Digital journal of ophthalmology : DJO最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of artificial language-adjusted readability on cataract surgery queries.","authors":"Michael X Lin, Azam S Husain, Libby Wei, Isa S K Mohammed, Sara Francomacaro, Wuqaas M Munir","doi":"10.5693/djo.01.2026.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.5693/djo.01.2026.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To analyze accuracy and readability of answers to cataract surgery queries produced by artificial intelligence (AI) models and determine whether AI models can significantly improve readability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Google Gemini Advanced, ChatGPT 4.0, and Microsoft Copilot Pro were prompted to answer 25 questions about cataract surgery, followed by a request to re-answer questions at a 6th-grade level. Objective readability of answers were measured with five validated reading formulas and word count. Accuracy and readability of each answer were further graded by three ophthalmologists. Comparisons were performed between original and 6th-grade versions and among the three AI models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After being prompted to answer at a 6th-grade reading level, Google Gemini Advanced and Microsoft Copilot Pro had lower average reading level than ChatGPT 4.0 (8.04 vs 8.19 vs 9.43 [<i>P</i> < 0.001]). Microsoft Copilot answers had higher Flesch reading ease score (75.40 vs 71.24 vs 69.46 [<i>P</i> < 0.007]) and lower word count (130.28 vs 180.24 vs 166.08 [<i>P</i> < 0.001]) among AI models. Microsoft Copilot Pro and ChatGPT 4.0 answers had greater change in reading level (-6.13 vs -5.75 vs -3.31 [<i>P</i> < 0.001]) and Flesch reading ease score (39.67 vs 35.98 vs 23.67 [<i>P</i> < 0.001]) compared with Google Gemini Advanced. Graders determined that there were no changes in accuracy before and after being prompted to answer at a 6th-grade reading level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AI models can simplify reading level of responses to common cataract surgery queries while maintaining accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":38112,"journal":{"name":"Digital journal of ophthalmology : DJO","volume":"32 2","pages":"32-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13455132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraocular inflammation and presumed retinal vasculitis following initial pegcetacoplan intravitreal injection.","authors":"Josephine R Seela, Talhah Zubair, Tommaso Vagaggini, David F Williams","doi":"10.5693/djo.02.2026.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.5693/djo.02.2026.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a case of presumed retinal vasculitis and precipitous complete vision loss following a single intravitreal injection of pegcetacoplan. A 76-year-old woman received intravitreal pegcetacoplan in the right eye for geographic atrophy. Visual acuity was 20/50 right eye. Ten days after the injection, she experienced initial signs of subjective vision loss. On day 11, she presented with elevated intraocular pressure and visual acuity of hand motions, worsening to no light perception (NLP) by day 12. Anterior chamber and vitreous fluid taps for Gram stain and culture were negative. On day 22, the patient had diffuse retinal hemorrhages along a retinal vascular distribution. At day 83, visual acuity remained NLP. This patient developed presumed occlusive retinal vasculitis, progressing from visual acuity of 20/50 to NLP within 2 days of initial subjective vision loss and 12 days of a single intravitreal pegcetacoplan injection.</p>","PeriodicalId":38112,"journal":{"name":"Digital journal of ophthalmology : DJO","volume":"32 2","pages":"50-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13455129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extensive orbital invasion by conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in an anophthalmic socket: a case report.","authors":"Vijay K Selva, Yinon Shapira, Dinesh Selva","doi":"10.5693/djo.02.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.5693/djo.02.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the case of a 75-year-old man with conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in his anophthalmic socket that had resulted from enucleation at age 5. He had a 6-week history of a palpable, right orbital mass and periocular pain. Examination revealed a right inferolateral orbital mass and keratinization of the inferior fornix. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an extensive mass in the inferolateral orbit. Biopsy showed squamous cell carcinoma. The patient underwent exenteration with temporalis flap reconstruction followed by adjunctive radiotherapy. A metastasis to the right parotid was excised at 6 months. This case illustrates the potential for extensive orbital invasion and perineural spread by ocular surface squamous neoplasia in an anophthalmic socket despite minimal conjunctival signs.</p>","PeriodicalId":38112,"journal":{"name":"Digital journal of ophthalmology : DJO","volume":"32 2","pages":"47-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13455130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pickleball-related eye injuries presenting to United States emergency departments, 2010-2023.","authors":"Alisha Kamboj, Sandhya Kistamgari, Ali Mokhtarzadeh, Andrew R Harrison, Gary A Smith","doi":"10.5693/djo.01.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.5693/djo.01.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To characterize the epidemiology of pickleball-related eye injuries in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System were analyzed for individuals treated in US emergency departments (ED) for pickleball-related eye injuries from 2010 through 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on a sample of 117 actual cases, there were an estimated 6,015 individuals treated in US emergency departments for pickleball-related eye injury. From 2022 to 2023, the rate of injuries increased by 37.3%. The mean age of individuals was 59.9 years. Approximately 54.7% of individuals were male. The most common mechanisms of injury were fall with facial trauma (n = 71 [60.7%]), direct impact from a pickleball paddle (n = 18 [15.4%]), and direct impact from a pickleball (n = 12 [10.3%]). The most frequently associated primary diagnoses were laceration (n = 45 [38.5%]), contusions or abrasions (n = 27 [23.1%]), blunt trauma (n = 17 [14.5), and fractures (n = 14 [12.0%]). The top two specific ocular surface or intraocular diagnoses were abrasions and iritis. Most individuals (n = 115 [98.3%]) were treated and released or examined and released without treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on our analysis of a national database, the frequency of pickleball-related eye injuries treated in US EDs has increased, although most ocular injuries are clinically minor.