Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications最新文献_第3页

Programmable Energy-Efficient Analog Multilayer Perceptron Architecture Suitable for Future Expansion to Hardware Accelerators 可编程的节能模拟多层感知器架构，适合将来扩展到硬件加速器

IF 2.1

Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.3390/jlpea13030047

Jeffery M. Dix, J. Holleman, B. Blalock

{"title":"Programmable Energy-Efficient Analog Multilayer Perceptron Architecture Suitable for Future Expansion to Hardware Accelerators","authors":"Jeffery M. Dix, J. Holleman, B. Blalock","doi":"10.3390/jlpea13030047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jlpea13030047","url":null,"abstract":"A programmable, energy-efficient analog hardware implementation of a multilayer perceptron (MLP) is presented featuring a highly programmable system that offers the user the capability to create an MLP neural network hardware design within the available framework. In addition to programmability, this implementation provides energy-efficient operation via analog/mixed-signal design. The configurable system is made up of 12 neurons and is fabricated in a standard 130 nm CMOS process occupying approximately 1 mm2 of on-chip area. The system architecture is analyzed in several different configurations with each achieving a power efficiency of greater than 1 tera-operations per watt. This work offers an energy-efficient and scalable alternative to digital configurable neural networks that can be built upon to create larger networks capable of standard machine learning applications, such as image and text classification. This research details a programmable hardware implementation of an MLP that achieves a peak power efficiency of 5.23 tera-operations per watt while consuming considerably less power than comparable digital and analog designs. This paper describes circuit elements that can readily be scaled up at the system level to create a larger neural network architecture capable of improved energy efficiency.","PeriodicalId":38100,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49267199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Review of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing-Based Modulation Techniques for Light Fidelity 基于正交频分复用的光保真度调制技术综述

IF 2.1

Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications Pub Date : 2023-07-26 DOI: 10.3390/jlpea13030046

Rahmayati Alindra, P. Priambodo, K. Ramli

{"title":"Review of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing-Based Modulation Techniques for Light Fidelity","authors":"Rahmayati Alindra, P. Priambodo, K. Ramli","doi":"10.3390/jlpea13030046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jlpea13030046","url":null,"abstract":"Light Fidelity (LiFi) technology has gained attention and is growing rapidly today. Utilizing light as a propagation medium allows LiFi to promise a wider bandwidth than existing Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) technology and enables the implementation of cellular technology to improve bandwidth utilization. In addition, LiFi is very attractive because it can utilize lighting facilities consisting of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). A LiFi system that uses intensity modulation and direct detection requires the signal of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) to have a real and non-negative value; therefore, certain adjustments must be made. The proposed methods for generating unipolar signals vary from adding a direct current, clipping the signal, superposing several unipolar signals, and hybrid methods as in DC-biased optical (DCO)-OFDM, asymmetrically clipped optical (ACO)-OFDM, layered ACO (LACO)-OFDM, and asymmetrically clipped DC-biased optical (ADO)-OFDM, respectively. In this paper, we review and compare various modulation techniques to support the implementation of LiFi systems using commercial LEDs. The main objective is to obtain a modulation technique with good energy efficiency, efficient spectrum utilization, and low computational complexity so that it is easy for us to apply it in experiments on a laboratory scale.","PeriodicalId":38100,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43288993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

BFT—Low-Latency Bit-Slice Design of Discrete Fourier Transform 离散傅里叶变换的bft -低延迟位片设计

IF 2.1

Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.3390/jlpea13030045

C. Guaragnella, A. Giorgio, M. Rizzi

引用次数: 0

Electromigration-Aware Memory Hierarchy Architecture 感知电迁移的内存层次结构

IF 2.1

Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.3390/jlpea13030044

F. Gabbay, A. Mendelson

{"title":"Electromigration-Aware Memory Hierarchy Architecture","authors":"F. Gabbay, A. Mendelson","doi":"10.3390/jlpea13030044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jlpea13030044","url":null,"abstract":"New mission-critical applications, such as autonomous vehicles and life-support systems, set a high bar for the reliability of modern microprocessors that operate in highly challenging conditions. However, while cutting-edge integrated circuit (IC) technologies have intensified microprocessors by providing remarkable reductions in the silicon area and power consumption, they also introduce new reliability challenges through the complex design rules they impose, creating a significant hurdle in the design process. In this paper, we focus on electromigration (EM), which is a crucial factor impacting IC reliability. EM refers to the degradation process of IC metal nets when used for both power supply and interconnecting signals. Typically, EM concerns have been addressed at the backend, circuit, and layout levels, where EM rules are enforced assuming extreme conditions to identify and resolve violations. This study presents new techniques that leverage architectural features to mitigate the effect of EM on the memory hierarchy of modern microprocessors. Architectural approaches can reduce the complexity of solving EM-related violations, and they can also complement and enhance common existing methods. In this study, we present a comprehensive simulation analysis that demonstrates how the proposed solution can significantly extend the lifetime of a microprocessor’s memory hierarchy with minimal overhead in terms of performance, power, and area while relaxing EM design efforts.","PeriodicalId":38100,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48482497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Extended Range Divider Technique for Multi-Band PLL 一种多波段锁相环的扩展分程技术

