Water and Ecology最新文献_第7页

SOME ASPECTS OF THE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF WATER LINE SLUDGE FROM LOW-TURBIDITY AND LOW-COLOR SOURCES 低浊度、低色源水线污泥处理处置的若干方面

Water and Ecology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.64-70

Yuliya A. Ryltseva

{"title":"SOME ASPECTS OF THE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF WATER LINE SLUDGE FROM LOW-TURBIDITY AND LOW-COLOR SOURCES","authors":"Yuliya A. Ryltseva","doi":"10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.64-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.64-70","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The paper deals with a method of thickening water line sludge of low-turbidity and low-color natural water using high-molecular polyelectrolytes. The authors provide recommendations for its future disposal. Methods: Experiments were carried out with the use of real sludge selected from sludge tanks at water supply stations. The experiments were based on a comprehensive study of its qualitative characteristics (physical, chemical, mineral). The monitoring of indicators was carried out in accordance with standard methods and recommendations of study guides. The results were processed using methods of mathematical statistics. Results: As a result, it was found that cationic polyacrylamides are the most acceptable agents for sludge thickening. They increase the sludge thickening effect by up to 15%, reduce turbidity and color of supernatant water by 25 and 45%, respectively. The optimum time for thickening is 24 hours. Among directions of the “beneficial” disposal of dewatered sludge, it is recommended to utilize it in the production of soils and building ceramics. Conclusion: The results of the study can be translated into the development and optimization of sludge processing schemes at water supply stations performing treatment of low-turbidity and low-color natural water. Besides, the methods of sludge disposal under consideration will make it possible to reduce the need to increase the area for sludge cake storage or stop using such territories completely.","PeriodicalId":38092,"journal":{"name":"Water and Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68782756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SOIL THAWING AROUND SHALLOW SEWAGE PIPELINES IN WINTER 冬季浅埋污水管道周围土壤融化试验研究

Water and Ecology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.71-78

L. Terekhov, S. Mayny, Nikolay Andreyevich Сhernikov

{"title":"EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SOIL THAWING AROUND SHALLOW SEWAGE PIPELINES IN WINTER","authors":"L. Terekhov, S. Mayny, Nikolay Andreyevich Сhernikov","doi":"10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.71-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.71-78","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article addresses issues related to the thermal interaction of sewage pipelines (with complete and incomplete filling) with soils characterized by deep seasonal freezing up to three or more meters in areas with severe climate. Sewage pipelines represent one of the main elements of the water disposal system, determining its reliability and efficiency. To reduce the costs for the construction of sewage pipelines, it is proposed to reduce the depth of pipe laying, i.e. to lay pipelines in a layer of frozen soil. The conducted experimental studies of the interaction between a pipeline and frozen soil revealed conditions under which it is possible to lay pipes in a layer of frozen soil. Methods. The purpose of this study was to determine experimentally the size of the talik around a pipeline laid in frozen soil, with heated water passing through, with the pipeline filling of 0.5 where the water flow covered the full cross-section. To determine the size of the talik, a series of laboratory experiments were carried out. The paper provides a description of the corresponding experimental setup. Results. The authors present results of the laboratory experiments aimed to determine the size of the talik around a pipeline operating with different degrees of filling. They established that in a pipeline where the water flow covers full cross-section, the contours of thawed soil are close to a circumference; in a pipeline with the filling h/d = 0,5, the talik is egg-shaped. According to the results of a comparative analysis of the talik sizes obtained experimentally and by calculations, the actual talik sizes exceed the calculated values by 10–16%.","PeriodicalId":38092,"journal":{"name":"Water and Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68782799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT ON THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF RIVERS IN THE LENINGRAD REGION 人类活动对列宁格勒地区河流生态状况的影响

