European Journal of Radiology Open最新文献

{"title":"Impact of high-iodine concentration contrast material for dual-energy CT angiography on arterial visualization: A single-blind, randomized controlled trial","authors":"Yoshifumi Noda ,&nbsp;Shoma Nagata ,&nbsp;Taketo Suto ,&nbsp;Masashi Asano ,&nbsp;Takuma Ishihara ,&nbsp;Takeshi Iwata ,&nbsp;Toshiharu Miyoshi ,&nbsp;Nobuyuki Kawai ,&nbsp;Tetsuro Kaga ,&nbsp;Masayuki Matsuo","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2026.100733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejro.2026.100733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the effect of high-iodine concentration contrast material for dual-energy CT angiography (DECTA) on arterial visualizations by comparing it with medium-iodine concentration.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled trial included 100 consecutive participants undergoing DECTA from November 2023 to February 2025. The participants were randomly assigned into two protocols: receiving high-iodine concentration contrast material of 370 mgI/mL (Group A, <em>n</em> = 51) and receiving medium-iodine concentration of 300 mgI/mL (Group B, <em>n</em> = 49). The axial, coronal, and volume-rendered (VR) images were reconstructed at 40 keV in both groups. Two radiologists reviewed three image types and assessed the arterial visualizations using a five-point scale. The primary outcome was the score for the iliolumbar artery on the VR images, whereas secondary outcomes were the scores for all others. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was conducted to compare the outcomes between the two groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No statistical significance in terms of the score for the iliolumbar artery on the VR images was found between the two groups; however, the median score was higher in Group A than in Group B (3.5 vs. 3.0; <em>P</em> = .05). The scores for secondary outcomes in Group A were equal to or greater than that in Group B, and significant differences were observed, especially in the small arteries, including the bronchial, internal thoracic, intercostal, left gastric, and inferior phrenic arteries (<em>P</em> &lt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In small arteries, the protocol with high-iodine concentration contrast material exhibited better arterial visualizations compared with medium-iodine concentration in DECTA at 40 keV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100733"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced image quality in head and neck MRI with PROPELLER and deep learning reconstruction","authors":"Yuki Takano ,&nbsp;Noriyuki Fujima ,&nbsp;Motoma Kanaya ,&nbsp;Yukie Shimizu ,&nbsp;Yohei Ikebe ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Kameda ,&nbsp;Taisuke Harada ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kano ,&nbsp;Akihiro Homma ,&nbsp;Kohsuke Kudo","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2026.100771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejro.2026.100771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the benefits of combining the Periodically Rotated Overlapping ParallEL Lines with Enhanced Reconstruction (PROPELLER) acquisition technique and deep learning<img>based reconstruction (DLR) for fat-suppressed T2-weighted imaging (Fs-T2WI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in head and neck MRI.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included 34 patients who underwent 3.0-T head and neck MRI. Imaging protocols comprised PROPELLER-based Fs-T2WI and DWI, which were compared against conventional multiplanar fast spin-echo Fs-T2WI and single-shot echo-planar imaging DWI. All sequences were reconstructed using a DLR algorithm. Two radiologists independently performed qualitative assessment, evaluating overall image quality, lesion conspicuity, anatomical delineation, and artifact severity using a 5-point Likert scale. The quantitative assessment involved measurements of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in the lesions, adjacent muscle, parotid glands, and submandibular glands. Interobserver agreement was determined using weighted kappa statistics, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for statistical comparisons.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The PROPELLER sequences exhibited significantly higher qualitative scores for all evaluated parameters in both Fs-T2WI and DWI compared to the conventional sequences (p &lt; 0.001). The interobserver agreement for the Fs-T2WI was moderate (0.47–0.53), and that for DWI was good (0.76–0.83). The quantitative analysis further demonstrated significantly higher SNRs and lesion-to-muscle CNRs with the PROPELLER sequences (p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combination of PROPELLER acquisition and DLR significantly improves the image quality and lesion conspicuity in head and neck MRI. This approach effectively suppresses artifacts and improves quantitative image metrics, thereby positioning it as a reliable imaging strategy for routine clinical assessments of head and neck