IF 2.1

Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.3390/jlpea13030043

Rizwan Shaik Peerla, A. Dutta, B. Sahoo

引用次数: 0

FTFNet: Multispectral Image Segmentation FTFNet：多光谱图像分割

IF 2.1

Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.3390/jlpea13030042

Justin Edwards, M. El-Sharkawy

引用次数: 0

Resonator Arrays for Linear Position Sensors 用于线性位置传感器的谐振阵列

IF 2.1

Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.3390/jlpea13020041

Mattia Simonazzi, L. Sandrolini, A. Mariscotti

{"title":"Resonator Arrays for Linear Position Sensors","authors":"Mattia Simonazzi, L. Sandrolini, A. Mariscotti","doi":"10.3390/jlpea13020041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jlpea13020041","url":null,"abstract":"A contactless position sensor based on an array of magnetically coupled resonators and an external single coil cell is discussed for both stationary and dynamic applications. The simple structure allows the sensor to be adapted to the system in which it is installed and can be used to detect the positions of objects in motion that bear an external resonator coil that does not necessitate a supply. By exploiting the unique behaviour of the array input impedance, it is possible to identify the position of the external resonator by exciting the first array cell with an external voltage source and measuring the resulting input current. The system is robust and suitable for application in harsh environments. The sensitivity of the measured input impedance to the space variation is adjustable with the definition of the array geometry and is analysed. Different configurations of the array and external resonator are considered, and the effects of various termination conditions and the resulting factor of merit after changing the coil resistance are discussed. The proposed procedure is numerically validated for an array of ten identical magnetically coupled resonators with 15 cm side lengths. Simulations carried out for a distance of up to 20 cm show that, with a quality factor lower than 100 and optimal terminations of both the array and external coil, it is possible to detect the position of the latter.","PeriodicalId":38100,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49467893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient GEMM Implementation for Vision-Based Object Detection in Autonomous Driving Applications 自动驾驶应用中基于视觉的目标检测的高效GEMM实现

Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.3390/jlpea13020040

Fatima Zahra Guerrouj, Sergio Rodríguez Flórez, Mohamed Abouzahir, Abdelhafid El Ouardi, Mustapha Ramzi

引用次数: 0

Nanomaterial-Based Sensor Array Signal Processing and Tuberculosis Classification Using Machine Learning 基于纳米材料的传感器阵列信号处理和基于机器学习的结核分类

IF 2.1

Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-29 DOI: 10.3390/jlpea13020039

Chenxi Liu, I. Cohen, Rotem Vishinkin, H. Haick

{"title":"Nanomaterial-Based Sensor Array Signal Processing and Tuberculosis Classification Using Machine Learning","authors":"Chenxi Liu, I. Cohen, Rotem Vishinkin, H. Haick","doi":"10.3390/jlpea13020039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jlpea13020039","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) has long been recognized as a significant health concern worldwide. Recent advancements in noninvasive wearable devices and machine learning (ML) techniques have enabled rapid and cost-effective testing for the real-time detection of TB. However, small datasets are often encountered in biomedical and chemical engineering domains, which can hinder the success of ML models and result in overfitting issues. To address this challenge, we propose various data preprocessing methods and ML approaches, including long short-term memory (LSTM), convolutional neural network (CNN), Gramian angular field-CNN (GAF-CNN), and multivariate time series with MinCutPool (MT-MinCutPool), for classifying a small TB dataset consisting of multivariate time series (MTS) sensor signals. Our proposed methods are compared with state-of-the-art models commonly used in MTS classification (MTSC) tasks. We find that lightweight models are more appropriate for small-dataset problems. Our experimental results demonstrate that the average performance of our proposed models outperformed the baseline methods in all aspects. Specifically, the GAF-CNN model achieved the highest accuracy of 0.639 and the highest specificity of 0.777, indicating its superior effectiveness for MTSC tasks. Furthermore, our proposed MT-MinCutPool model surpassed the baseline MTPool model in all evaluation metrics, demonstrating its viability for MTSC tasks.","PeriodicalId":38100,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48348467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultra-Low-Power ICs for the Internet of Things 用于物联网的超低功耗IC

IF 2.1

Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications Pub Date : 2023-05-26 DOI: 10.3390/jlpea13020038

O. Aiello

引用次数: 1