</p>","PeriodicalId":38112,"journal":{"name":"Digital journal of ophthalmology : DJO","volume":"32 2","pages":"26-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13455150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated ocular relapse in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case report.","authors":"Joseph Van Aerschot, Stéphanie Goes, Ingele Casteels, Heidi Segers, Catherine Cassiman","doi":"10.5693/djo.02.2025.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.5693/djo.02.2025.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 5-year-old girl, previously in complete remission from common B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), presented at the University Hospital of Leuven with a unilateral, painless red left eye. Over several weeks, the clinical picture evolved from common conjunctivitis into a painful red eye with iris heterochromia and increased iris vascularization unresponsive to topical and oral antibiotics. No signs of leukemic relapse were detected on comprehensive systemic work-up, including bone marrow and lumbar puncture. Aqueous sampling at this time could not confirm the clinical suspicion of isolated ocular relapse of ALL. Oral prednisolone was initiated, with good clinical response. After discontinuation of steroids, the affected eye developed a hypopyon-like mass in the anterior chamber. Urgent anterior chamber washout was performed. Cytology now confirmed the presence of a leukemic infiltrate, indicating an isolated ocular relapse of common B-ALL. Not only because this was the fourth relapse, but primarily because this patient had already undergone extensive prior treatments, including an allogeneic stem cell transplant just 6 months earlier, there were no systemic therapeutic options available. Palliative radiotherapy to the left orbit was therefore initiated. Two months later, the girl presented with similar symptoms in the right eye, which was also treated with radiotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":38112,"journal":{"name":"Digital journal of ophthalmology : DJO","volume":"32 2","pages":"44-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13455149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Boston Keratoprosthesis implantation in a case of keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome after 31 years of follow-up.","authors":"Federico Cremona, Maria Pilar Jerabek","doi":"10.5693/djo.02.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.5693/djo.02.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the case of a 4-year-old boy diagnosed with keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness (KID) syndrome with long-term follow-up, including multiple surgical and nonsurgical treatments. Genetic testing revealed a missense <i>GJB2</i> mutation (p.Asp50Asn). His ocular condition deteriorated to the point that, at 37 years of age, he required bilateral keratoprosthesis (KPro) implantation, resulting in best-corrected visual acuity of 20/25 in the right eye and 20/40 in the left eye. Our findings suggest that more advanced cases of KID syndrome may benefit from treatment options that rely less on ocular surface stability, such as KPro implantation, whereas therapies that treat the ocular surface may be preferred in early-stage disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":38112,"journal":{"name":"Digital journal of ophthalmology : DJO","volume":"32 2","pages":"40-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13455131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ophthalmology journal article processing charges for publications in a post-COVID world.","authors":"Kush Savsani, Vishnupriya Alavala, Nikisha Richards, Surbhi Bansal","doi":"10.5693/djo.01.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.5693/djo.01.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The period 2002-2021 saw an annual growth rate of 51.46% in listings of open access (OA) journals in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), with a steeper rate of growth corresponding with the onset of COVID-19. The introduction of OA and hybrid models, which give authors traditional subscription and OA options, may have led to increased article processing charges (APCs). This study aimed to analyze the APCs for ophthalmology journal articles after the COVID pandemic and analyze changes in publication modality and cost.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>APC, frequency of publication, and impact factor (IF) were analyzed for 83 MEDLINE-indexed ophthalmology journals. Data were stratified based on publication modality (OA, hybrid, or traditional), and geodistribution, intermodality, and correlation between APC and IF were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Average APC for OA, hybrid, and traditional journals was $1,310.49, $3,550.71, and $7.18, respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Univariate analysis demonstrated a statistically significant impact of hybrid mode (<i>P</i> < 0.001), traditional mode (<i>P</i> = 0.046), and IF >1 (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated a statistically significant effect of the modality of publication on journal APC. Intermodality analysis showed significantly higher APC for hybrid journals than OA or traditional journals, without statistically significant differences in frequency of publication or IF.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ophthalmology journals are experiencing a subject-wide transition from traditional publication to hybrid modality. Since the COVID pandemic, APCs across all publication modes have increased, and there has been a transition from the traditional publishing model to a more lucrative hybrid model.