Walailak Journal of Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Co)variance Components for Birth and Weaning Weights of Shorthorn Beef Cattle in Australia and the United States","authors":"K. Kuha, H. Graser, S. Tumwasorn, D. Johnston","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V1I2.182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V1I2.182","url":null,"abstract":"(Co)variance components and genetic parameters for birth (BW) and weaning weights (WW) of Shorthorn beef cattle in Australia (AU) and the United States (US) were estimated using Restricted Maximum Likelihood. Five different uni- and bivariate models were used to fit both traits within each country. In Model 1, only a direct genetic effect (a) was fitted. In Models 2 and 3, a maternal genetic effect (m) was added. A genetic covariance between direct-maternal effects [cov(a, m)] was ignored (model 2) or included (model 3). Models 4 and 5 both m and maternal permanent environment effects (pe), were allowed from model 1, and assumed cov(a,m) in the same manner as model 2 and 3, respectively. When ignoring m effect, the direct heritability estimates were inflated and differed markedly from other models. The likelihood ratio test showed that model 5 was the best fit for both traits in the US while models 2 and 4 were the fittest for BW and WW in AU, respectively. The estimates of direct, maternal, total heritabilities, and maternal permanent environment variance of the full model in AU and in the US (in parentheses) were 0.46 (0.48), 0.09 (0.05), 0.42 (0.42) and 0.00 (0.06) for BW, and 0.23 (0.32), 0.16 (0.09), 0.24 (0.26) and 0.13 (0.10) for WW, respectively. After m and pe were fitted, the estimate of total heritability decreased slightly for BW in both countries and for WW in AU, but decreased re-markedly for WW in the US. Estimate of direct-maternal genetic correlation was moderately negative and tended to be more negative after pe was fitted for both traits in the US. The parameters estimates using bivariate analysis were not different to the results from univariate analysis. This analysis yielded additive and maternal genetics correlations between BW and WW. These estimates were positive and medium to high correlation, which were higher in AU than in the US. Correlation of estimated breeding values for direct additive and maternal genetics between the full model and others were high and close to unity. The differences of some parameters between both countries indicate that joint genetic evaluation might require genotype by environment interaction to be considered.","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"11-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68183391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive Constituents from the Twigs of Sonneratia alba","authors":"Kanchuree Chaiyadej, Hathaichanok Wongthap, S. Vadhanavikit, K. Chantrapromma","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V1I1.196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V1I1.196","url":null,"abstract":"Three pentacyclic triterpenoids: lupeol [1], oleanolic acid [2], and betulinic acid [3] were isolated from the twigs of Sonneratia alba together with 2,6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone [4], a mixture of stigmasterol [5] and b-sitosterol [6]. Their structures were elucidated by analyses of their 1D and 2D NMR, and their physical and spectral data were compared with those reported in the literature. Amongst these isolates, compounds [2,3] exhibit antimycobacterial activity with MIC values of 25 and 50 mg/ml respectively. In addition, compound [4] exhibited antimalarial activity against P. falciparum with an IC50 value of 3.08 mg/ml.","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"15-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68183784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An SMS-Based Fault Dispatching System: An Additional Utilisation of a Mobile Phone Infrastructure","authors":"W. Kurdthongmee, Pongwirat Kemapanmanas","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V1I2.190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V1I2.190","url":null,"abstract":"The mobile world has grown continually in accordance with Moore’s law. That is to say the new models of handset have been developed and marketed with twice the features within the same period of time. The new features of handsets, both general applications and entertainment, are added in order to assist users. At the same time the mobile service providers are also trying to add more and new features to support the powerfulness of the handsets and the demand of users. A short message service, or SMS for short, is another fundamental service which is provided by almost every service provider around the globe. This simple approach of leaving a message can be employed in another application of business which is an SMS-based fault dispatching system.","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"107-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68184061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote Monitoring and Controlling of a Material Science Experiment","authors":"W. Kurdthongmee","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V1I1.