lesions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100771"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148177914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosing residual malignancy after excisional biopsy for breast cancer: Comparison with excisional biopsy margin status","authors":"Ji Hee Kim ,&nbsp;Hera Jung ,&nbsp;Ji Hee Park ,&nbsp;Jieun Koh","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2026.100767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejro.2026.100767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the diagnostic performance of dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI and to compare it with excisional biopsy margin status in predicting residual malignancy after excisional biopsy for breast cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><div>This retrospective study included 170 patients who underwent excisional biopsy followed by subsequent definitive surgery between February 2020 and October 2023. Clinical and MRI features were compared between patients with and without residual malignancy. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors of residual malignancy. Diagnostic performance was assessed for MRI findings, MRI final assessment, and excisional biopsy margin status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Residual malignancy was present in 88/170 patients (51.8%). Larger tumor size, positive excisional biopsy margins, and MRI final assessment suggestive of residual malignancy were significantly more frequent in the residual malignancy group (P ≤ 0.001). On multivariate analysis, positive excisional biopsy margins (OR: 2.753; P = 0.005) and MRI final assessment suggestive of residual malignancy (OR: 2.538; P = 0.009) were independently associated with residual malignancy. MRI final assessment showed lower sensitivity but higher specificity than excisional biopsy margin status (67.0% vs 73.9% and 62.2% vs 53.7%, respectively), without significant differences (P = 0.377 and 0.324). Combining both parameters improved sensitivity to 88.6% when either test was positive, and specificity to 80.5% when both tests were positive.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>MRI final assessment demonstrated diagnostic performance comparable to excisional biopsy margin. Their combined use may optimize diagnostic strategy according to clinical context, and MRI may provide complementary information, particularly when margin information is unavailable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100767"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148241361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The consequences of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) in patients with tumoral obstructive jaundice: A retrospective study and review of literature","authors":"Javad Jalili,&nbsp;Yaser Ahmadi,&nbsp;Mahsa Karbasi,&nbsp;Sarah Vaseghi,&nbsp;Mahdiyeh Baastani Khajeh,&nbsp;Sahar Rezaei,&nbsp;Esmaeil Gharepapagh,&nbsp;Alireza Motamedi","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2025.100722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejro.2025.100722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is widely used in malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ), but most series report aggregate complication rates without stratification by tumor type. This limits individualized risk counseling and hampers benchmarking across centers.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate short-term outcomes of PTBD in a large single-center cohort, with a focus on tumor-specific complication patterns using patient-level attribution and robust statistical methods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed 453 patients with MOJ undergoing PTBD (2017–2022). Complications within 30 days were recorded at the patient level, with downstream sequelae attributed to the index event. Exact tests and Firth penalized logistic regression were applied to mitigate sparse-data bias. Survival status was documented through 90 days.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Technical success was 100 %, and mean bilirubin declined significantly within 48 h. Twenty-two complications occurred in 21 patients (4.6 %), lower than most published series. Catheter displacement (1.5 %) was the most frequent event, while severe bleeding (0.2 %) and biliary peritonitis (0.6 %) were rare and managed without surgery. No cholangitis was observed. Complications were most frequent in cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic cancer, although differences across tumor types were not statistically significant. Follow-up was complete; no deaths occurred within 90 days, yielding 30-day and 90-day survival rates of 100 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PTBD is highly effective and safe in MOJ, with lower complication rates than many prior reports. Tumor-specific analysis revealed variation in complication subtypes but no significant differences in overall incidence. The rigorous methodology and complete follow-up provide a robust framework for individualized risk profiling and