Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)最新文献

{"title":"AGE CHANGES IN THE LEVELS OF GLUCOSE, ITS METABOLITES AND AMINOTRANSFERASES ACTIVITY IN WOMEN AND MEN OF MATURE AND ELDERLY AGE","authors":"F. Bichkaeva, O. Vlasova, B. Shengof, A. Bichkaev, E. Nesterova, N. Volkova","doi":"10.17816/humeco100841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco100841","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Adaptation to living conditions in the North in humans is determined by its energy status, in particular glucose homeostasis, and the activity of a number of enzymes - aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). \u0000Aim: To conduct a comparative analysis of the levels of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, activity of AST, ALT, their ratio of different age groups in men and women - residents of the subarctic region of the Arkhangelsk Region. \u0000Methods. The article is an observational cross-sectional uncontrolled study, where differences in the content of carbohydrate metabolism parameters and transferase activity between groups of women and men of different age periods are considered. 437 women and 194 men aged 21-74 years, born and permanently residing in the Arkhangelsk region, were examined. In the blood serum, the glucose content was determined by the enzymatic method, the lactate level was measured by the Trinder reaction, the pyruvate level - by the Umbright method, the activity of AST and ALT - by the unified kinetic method, and the values of the AST/ALT ratio (De Ritis ratio) were calculated. The study participants were divided into 4 age groups: women 21-35, 36-45, 46-55, 56-74 years, men 22-35, 36-45, 46-60 and 61-74 years. \u0000Results: Non-parametric comparison showed an age-related increase in blood glucose in women aged 46-55 years with an increase in the activity of AST, ALT, in men aged 61-74 years with a decrease in ALT, which indicates different mechanisms for its increase; an increase in the number of people with a critical glucose level (prediabetes - 5.6-6.1 mmol / l and above normal) in older age groups can serve as confirmation of the onset of hyperglycemia and be the cause and / or consequence of the insulin resistance. An individual analysis of the De Ritis ratio revealed individuals with different metabolic flows in glucose homeostasis in all gender and age groups. With age in 57.5; 66.7; 59.5 and 52.4% of women and in 72.6; 63.2; 74.1 and 28.6% of men there was predominated anabolic processes, which, with an increase in glucose, increases the risk of insulin resistance. \u0000Conclusions: The shown features of the state of carbohydrate metabolism and aminotransferases in men and women, taking into account age, can contribute to diagnostic and preventive measures to preserve health among the population of the Arctic.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86407899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticles and nanomaterials as inevitable modern toxic agents. Review. Part 2. Main areas of research on toxicity and techniques to measure a content of nanoparticles in tissues.","authors":"A. L. Ivlieva, I. Zinicovscaia, E. Petritskaya, D. Rogatkin","doi":"10.17816/humeco100156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco100156","url":null,"abstract":"This second part of the review considers the following three main areas of research on the toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs): toxicity of environmental NPs, molecular mechanisms of toxicity, and the reproductive toxicity. The main methods for the quantitative measurements of the content of NPs in biological samples are also considered as the necessary stage of research on the toxicity of NPs for humans and animals.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"779 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77651058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation of the Quest Scale questionnaire to study the connection between the religiosity of women and their behavior during pregnancy","authors":"M. Kuzmin, A. Marianian","doi":"10.17816/humeco99544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco99544","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article presents the results of the adaptation of the Quest Scale questionnaire for the study of religiosity in a Russian-speaking sample, including women at different stages of pregnancy. The authors suggest that the study of religiosity as a personal quest is more applicable when studying the religiosity of modern women. The aim is to adapt the Quest Scale questionnaire to study the religiosity of women. Methods. The adaptation of the questionnaire was carried out on a sample of 530 people (50 - pilot sample, 162 - a group of subjects of different genders and ages, 318 - a group of women at different stages of pregnancy; M= 32.8 years, SD - 8.27 years) of different education, ethnic and religious affiliation. Consistency was determined using the Cronbach consistency coefficient , reproducibility - using the ICC coefficient, validity - using factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient r with the use of the methods \"Index of basic spiritual experiences\", the scale of religious orientation (G. Allport, D. Ross), a test to determine the structure of individual religiosity Yu.V. Shcherbatykh. Calculations were carried out in the IBM SPSS 23.0 program. Results. During the adaptation, the questionnaire with a high level of scale consistency was obtained: for the first scale \"Willingness to solve existential problems without reducing their complexity\" = 0.85, for the second scale \"Positive perception of religious doubts\" =0.78, for the third scale \"Openness to change\" = 0.76. At the same time, the level of scale consistency is higher for a group of pregnant women, and lower for a group of subjects of different genders and ages. A sufficient level of stability was recorded during repeated reproduction (ICC0.83 for the first, ICC0.75 for the second and ICC0.85 for the third scales, p=0.0001). The factor structure of the questionnaire is described. During the discussion of the relationship between the scales of the Quest Scale questionnaire and the methods already adapted for the Russian-speaking audience, external validity was