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V1I1.199","url":null,"abstract":"The computer industry’s remarkable ability to integrate more transistors into a small area of silicon is increasing the intelligence of our devices and simultaneously decreasing their cost and power consumption. In addition, the proliferation of wired and wireless networking spurred by the development of the world-wide web and demands for mobile access are enabling low-cost connectivity among computing devices. It is now possible to connect every computing device into a true world-wide web that connects the physical world of sensors and actuators to the virtual world of our information utilities and services. This paper examines an application of an integration of the intelligent chip with the network connectivity into a material science experiment designed to study the sorption of woods. The intelligence and network connectivity infrastructures of the system eliminate laborious tasks previously required during experiment control and data collection processes.","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"43-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68183853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotype by Country Interaction for Birth and Weaning Weights for Shorthorn Cattle in Australia and the United States","authors":"K. Kuha, H. Graser, D. Johnston, S. Tumwasorn","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V1I2.183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V1I2.183","url":null,"abstract":"Birth (BW) and weaning weights (WW) of Shorthorn beef cattle used to study the genotype by country (G´C) interactions between Australia (AU) and the United States (US). Data were collected depending on the connectedness on genetic links of common sires. The edited data consisted of numbers of sire, dam and calf of 2,013, 19,784 and 42,963 in AU and 4,797, 38,648 and 95,849 in the US, respectively. After that, sets of data were combined together and corresponding traits from different countries were treated as different traits. Therefore, a bivariate animal model including maternal genetic and permanent environment effects was used to study the interactions. No covariance due to maternal permanent environmental and environmental effects {cov(pe1,pe2) and cov(e1,e2) = 0} was assumed. Estimates of (co)variance components have been done by restricted maximum likelihood. Variance component estimates of the same trait across countries were slightly different. Direct and maternal genetic correlations (in parentheses) between corresponding traits were 0.93 (0.93) and 0.78 (0.86) for BW and WW, respectively. This implied that a joint BW genetic evaluation could be conducted using a model that treated the information as a single population. For WW, sires across AU and the US needed evaluation to consider carefully the G´C interactions.","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"25-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68183912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macroscopic and Microscopic Gradient Structures of Bamboo Culms","authors":"Suwat Sutnaun, S. Srisuwan, Patcharin Jindasai, Banyat Cherdchim, N. Matan, B. Kyokong","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V2I1.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V2I1.177","url":null,"abstract":"This work studied the structure of bamboo culms which is naturally designed to retard the bending stress caused by a wind load. A macroscopic gradient structure (diameter, thickness and internodal length) and a microscopic one (distribution of fiber) of three sympodial bamboo species i.e. Tong bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper Backer.), Pah bamboo (Gigantochloa bambos) and Pak bamboo (Gigantochloa hasskarliana) were examined. From the macroscopic point of view, the wind-load generated bending stress for the tapered hollow tube of bamboo was found to vary uniformly with height, especially at the middle of the culms. Furthermore, the macroscopic shape of bamboo culm is about 2-6 times stiffer in bending mode than one with a solid circular section for the same amount of wood material. Microscopically, the distribution of fiber in the radial direction linearly decreases from the outer surface to the inner surface in the same manner as that of the distribution of the bending stress in the radial direction. Distribution of fiber along the vertical length of bamboos at each height is proportional to the level of bending stress generated by the wind load. Both macroscopic and microscopic gradient structures of sympodial type bamboos were found to be less effective to retard the bending stress than those of monopodial type bamboo.","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":"81-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68184262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Study of the Versatile Anther Group in the Tribe Zingibereae (Zingiberaceae)","authors":"C. Ngamriabsakul","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V2I1.171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V2I1.171","url":null,"abstract":"Scanning electron micrographs of anther development in Cautleya spicata (Sm.) Baker show that the appendages develop from the joint connective tissue where one end of the anther develops first, well before the other turns into the appendages. The anther with appendages is thus basifixed in a mature plant in Cautleya spicata while observation of Curcuma species reveals that the anther is dorsifixed, and the appendages are derived from the thecae of the anther. Mapping this characteristic of the anther in the six genera that possess versatile anther in Zingiberaceae, namely Camptandra, Cautleya, Curcuma, Laosanthus, Paracautleya and Roscoea, onto the molecular based phylogeny of the tribe suggests that the dorsifixed versatile anther of the Curcuma complex has been lost independently in Hitchenia, Smithatris and Stahlianthus, while the basifixed versatile anther has arisen independently in Camptandra and Cautleya/Roscoea.","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":"11-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68184124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Colour Image Quantization Algorithm for Time-Constrained Applications","authors":"W. Kurdthongmee","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V2I2.