientists are examined in the context of the ``research and development explosion.'' Traditional functional differences are being erased, but some differences in personal and social characteristics are described.","PeriodicalId":382847,"journal":{"name":"IRE Transactions on Engineering Management","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117301346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Research, Development and Production: Problems of Conflict and Cooperation 研究、开发与生产:冲突与合作的问题
IRE Transactions on Engineering Management Pub Date : 1961-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007579
T. Burns
{"title":"Research, Development and Production: Problems of Conflict and Cooperation","authors":"T. Burns","doi":"10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007579","url":null,"abstract":"Technological change creates strains within the structure of the firm because it causes shifts in the relative power and influence between groups. The arrival of new groups in an organization such as a research laboratory creates linguistic problems: the language of the laboratory is different from that of the design activity and still different from that of the shop. To bridge the linguistic gap, interpreter or liaison groups are formed. In establishing these groups, management attempts to accommodate organizational strains within the existing structure rather than re-organize to reflect the new technology. This study is based on the experiences of twenty firms in England and Scotland.","PeriodicalId":382847,"journal":{"name":"IRE Transactions on Engineering Management","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124137908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Developing Systematic Procedures for Directing Research Programs 制定指导研究项目的系统程序
IRE Transactions on Engineering Management Pub Date : 1961-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007580
G. Gargiulo, J. Hannoch, D. Hertz, T. Zang
{"title":"Developing Systematic Procedures for Directing Research Programs","authors":"G. Gargiulo, J. Hannoch, D. Hertz, T. Zang","doi":"10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007580","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important functions of research management is to establish objective criteria for measuring the progress and performance of the research effort. Another important aspect is to allocate resources to research projects in the ``best'' manner. Two systematic procedures were developed in a large research laboratory to assist management in these tasks. The first is a Data Presentation System which provides a means for recording and presenting the status, progress and plans for the research laboratory in terms of the allocation of resources. The second is an Evaluation System which provides a means for evaluating the technical and economic elements relative to research projects.","PeriodicalId":382847,"journal":{"name":"IRE Transactions on Engineering Management","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116961010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Weapon System Phasing for Ready Forces 准备部队的武器系统阶段
IRE Transactions on Engineering Management Pub Date : 1961-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007581
H. Weiss
{"title":"Weapon System Phasing for Ready Forces","authors":"H. Weiss","doi":"10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007581","url":null,"abstract":"A ready force is defined as one designed to have a decisive capability in a short war in which the decision is reached before reserves and production capability can supplement the forces existing at the time hostilities begin. It is assumed that annual expenditures to equip, train, maintain and operate the ready force are constant. Within this constraint, it is desired to attain maximum effectiveness by balancing quality against quantity of weapons. Maximum quantity of weapons would be attained by selecting one type, and producing this type indefinitely, in view of decreasing unit production costs with number produced. However, rapid advancement of the state-of-the-art creates weapon obsolescence and, periodically, old weapons must be phased out and new weapons phased in. Maximum quality can be attained at the expense of quantity by very small production runs with frequent introduction of new weapons. The optimum program of effective weapons in sufficient quantity represents a compromise between the two extremes. A model incorporating the variables of production cost, number of weapons produced, operating cost, growth of the state-of-the-art, effectiveness and budgetary limits is developed for a very simple model of warfare, and the relations among the variables for maximum force effectiveness are determined.","PeriodicalId":382847,"journal":{"name":"IRE Transactions on Engineering Management","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115871548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Possible Applications of Information Theory to Management Control 信息论在管理控制中的可能应用
IRE Transactions on Engineering Management Pub Date : 1961-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007583
R. Hopkins
{"title":"Possible Applications of Information Theory to Management Control","authors":"R. Hopkins","doi":"10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IRET-EM.1961.5007583","url":null,"abstract":"Several areas of possible application of information theory are discussed: 1) communication in automation, 2) forecasting, and 3) production processes. In the production area, the following possible applications are examined: ``reduction of uncertainty'' in raw materials and information content of a design. An example is given for a milling machine operation.","PeriodicalId":382847,"journal":{"name":"IRE Transactions on Engineering Management","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133851736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Product Assurance 产品保证
IRE Transactions on Engineering Management Pub Date : 1960-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/iret-em.1960.5007562
E. Winlund
{"title":"Product Assurance","authors":"E. Winlund","doi":"10.1109/iret-em.1960.5007562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iret-em.1960.5007562","url":null,"abstract":"Product assurance is concerned with economy, performance, and reliability. It provides the tools and techniques with which the project engineer may design economically optimal systems and equipment, and with which he may allocate his own efforts economically. Product assurance puts \"reliability\" into a realistic economic perspective. This report outlines the problems of growing product complexity, earlier obsolescence, and design immaturity, and recommends specific feedback loops to maximize maturity at each design phase. A centralized Assurance group digests and organizes data from all sources and develops design \"tools,\" providing a broad service to design engineers. Management is provided a Product Assurance Report showing progressive cost reduction and reliability improvement, both in terms of annual savings to the product user.","PeriodicalId":382847,"journal":{"name":"IRE Transactions on Engineering Management","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1960-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124928086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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