multicenter benchmarking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100722"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia on chest CT via the mean curvature of isophotes","authors":"Peter Savadjiev ,&nbsp;Morteza Rezanejad ,&nbsp;Sahir Bhatnagar ,&nbsp;David Camirand ,&nbsp;Claude Kauffmann ,&nbsp;Kaleem Siddiqi ,&nbsp;Ronald J. Dandurand ,&nbsp;Patrick Bourgouin ,&nbsp;Carl Chartrand-Lefebvre ,&nbsp;Alexandre Semionov","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2025.100723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejro.2025.100723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To test whether the mean curvature of isophotes (MCI), a geometric image transformation, can be used to improve automatic detection on chest CT of Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP), a determining radiological pattern in the diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included chest CT scans from 234 patients (123 female,111 male; mean age: 61.6 years; age range: 18–90 years) obtained at two independent institutions between 2007 and 2024.</div><div>Three different classification models were trained on the original CT images and separately on MCI-transformed CT images: (1) a previously published deep learning model for classifying fibrotic lung disease on chest CT, (2) a classification pipeline based on the EfficientNet-V2 convolutional neural network architecture, and (3) a non-deep-learning model based on the functional principal component analysis (FPCA) of density functions of voxel intensity.</div><div>All models were trained on data from the first institution and evaluated on data from the second institution with the recall-macro, precision-macro and F1-macro scores. Performance difference between classifier pairs was tested with the Stuart-Maxwell marginal homogeneity test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For a fixed model architecture and training algorithm, MCI-transformed images yield comparable or better classification performance than the original CT images. The best performance improvement achieved with MCI compared to CT was: recall-macro 0.83 vs 0.57, precision-macro 0.81 vs 0.50, F1-macro 0.80 vs 0.49, p = 4.2e-5.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>MCI may be a valuable addition to existing AI systems for screening for UIP on chest CT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100723"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of single-phase DECT as an alternative to triple-phase CT for imaging-defined risk factors assessment in neuroblastoma for dose reduction","authors":"Ruifang Sun ,&nbsp;Haoyan Li ,&nbsp;Bei Wang ,&nbsp;Huiying Kang ,&nbsp;Runtong Lu ,&nbsp;Zhenpeng Chen ,&nbsp;Yun Peng ,&nbsp;Jihang Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2026.100732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejro.2026.100732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the feasibility of evaluating Imaging-Defined Risk Factors (IDRFs) in Neuroblastoma (NB) patients using venous-phase (VP)-only images in dual-energy CT for radiation dose reduction and examination workflow optimization, compared with conventional triple-phase CECT.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Ninety-four pediatric NB patients (ages 4.92 ± 3.45 y, range 0–17 y), who underwent triple-phase DECT were included. The standard 68 keV images reconstructed using 50 % adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V (ASIR-V) served as the control group. The 40 keV images in VP with deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) were used as the study group. Objective measurements included CT values and standard deviations of the aorta, back muscles, NB lesions; contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the aorta, and edge-rise slope (ERS) of NB lesions and compared by using paired Wilcoxon tests. Two pediatric radiologists independently reviewed images for IDRFs and used a 5-point scale to assess images quality. Weighted Cohen's kappa was generated to analyze the inter-rater differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study group had higher arterial CT values (440.81 ± 79.93 HU vs. 340.35 ± 61.14 HU, p &lt; 0.001), similar CNR (30.43 ± 10.91 vs. 28.17 ± 10.05, p = 0.110), and higher ERS (129.31 ± 41.32 vs. 114.06 ± 36.33, p = 0.002). Two radiologists showed no difference in IDRFs assessment with good intra-group consistency, and all images met diagnostic needs with image quality scores exceeded 3. The single-phase DECT reduced radiation dose to 108.84 ± 50.49 mGy-cm, over 60 % lower than the triple-phase CECT.