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V2I2.160","url":null,"abstract":"Many techniques have been proposed to quantize a digital colour image in order to reduce the representative number of colours to be suitable for presenting on different types of display screens. In addition, the techniques have been used to significantly reduce the amount of image data required to transfer over a communication network. Most of the published techniques are targetted for implementing on a general purpose multitasking computer with low restriction on time and resource utilizations. The drawback of these techniques relies on the fact that they cannot fulfill the requirement of some applications for real-time constraint and limited resources. In addition, most of the techniques are too complex for hardware realization. In this paper, an algorithm which is more suitable for time critical applications with an additional feature of simplicity to implement on FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) platforms is proposed and the details of its implementation and experimentation are presented. The dominate point of the proposed algorithm relies on the fact that it utilizes the weighted sum of the nearest distance along the axis under consideration, which is nontrivial to calculate, instead of the squared Euclidean distance to find the axis to split during. Also, the proposed algorithm has proved that by reducing the number of subspaces to be considered during the variance representative value calculation from 8 to 2 subspaces, the quality of quantized images are comparable to the previously proposed approaches. This makes it possible to further speed up the computational time of the quantization algorithm.","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":"149-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68184206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Inner Area Change Detection in Pak Panang Bay Before and After the Operation of the Uthokawiphatprasit Watergate using Aerial Photographs and Geographic Information System","authors":"P. Prabnarong, S. Thongkao","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V2I2.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V2I2.158","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates coastal changes in Pak Panang Bay, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province before and after the operation of the Uthokawiphatprasit Watergate over the Pak Panang River by using aerial photographs and geographic information system techniques. The aerial map on 1:15,000 scale produced by The Royal Thai Survey Department in 1974 was compared to the aerial photographs acquired in 1995, 1999 and 2003. The results revealed that from 1974 to 2003, the inner area of Pak Panang Bay increased by a total of 7 km2 (4,375 rai). However, it was found that between 1995 and 1999, 4 years before the operation of the watergate, coastal area increased by 1.89 km2 (1,181.25 rai) compared to 0.19 km2 (118.75 rai) of area expansion from 1999 to 2003, 4 years after the watergate was in operation. Sediment reduction due to the watergate operation may benefit the Pak Panang Bay by delaying the sediment filling of the bay. However, debate over the watergate as the main factor of sediment reduction calls for further investigation.","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":"127-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68184324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmentation of Overlapping Chromosome Images Using Computational Geometry","authors":"Wacharapong Srisang, K. Jaroensutasinee, M. Jaroensutasinee","doi":"10.2004/WJST.V3I2.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2004/WJST.V3I2.136","url":null,"abstract":"Current systems for automatic chromosome classification are interactive and require human intervention for correct separation between touching and overlapping chromosomes. Special separation methods are required to segregate chromosomes because they are non-rigid objects. This study develops a new technique to separate overlapping chromosomes based on computational geometry. This technique requires the identification of all possible cut points from the contour line of overlapping chromosomes, using Voronoi diagrams and Delaunay triangulations to select the four target cut points and cut overlapping chromosomes into two chromosomes. We test our algorithm on 35 overlapping chromosome images and find that 28 out of 35 overlapping chromosomes images can be separated correctly (i.e. 80.0 %). Three out of the 35 images are separate incorrectly (i.e. 8.6 %) and four out of 35 images are not separable by our algorithm (i.e. 11.4 %).","PeriodicalId":38275,"journal":{"name":"Walailak Journal of Science and Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":"181-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68184242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}