Water and Ecology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.96-108

V. Rodionov, A. Dregulo, A. V. Kudryavtsev, Saint Petersburg Russian Federation Design

{"title":"ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT ON THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF RIVERS IN THE LENINGRAD REGION","authors":"V. Rodionov, A. Dregulo, A. V. Kudryavtsev, Saint Petersburg Russian Federation Design","doi":"10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.96-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.96-108","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Water resources of the Leningrad Region are intensively used to ensure water supply and meet the demands of agricultural and energy industries as well as demands related to navigation, fish farming and recreation activities. The problem of using and protecting small rivers, small lakes, ponds and other natural and artificial links of the hydrological network caused the emergence of “hot ecological spots”. Materials and methods. The paper addresses issues related to anthropogenic impact and accumulation of environmental damage using small rivers of the Leningrad Region as an example. The study is based on current and retrospective data of the authors and third-party researchers, which made it possible to define the development prospects of the water sector in the Leningrad Region. Results and discussion. According to the results of the study, the main type of anthropogenic impact related to economic activity is associated with processing enterprises and urbanization. Besides, for many years, the deterioration of the state of small rivers and watercourses has been determined by their multifaceted use, and with the growing economic stagnation since the 1990s, these problems only have worsened. Conclusion. As a way out, it is possible to improve the management of natural objects. The authors conclude that the management of environmental objects in river catchment areas implies the improvement of economic activity and the direct management of natural objects.","PeriodicalId":38092,"journal":{"name":"Water and Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68782871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

ENSURING PHYSICAL INTEGRITY AND ENERGY SAVING IN WATER TRANSPORT PIPELINE SYSTEMS AFTER THEIR RECONSTRUCTION 确保输水管道系统改造后的物理完整性和节能性

Water and Ecology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.37-46

V. Orlov

引用次数: 1

EFFECT OF ULTRASOUND ON PH CHANGE IN WATER 超声波对水中ph值变化的影响

Water and Ecology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.3-8

P. Vikulin, V. Vikulina

{"title":"EFFECT OF ULTRASOUND ON PH CHANGE IN WATER","authors":"P. Vikulin, V. Vikulina","doi":"10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.3-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.3-8","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The paper deals with physical and chemical effects in water, occurring under the action of the ultrasonic field based on the theory of cavitation bubble dynamics. The scope of the study is an aqueous environment, while ultrasound effects are chosen as the subject of the study. Methods. The paper describes equipment and a methodology for conducting experimental studies in a laboratory and suggests a layout of the experimental setup for ultrasonic liquid treatment, consisting of a generator, converter, and reactor. Results. It is shown that chemical transformations under the action of ultrasonic vibrations occur in an aqueous environment in the cavitation mode. The authors describe the appearance of active radicals in water as well as ionized hydrated electrons with neutral water molecules attached. They also introduce schemes of water splitting with the formation of active radicals that can change pH. It is noted that a cavitation cavity can serve as a source of intermediate products with high reactivity. The authors consider the principle of high temperatures occurrence during the adiabatic compression of a cavitation bubble. They also review a scheme of cavitation bubble formation in an aqueous environment with dissolved gases. An equation suggested by Ya. I. Frenkel, determining the field intensity in a bubble cavity at the moment of its formation, is shown. Physical parameters of the ultrasonic field for the occurrence of cavitation in an aqueous environment are given. The potentiometric method of water pH measurement is used. The authors also performed experimental studies and analyzed the data on water pH change in the ultrasonic field.","PeriodicalId":38092,"journal":{"name":"Water and Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68782691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

POTENTIAL OF THE TECHNOLOGY FOR THE ADVANCED TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER USING GRANULAR-BED FILTERS WITH AN INERT MEDIUM 采用惰性介质的颗粒床过滤器深度处理废水技术的潜力

Water and Ecology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.20-29

N. Zaletova, S. Zaletov, Moscow Russia “Eurolos” Llc

{"title":"POTENTIAL OF THE TECHNOLOGY FOR THE ADVANCED TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER USING GRANULAR-BED FILTERS WITH AN INERT MEDIUM","authors":"N. Zaletova, S. Zaletov, Moscow Russia “Eurolos” Llc","doi":"10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.20-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.20-29","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The modern wastewater treatment process flow involves the use of granular-bed filters with an inert medium, which make it possible to increase the degree of treatment regarding biologically treated wastewater by removing suspended solids and partially reduce the concentration of organic substances. Filters for advanced treatment are quite expensive. This may be a reason for the fact they are not included in the recommended best available technologies. Methods. Technologies and designs of some filters open the possibility to use these filters to solve integrated tasks: not only to improve the degree of treatment by removing organic substances and suspended solids but also to remove such nutrients as nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, which is very important at present. With this approach, the importance of filters in the process flow increases significantly. Results. The most significant result was obtained using “dry” filters. Studies of dry filtration show that, with the use of granular-bed filters with synthetic expanded medium, it is possible to ensure the enhanced removal of nitrogen compounds. With the appropriate design of filters and technological parameters of the filtering mode, unique tasks can be performed, including the removal of phosphates and ammonium ion to achieve maximum allowable concentrations in fishery water bodies. Conclusion. The involvement of filters, providing the enhanced removal of a wide range of pollutants, in the modern process flow will effectively solve the current problems of wastewater treatment. Each element of the process flow will be able to operate in an optimal mode. The technological importance and economic attractiveness of filters will increase. Besides, filters will perform the role of a barrier: they will stabilize the operation of a wastewater treatment system in general.","PeriodicalId":38092,"journal":{"name":"Water and Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68782630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MODELING THE LOAD ON RECEPTION FACILITIES 模拟接收设施的负荷