</p>","PeriodicalId":38112,"journal":{"name":"Digital journal of ophthalmology : DJO","volume":"32 1","pages":"8-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13282140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148296595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complications following incisional glaucoma surgery, minimally invasive glaucoma surgery, and cycloablative procedures: a 13-year retrospective review.","authors":"Modupe O Adetunji, Jullia A Rosdahl","doi":"10.5693/djo.01.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.5693/djo.01.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the incidence, clinical course, and treatment outcomes of glaucoma surgery-related infections at a tertiary academic center over a 13-year time period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients presenting at Duke Eye Center between January 1, 2010, and November 11, 2023, who underwent glaucoma surgery, including trabeculectomy, glaucoma drainage device (GDD) placement, GDD revision surgery, trabeculectomy bleb revision surgery, minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS), Xen gel stent implantation, and cycloablative procedures, were identified using an electronic medical record clinical database search. Diagnosis of blebitis, bleb-associated endophthalmitis, and tube malposition or tube exposure were determined using International Classification of Disease (9th and 10th editions) codes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 12,115 glaucoma surgeries (in 6,684 patients) were identified during the study period. GDD implantation comprised the majority of glaucoma surgeries (33%), followed by trabeculectomy (with and without Ex-PRESS mini glaucoma shunt) (25.7%), GDD revision (8.9%), trabeculectomy bleb revision (8.6%), and transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (5.9%). There were 488 MIGS with and without phacoemulsification (4%) and 76 Xen gel stent surgeries (0.6%). Endophthalmitis was diagnosed in 18 eyes (0.96%) that underwent trabeculectomy, 11 eyes that underwent GDD implantation (0.20%), and 1 eye that underwent Xen stent implantation. Blebitis was diagnosed in 7 eyes: 5 were related to trabeculectomy (0.27%), and 2 were related to GDD placement (0.05%). The incidence of GDD malposition or erosion was 10.2%. No cases of endophthalmitis were diagnosed in patients with MIGS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In our study cohort, infectious complications associated with trabeculectomy and GDD implant surgery were low; there were no cases of endophthalmitis associated with MIGS. The rate of GDD complications due to tube malposition or erosion was 10.2%.</p>","PeriodicalId":38112,"journal":{"name":"Digital journal of ophthalmology : DJO","volume":"32 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13282141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148296641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silent sicklers and traumatic hyphema: the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion.","authors":"James Pratt, Caroline H Kerrison, Richard Yi, John Barnhill, Alexander Pogrebniak, Katie Keck","doi":"10.5693/djo.02.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.5693/djo.02.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A previously healthy 6-year-old white boy presented emergently after trauma to his right eye. On examination, intraocular pressure (IOP) was 49 mm Hg, and visual acuity was 20/50. He was diagnosed with a 3 mm layering hyphema. Despite medical therapy and lifestyle modifications, the patient's IOP continued to rise, peaking at 77 mm Hg on day 3 after presentation. Given his elevated IOP despite the addition of new topical medications on daily follow-up, the patient was screened for sickle-cell disease to assess for an underlying pathology that could be exacerbating his elevated IOP. After testing positive for sickle cell trait, the patient was promptly taken to the operating room for anterior chamber washout. The following day, IOP normalized to 14 mm Hg, and visual acuity was 20/25. Hyphemas generally respond well to medical therapy, but patients with sickle cell hemoglobinopathy are at greater risk for permanent vision loss from pressure spikes. This case reinforces the need to collect thorough past medical and family histories and consider early sickle cell screening in all patients failing to respond to IOP-reducing medication or if hemoglobin status is unknown on initial presentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":38112,"journal":{"name":"Digital journal of ophthalmology : DJO","volume":"32 1","pages":"22-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13282138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148296608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent acute bilateral cicatricial conjunctivitis as an adverse event of systemic adalimumab for rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"Artemis Matsou, Sokratis Zormpas, Diandra Antunes, Andrenna McElvanney","doi":"10.5693/djo.02.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.5693/djo.02.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anti-TNF-α therapies, though known for their anti-inflammatory effects, have been associated with paradoxical inflammatory reactions, of which anterior uveitis is the most common. We report a case of recurrent bilateral cicatricial conjunctivitis linked to systemic adalimumab (ADA) treatment in a 66-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The patient experienced worsening bilateral red eyes, blurry vision, and discomfort following each ADA injection. Examination revealed signs of cicatricial inflammation, which responded to corticosteroids but recurred after subsequent ADA doses. Despite these ocular events, adalimumab was continued due to its effective control of systemic RA, with close ophthalmic monitoring. This case suggests a potential direct association between ADA and cicatricial conjunctivitis, a previously undescribed complication. Aggressive topical corticosteroid treatment may allow the continuation of ADA without compromising systemic disease control.</p>","PeriodicalId":38112,"journal":{"name":"Digital journal of ophthalmology : DJO","volume":"32 1","pages":"17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13282139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148296626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}