established. Conclusions. The adapted Quest Scale questionnaire is suitable for studying the peculiarities of religiosity in the Russian-speaking audience, primarily for women at different stages of pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78767337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CYTOKINE REGULATION OF PROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELLS","authors":"V. Patrakeeva","doi":"10.33396/1728-0869-2015-12-28-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33396/1728-0869-2015-12-28-33","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research was to study effects of various cytokines on proliferation of peripheral blood white cells. There has been carried out an immunological examination of 234 healthy people aged 20 to 50 years, which included a study of immunograms, hemograms, neutrograms, monocytograms and lymphocytograms. In serum with use of ELISA method, there was determined content of tumor markers: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), as well as cytokines: IL-6, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ. The same type of inhibitory effect of elevated concentrations of cytokines, the mechanism of which is probably the induction of expression of tyrosine kinases has been shown. It has been shown that cytokines in concentrations that did not exceed the physiological norms and were close to the average content increased proliferation and differentiation of T and B-lymphocytes thus stimulating cell-mediated and antibody-dependent immune responses. High concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines lead to a sharp reduction in the number of peripheral blood cells with markers of both early and late activation of proliferation without further development of cell-mediated and antibody-dependent responses. Increased concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α in blood serum more than 20 pg / ml reduced content of CEA and AFD, respectively.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74759022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VANADIUM ESSENTIAL ROLE AND TOXIC EFFECTS","authors":"A. Tarantin, В ТарантинА, M. Zemlyanova, Землянова Марина Александровна","doi":"10.33396/1728-0869-2015-12-59-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33396/1728-0869-2015-12-59-64","url":null,"abstract":"At present, the vanadium biological role as an essential microelement is ambiguously perceived by scientists of biomedical research directions. Despite the known expressed toxicity of vanadium various biological effects of this element when administered to the body are of interest. It is shown that vanadium compounds both cause various negative effects playing a role in the pathogenesis of several human diseases, and provide a sufficiently wide range of physiological functions. Vanadium deficiency leads to dysfunction of vital enzyme systems, such as ATPase, protein, ribonuclease and phosphatase, thyroid function regulation, glucose and lipid metabolism, gene of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, protein-activator-1, Interleukin-8, ras, c-raf-1, mitogen-activated protein kinase, p53, nuclear factor kappa B. This indicates vanadium antidiabetic and anticarcinogenic activity. These properties characterize the vanadium as an element of great prospects for the use in dietary supplements and pharmaceutical preparations for the prevention and treatment of socially significant diseases such as diabetes, cancer. This review summarizes the studies of vanadium biological role and its biochemical functions, estimated by its influence on experimental models and human organism.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80316561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECOLOGICAL DIMENSION OF CULTURE OF INDIGENOUS MINOROTIES IN RUSSIAN ARCTIC AREA","authors":"F. Sokolova, Соколова Флера Харисовна, T. Troshina, И ТрошинаТ","doi":"10.33396/1728-0869-2015-11-56-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33396/1728-0869-2015-11-56-64","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, there have been analyzed the basic principles of contemporary science in study of the problem of culture code stability of the northern indigenous minorities which development was strongly influenced by the factors like nature and climate, namely by extreme conditions of human life and activity. This problem is important today as preservation of culture of the northern indigenous small ethnic communities and in fact their preservation as social, and cultural phenomena of the human civilization is of an ethic, scientific and practical interest. The authors proceeded from the assumption that the spiritual and material life of these minorities was based on the principles of \"the ecological imperative\" (the term is offered by the Academician N. N. Moiseev for designation of ethic content of human-nature interactions at the stage when the ecological crisis threatens the mankind). The authors have proposed to understand the reasons for sustainability of all the spheres of the minorities life under growing pressure of the external civilization by using an analysis of different culture phenomena, which are similar among the ethnic groups living independently on the vast territories and have no opportunity to communicate. That kind of culture \"texts\" reveals the process of human adaptation not only to the survival but also to the full value life under the conditions that are severe for representatives of other cultures.