Water and Ecology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.3.38-46

Sergey Vladimirovich Vas’kin, Margarita Sergeevna Dmitrieva

引用次数: 0

CURRENT ECOLOGICAL STATE OF LAKE DONUZLAV 多努兹拉夫湖的生态现状

Water and Ecology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.3.47-58

N. Ivanyutin

引用次数: 1

BENEFICIAL USE OF SEWAGE SLUDGE INCINERATION ASH IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY 污泥焚烧灰烬在国民经济中的有益利用

Water and Ecology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.3.16-25

Y. Smirnov, M. Suchkova

{"title":"BENEFICIAL USE OF SEWAGE SLUDGE INCINERATION ASH IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY","authors":"Y. Smirnov, M. Suchkova","doi":"10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.3.16-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.3.16-25","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The paper provides an assessment of the possibility of using the ash of sewage sludge incineration as a useful component. When choosing a method for its beneficial use, it is important to consider the danger of its contamination with heavy metals. Methods. The content of heavy metals in the ash was analyzed using X-ray fluorescence and atomic absorption spectroscopy methods. The waste hazard class was determined and confirmed based on the water extract bioassay method. Doses of allowable waste application to the soil were calculated with account for the content of heavy metals in the ash. Results. According to the results of laboratory tests, ash (as a component of soil mixture) has a positive effect on the germination dynamics and plant growth (with Trifolium praténse as an example). These data suggest the possibility of using waste in technical reclamation. The estimated result of the development is an organic-mineral soil mixture based on the ash of sewage sludge incineration, which also can be used for strengthening and improvement of road slopes. Conclusion. The proposed developments will make it possible to solve issues of incineration ash disposal. The complex of the research methods applied in the course of this study can be successfully used to assess the degree of contamination with heavy metals in other solid wastes and soils.","PeriodicalId":38092,"journal":{"name":"Water and Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68782307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

TERTIARY TREATMENT OF COLD AND HOT WATER IN APARTMENT HOUSES AND CLUSTERS OF ST. PETERSBURG 圣彼得堡公寓和小区的冷热水三级处理

Water and Ecology Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.54-63

N. I. Rukobratsky, R. E. Baruzdin

{"title":"TERTIARY TREATMENT OF COLD AND HOT WATER IN APARTMENT HOUSES AND CLUSTERS OF ST. PETERSBURG","authors":"N. I. Rukobratsky, R. E. Baruzdin","doi":"10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.54-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.54-63","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Neva River is the source of water supply of St. Petersburg. The physical and chemical properties of its water are unstable. Therefore, due to corrosion in distribution networks of both cold and hot water supply it is not always possible to provide the consumers with high-quality water, particularly in terms of organoleptic indicators and content of iron. Russian housing market now includes a considerable share of comfort class estate characterized by low water intake and considerable breaks in water consumption. Thus, the beginning of consumption demonstrates such quality of cold, and especially hot, water that does not meet the organoleptic requirements of Sanitary Regulations and Norms (SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-02). Methods. The paper provides data on stabilization processing of tap water by filtering through the fractioned natural materials: calcite, dolomite and sorbent of «MS»; technological schemes of installations of tertiary treatment and possible structure of their equipment and technical characteristics. The study presents test results and water samples for hot water distribution in house networks of two different designs: one with polypropylene pipes and partial use of carbon steel fittings and connecting elements and the other one built completely from corrosion-resistant materials. Results. Improvement of quality of cold and hot water in apartment houses is possible by application of local installations of tertiary treatment of cold and hot water and use in the parting networks of pipelines of polymeric materials, shut-off and control valves, connecting elements of polymeric materials and alloys of non-ferrous metals.","PeriodicalId":38092,"journal":{"name":"Water and Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68782746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1