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Single venous-phase 40 keV-DECT images demonstrate feasibility for evaluating IDRFs in pediatric NB patients, saving about 60 % radiation dose and optimizing the examination workflow compared to the conventional triple-phase approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100732"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-parameter risk stratification based on device landing zone calcification and aortic annular perimeter for paravalvular regurgitation after self-expanding TAVR","authors":"Jun Shu ,&nbsp;Didi Wen ,&nbsp;Jingji Xu ,&nbsp;Yu Mao ,&nbsp;Hui Ma ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Yao Zhao ,&nbsp;Jian Yang ,&nbsp;Minwen Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2025.100719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejro.2025.100719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The study aimed to identify independent predictors associated with paravalvular regurgitation (PVR) after self-expanding transcatheter aortic valve replacement (SE-TAVR) and to develop a dual-parameter risk stratification model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study enrolled 292 severe aortic stenosis patients underwent SE-TAVR. PVR severity was assessed pre-discharge. Multivariate logistic regression identified independent predictors of mild/moderate PVR, optimal cutoff values for significant anatomical parameters were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Patients were subsequently stratified into three risk groups based on these thresholds.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mild/moderate PVR occurred in 24.0 % of patients. Independent predictors included aortic annular perimeter (OR:1.067, <em>P</em> = 0.015), device landing zone calcific volume (OR:1.006 per 10 mm³, <em>P</em> = 0.025), and presence of sealing skirt (OR:0.412, <em>P</em> = 0.010). The combination of these predictors had a higher discriminative performance (AUC=0.779) than single predictors (<em>P</em> = 0.036, 0.007, and &lt;0.001, respectively), with significant integrated discrimination improvement (integrated discrimination improvement=5.4–6.7 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). ROC-derived thresholds (device landing zone calcific volume≥1240 mm³ and aortic annular perimeter≥77 mm) stratified patients into three risk groups with progressively increasing PVR incidence: Group A (neither elevate):8.4 %; Group B (either elevated):23.7 %; and Group C (both elevated):48.7 %. Pairwise comparisons confirming differences between Group A vs. B (<em>P</em> = 0.003) and Group B vs. C (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Sealing skirts significantly reduced PVR in Groups A (<em>P</em> = 0.042) but not in Group B and C (<em>P</em> = 0.082 and 0.342).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The dual-parameter model based on device landing zone calcification and aortic annular perimeter significantly enhances PVR risk stratification after SE-TAVR. The dual-threshold model provides a clinically actionable tool for pre-procedural risk stratification and personalized valve selection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100719"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated assessment of right heart function by artificial intelligence: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Pooya Eini ,&nbsp;Homa serpoush ,&nbsp;Mohammad Rezayee ,&nbsp;Jason Tremblay","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2025.100713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejro.2025.100713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Accurate assessment of right ventricular (RV) size and function is critical for managing cardiac diseases but is challenged by the limitations of traditional echocardiography. Artificial intelligence (AI) models offer potential for improving RV assessment, yet their diagnostic accuracy remains uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of AI models for predicting RV size and function, synthesizing performance metrics and assessing evidence quality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, we searched 5 databases up to June 2025 using MeSH and Emtree terms for \"Artificial Intelligence,\" \"Right Ventricular Function,\" and \"Right Ventricular Dysfunction.\" Two reviewers screened studies, extracted data and assessed quality using PROBAST+AI. Pooled estimates were calculated using STATA 18 with MIDAS and METADATA modules. Heterogeneity was explored via subgroup analyses, meta-regression, and sensitivity analyses. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plot.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 25 studies, 18 provided data for meta-analysis, yielding a pooled sensitivity of 0.85 (95 % CI: 0.73–0.92), specificity of 0.81 (95 % CI: 0.72–0.88), and AUROC of 0.89 (95 % CI: 0.86–0.92). High heterogeneity (I² = 71.63 % for sensitivity, 73.51 % for specificity) was partially explained by algorithm type and study country. The GRADE assessment indicated moderate certainty of evidence due to heterogeneity and bias in 25 % of studies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>AI models show promising diagnostic accuracy for RV assessment, but high heterogeneity and moderate evidence certainty necessitate cautious interpretation and further research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145692986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning for diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules based on thyroid