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"449 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77700401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INDICATORS OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF STUDENTS OF VARIOUS SOCIAL GROUPS","authors":"S. Notova, Inara E. Alidzhanova, E. Kiyaeva, S. Akimov","doi":"10.17816/humeco16973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco16973","url":null,"abstract":"The results of research of some psychological and psychophysiological indicators of students of various social groups (orphan students and students from usual families) in the course of adaptation to university training have been presented. Assessment of psychophysiological parameters was carried out with application of the standardized, approved techniques (A. Bass and A. Darki's technique adapted by A. K. Osnitsky: attention assessment, a test for noise stability). The conducted research has revealed reliable differences in psychophysiological characteristics of the students from various social groups. \"Verbal aggression\", \"sense of guilt\" and \"the aggression index\" were significantly lower (by 10.0; 25.0 and 4.5 % respectively) in the orphan students in comparison with the girls from the usual families. Psychophysiological tests \"Attention assessment\" and \"Noise stability\" have revealed a low degree of noise stability in the examined girls of both groups. \"Physical\" and \"indirect aggression\" were significantly higher in the orphan students. The test \"Noise stability\" has identified lower indicators of response time in the orphan students (by 7 %) and the system lower functional level (by 8 %). The correlation analysis has shown the nature of the interrelation of noise stability and the students' individual and psychological features. The received results demonstrate the necessity of the students' adaptation processes monitoring for timely arrangement of medical-preventive actions.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82820498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF LEGIONELLA GENUS STRAINS ISOLATED IN TERRITORY OF PRIMORSKY AREA","authors":"A. Martynova, В МартыноваА, L. Balabanova, А БалабановаЛ, E. A. Bogatyrenko, А БогатыренкоЕ, L. S. Buzoleva, С БузолеваЛ","doi":"10.33396/1728-0869-2015-10-14-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33396/1728-0869-2015-10-14-17","url":null,"abstract":"The spread of microorganisms of Legionella genus is a significant problem of ecology of microorganisms. Being widely spread, these microorganisms remain uncultivated. The aim of our research was to reveal spreadштп of microbes of Legionella genus in natural and anthropogenic ecosystems in order to define the role of Legionella pneumophilla. Methods: we studied 150 samples received from the natural (75 samples) and anthropogenic (75 samples) ecosystems. The strains of Legionella pneumophilla were identified with PCR. Results: the strains of Legionella genus were identified in 37.7 % (28/75) of all samples obtained from the natural ecological niches and in 33.3 % (25/75) of the samples obtained from the anthropogenic ecological niches. Discussion of the results: the Legionella strains play a significant role in the association of water microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74313534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STATEMENT OF NEED TO DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT MEDICAL AND PREVENTIVE CARE PROGRAMS FOR POPULATION UNDER EXPOSURE TO CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS","authors":"I. Saldan, P. Shur, A. A. Ushakov, O. I. Goleva, A. S. Katunina, A. Khasanova","doi":"10.17816/humeco16992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco16992","url":null,"abstract":"For the purpose of stating the need in medical and preventive care programs for people under long-term exposure to anthropogenic chemical pollutants impact, assessment of harmful effects on health of the Loctevsky district (the Altai Krai) population due to emissions of ore-dressing plant tailing dump has been performed. The harmful health effects assessment was carried out using the health risk assessment methodology and epidemiological research methods. According to the study results, there have been determined unacceptable risks of progress of the respiratory system disorders, blood diseases and systemic disturbances associated with exposure to copper oxide (II) and particulates. There have been established statistically significant cause and effect relationships between risk factors and blood diseases including anaemia and chronic diseases of tonsils and adenoids in children; asthma in adults. Economic losses associated with actual prevalence have been assessed. According to the study results, it is necessary to develop and implement medical and preventive care programs for people under long-term exposure to the studied substances.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73444452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEATURES OF EXTERNAL BREATH SYSTEM REACTION (RESPONSE) TO LOCAL COOLING OF HAND AND FOOT SKIN IN YOUNG ABLE-BODIED PERSONS","authors":"A. Gudkov, A. A. Shangina, D. Fedotov, A. Gribanov","doi":"10.17816/humeco17006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco17006","url":null,"abstract":"Changes of static and dynamic indicators of the external breath function during local cooling of the hand and foot skin in 30 young men and 30 girls aged 18-24 years which were born and constantly lived in the European North of Russia has been studied. The study was carried out with the ergospirometry system Oxycon Pro. At the initial stage, the indicators of functional state of external breath were estimated with the spirography. The following stage consisted of carrying out local cooling of the hand skin. The examinee put down a hand for 1 minute in a vessel with water which temperature successively was 24° С, 15° С and 8° С. Right after cooling repeated spirography was performed. The restoration interval between the tests was 25-30 minutes. In the same sequence, cooling of feet was carried out, and spirography was performed.\u0000It has been established that local cooling significantly influenced some indicators of external breath. Thus during cold impact on the skin peripheral thermoreceptors both of the hands and feet of the girls, a statistically significant increase in the respiratory minute volume (RMV) and respiratory rate (RR) indicators was observed, and in the young men, similar reactions were revealed only during feet cooling. During cooling of the young men's hands, only the RR value increased significantly, while the maximal breathing capacity (MBC) values and the breathing reserve (BR) values significantly decreased. Besides, a decrease in the RR indicators during cold impact on the foot skin in the young men was observed.","PeriodicalId":38121,"journal":{"name":"Ekologiya Cheloveka (Human Ecology)","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84897602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}