ultrasound: Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies with external datasets","authors":"Elisa Gatta ,&nbsp;Roberto Gatta ,&nbsp;Riccardo Morandi ,&nbsp;Samuele Isoli ,&nbsp;Sara Corvaglia ,&nbsp;Simone Vetrugno ,&nbsp;Virginia Maltese ,&nbsp;Ilenia Pirola ,&nbsp;Claudio Casella ,&nbsp;Carlo Cappelli","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2025.100716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejro.2025.100716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Optimizing the diagnostic approach to thyroid nodules remains a crucial challenge. Ultrasound-based risk stratification systems such as EU-TIRADS have shown reasonable sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic performance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models in differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules on ultrasound data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed up to January 1, 2025. Eligible studies included patients with thyroid nodules undergoing ultrasound, where AI-based models were validated against cytological or histological findings. The AI algorithms were developed using different types of ultrasound-derived data, including B-mode images, radiomics features. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) were estimated using a hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-seven studies comprising 146,332 patients and over 600,000 ultrasound images met inclusion criteria. Overall, pooled sensitivity was 87 % (95 % CI: 84–89 %) and specificity 83 % (95 % CI: 79–86 %). The summary operating point indicated a sensitivity of 88 % and specificity of 83 %, with an AUC of 91.9 % (95 % CI: 90.0–93.2 %). Although subgroup analysis suggested higher accuracy when cytology was used as the reference standard compared to histology, the mixed-effects meta-regression did not confirm a statistically significant association (p = 0.238 for sensitivity; p = 0.188 for specificity).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>AI-based algorithms show excellent diagnostic performance in distinguishing benign from malignant thyroid nodules, with robust validation across external datasets. These findings support the potential integration of AI into clinical thyroid nodule management, although further multicenter, non-Asian, and histology-based studies are warrantee.</div></div><div><h3>Systematic review registration</h3><div>PROSPERO (CRD420251108149)</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100716"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary 0.55 T MRI to visualize interstitial lung disease – An exploratory study","authors":"Nadine Bayerl ,&nbsp;Claudius S. Mathy ,&nbsp;Christina Bergmann ,&nbsp;Tobias Bäuerle ,&nbsp;Lisa C. Adams ,&nbsp;Armin M. Nagel ,&nbsp;Jörg H.W. Distler ,&nbsp;Teresa Gerhalter ,&nbsp;Michael Uder ,&nbsp;Rafael Heiss ,&nbsp;Stephan Ellmann","doi":"10.1016/j.ejro.2025.100720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejro.2025.100720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the feasibility of contemporary 0.55 T MRI for visualizing interstitial lung disease (ILD) compared to high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in an exploratory first-experience study.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Thirty participants (mean age 60 ± 13 years; 13 females) with rheumatologic ILD underwent HRCT and 0.55 T MRI within 31 days. MRI protocols included proton-density-weighted turbo-spin-echo sequences (transverse) and T2-weighted short-tau inversion recovery sequences (coronal). Three blinded radiologists independently assessed overall disease extent, ground-glass opacity (GGO), reticulation, and emphysema using a semi-quantitative scoring system. Differences between modalities were tested using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and Bland-Altman analysis evaluated systematic bias.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall disease extent showed no statistically significant difference between low-field MRI and HRCT (median 22.5 % vs. 24.5 %), with excellent interobserver agreement (MRI ICC = 0.94; HRCT ICC = 0.97). MRI significantly overestimated GGO (13.1 % vs. 9.7 %) and underestimated reticulation (8.1 % vs. 11.4 %) compared to HRCT. Bland-Altman analysis confirmed no systematic bias for overall disease extent but consistent overestimation of GGO and underestimation of reticulation on MRI.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Contemporary 0.55 T MRI showed no statistically significant difference in overall ILD extent compared to HRCT but tended to overestimate GGO and underestimate reticulation. Despite these limitations, 0.55 T MRI represents a promising candidate for future development as a radiation-free alternative for gross disease burden assessment in ILD, warranting further technical refinement before routine clinical use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38076,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Radiology Open","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100720"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}